本文選題：聚苯硫醚膜 + 熱致相分離(TIPS)　； 參考：《天津工業(yè)大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：膜分離技術(shù)是一種簡便,節(jié)能,高效的分離技術(shù)并且應(yīng)用于很多領(lǐng)域。然而,常規(guī)膜材料在耐強(qiáng)酸、強(qiáng)堿、極性溶劑方面性能不佳。聚苯硫醚(PPS)是一種具有優(yōu)良熱性能及耐溶劑性能的材料,因此,在高溫酸堿腐蝕性液體、有機(jī)溶劑處理領(lǐng)域,PPS有望成為一種新的膜分離材料。本文主要是通過熱致相分離的方法制備PPS膜,基于相平衡熱力學(xué)與動力學(xué)理論分析了膜形成機(jī)理,研究了各種成膜因素對膜結(jié)構(gòu)與性能的影響,通過摻雜親水性納米粒子實(shí)現(xiàn)了 PPS膜抗污染性能的改善。首先,篩選了六種稀釋劑包括己內(nèi)酰胺(CPL)、二苯甲酮(DPK)、1-氯萘、安息香(BZ)、二苯醚(DPE)及二苯砜(DPS),研究不同稀釋劑制備的膜微觀結(jié)構(gòu)與分離性能的內(nèi)在關(guān)聯(lián)。其中,CPL、DPK、1-氯萘制備的PPS平板膜的相分離形式屬于固-液(S-L)分相,BZ、DPE、DPS制備的PPS平板膜的相分離形式屬于液-液(L-L)分相。以PPS/CPL平板膜體系為例,剖析了聚合物濃度、致孔劑種類與含量、凝固浴溫度對膜制備與膜分離過程的影響。其次,采用PPS/DBS/DPK三元體系制備了 PPS膜,研究了稀釋劑配比組成、聚合物濃度、冷卻速率及凝固浴種類對膜制備與分離過程的影響。隨著DBS與DPK的質(zhì)量比從10/66到17/59,PPS/DBS/DPK三元體系的濁點(diǎn)溫度從250℃增加到263.5℃,結(jié)晶溫度從225.4℃降到了 219.2℃,聚合物與稀釋劑之間的相互作用參數(shù)由1.57降到1.91,延長了 L-L相分離時(shí)間,優(yōu)化了膜結(jié)構(gòu)類型。當(dāng)DBS的含量為16wt%,DPK含量為60wt%時(shí),制備了一種擁有通量高、孔隙率大、力學(xué)性能優(yōu)異及抗污染能力強(qiáng)的多層結(jié)構(gòu)的PPS、平板膜,而且降低冷卻速率、聚合物濃度及傳質(zhì)過程中稀釋劑含量均能夠提高PPS平板膜的孔隙率,強(qiáng)化膜分離過程。高溫、高腐蝕環(huán)境下的膜分離性能評價(jià)研究表明PPS膜具有常規(guī)過濾膜材料無法比擬的耐高溫、耐酸堿及耐有機(jī)溶劑的性能。最后,通過摻雜部分還原的氧化石墨烯(GO)與TiO_2納米粒子,制備了PPS/TiO_2、PPS/GO和PPS/GO/TiO_2納米復(fù)合膜,通過膜分離過程研究發(fā)現(xiàn),納米粒子的適量摻雜能夠顯著提高膜滲透性、力學(xué)性能及抗污染性能。膜抗污染性能研究表明:當(dāng)膜中GO/TiO_2的質(zhì)量分?jǐn)?shù)為0.7wt%時(shí),膜的抗污染效果最佳。與PPS/Ti02、PPS/GO膜相比,PPS/GO/TiO_2膜具有更高的水通量與抗污染性能。
[Abstract]:Membrane separation technology is a simple, energy-saving and efficient separation technology and has been applied in many fields. However, conventional membrane materials have poor resistance to strong acid, alkali and polar solvents. Polyphenylene sulfide (PPS) is a kind of material with excellent thermal properties and solvent resistance. Therefore, PPS is expected to become a new membrane separation material in the field of high temperature acid-base corrosive liquid and organic solvent treatment. In this paper, PPS membranes were prepared by thermally induced phase separation. Based on the theory of phase equilibrium thermodynamics and kinetics, the mechanism of membrane formation was analyzed, and the effects of various film forming factors on the structure and properties of the membranes were studied. The antifouling performance of PPS membrane was improved by doping hydrophilic nanoparticles. Firstly, six kinds of diluents, including caprolactam (CPL), benzophenone (DPKK) 1-chloronaphthalene, benzoin (BZ), diphenyl sulfone (DPE) and diphenyl sulfone (DPS), were selected to study the relationship between the microstructures and the separation properties of the membranes prepared with different diluents. The phase separation form of PPS flat membrane prepared by DPK1-chloronaphthalene belongs to solid-liquid S-L) phase separation form of PPS flat membrane prepared by BZDPEPE-DPS belongs to liquid-liquid L-L phase separation. Taking PPS/CPL flat membrane system as an example, the effects of polymer concentration, kinds and contents of pore-forming agents and coagulation bath temperature on the process of membrane preparation and membrane separation were analyzed. Secondly, the PPS films were prepared by PPS/DBS/DPK ternary system. The effects of diluent composition, polymer concentration, cooling rate and coagulation bath on the preparation and separation of the membranes were studied. With the mass ratio of DBS to DPK from 10 / 66 to 17 / 59, the cloud point temperature of DBS / DBS / DPK ternary system increases from 250 鈩，

本文編號：1785292