本文選題：酚類化合物 + 木質(zhì)素�。� 參考：《山東理工大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：生物質(zhì)主要由纖維素、半纖維素、木質(zhì)素和堿類金屬等構(gòu)成,其快速熱解產(chǎn)物包含熱解氣、生物油和焦炭。生物油富含上百種有機化合物,其中的酚類可用作酚醛樹脂膠黏劑、消毒劑、顯影劑等,是一種高附加值的化工產(chǎn)品。木質(zhì)素?zé)峤猱a(chǎn)物是生物油中酚類化合物的主要來源。本文以酚類為目標(biāo)產(chǎn)物,以木質(zhì)素產(chǎn)酚特性為研究對象,以微晶纖維素、木聚糖、堿性木素、玉米秸稈、氯化鉀和氯化鈣為實驗原料,按質(zhì)量將纖維素-木質(zhì)素和木聚糖-木質(zhì)素進行配比(3:1、2:1、1:1),利用鹽酸脫除玉米秸稈中的堿類金屬,將木質(zhì)素分別與不同質(zhì)量分?jǐn)?shù)(0.2、2、20wt%)的氯化鉀和氯化鈣自然混合后,在固定床管式爐內(nèi)進行快速熱解實驗,反應(yīng)溫度為450、500、550和600°C,探究生物質(zhì)主要組分對木質(zhì)素?zé)峤猱a(chǎn)物分布及生物油中酚類產(chǎn)物變化規(guī)律的影響,為生物油向高品位化學(xué)品的轉(zhuǎn)化利用提供有價值的基礎(chǔ)數(shù)據(jù)。研究結(jié)果表明:隨著溫度的升高,纖維素和木質(zhì)素、木聚糖和木質(zhì)素混合熱解的生物油產(chǎn)率先增加后減少,且均在500°C獲得最高產(chǎn)油率。纖維素與木質(zhì)素共熱解時存在交互作用,對熱解產(chǎn)生氣體的產(chǎn)生有促進作用,對生物油和焦炭的產(chǎn)生有抑制作用,并且隨著纖維素含量的增加,對產(chǎn)物的影響增強。隨著木聚糖含量的增加,木聚糖與木質(zhì)素共熱解時對生物油的抑制作用增強,同時,木聚糖和木質(zhì)素共熱解抑制了焦炭的產(chǎn)生,促進了氣體的產(chǎn)生。利用數(shù)理統(tǒng)計總體評估法、權(quán)重計算法以及峰面積比值法,研究纖維素和木聚糖分別對木質(zhì)素?zé)峤猱a(chǎn)酚特性的影響。研究表明:隨著溫度的升高,纖維素和木聚糖分別對木質(zhì)素?zé)峤猱a(chǎn)酚的影響增強。隨著纖維素或木聚糖含量的增加,對木質(zhì)素?zé)峤猱a(chǎn)酚的影響減弱。對于羥基苯酚類、愈創(chuàng)木酚類和紫丁香酚類,纖維素促進了三種酚類的生成,木聚糖抑制了愈創(chuàng)木酚類和紫丁香酚類的產(chǎn)生,促進了羥基苯酚類的產(chǎn)生。隨著纖維素和木聚糖含量的增加,對三種酚類的作用增強。對玉米秸稈進行酸洗預(yù)處理實驗結(jié)果表明:酸處理抑制了玉米秸稈熱解產(chǎn)生焦炭和氣體產(chǎn)物,促進了生物油的產(chǎn)生。對比處理前后酚類產(chǎn)物的含量,堿類金屬促進了酚類的產(chǎn)生,對羥基苯酚類和愈創(chuàng)木酚類的影響較明顯。利用氯化鉀和氯化鈣分別對木質(zhì)素混合熱解,探究兩種金屬鹽對木質(zhì)素?zé)峤馓匦约捌洚a(chǎn)酚規(guī)律的影響:氯化鉀和氯化鈣均促進了木質(zhì)素?zé)峤猱a(chǎn)生焦炭,抑制其產(chǎn)生生物油,且氯化鉀的作用要強于氯化鈣。氯化鉀促進了愈創(chuàng)木酚類的生成,且隨著氯化鉀和氯化鈣質(zhì)量分?jǐn)?shù)的增加,二者對羥基苯酚類的促進作用均增強。
[Abstract]:Biomass is mainly composed of cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin and alkali metal. Its rapid pyrolysis products include pyrolysis gas, bio-oil and coke. Biological oil is rich in hundreds of organic compounds, and phenols can be used as phenolic resin adhesives, disinfectants, developer and so on. Lignin pyrolysis products are the main sources of phenolic compounds in bio-oil. In this paper, phenols were taken as target products, lignin phenol-producing characteristics were studied, and microcrystalline cellulose, xylan, alkaline lignin, corn straw, potassium chloride and calcium chloride were used as experimental materials. Cellulose lignin and xylan lignin were mixed with potassium chloride and calcium chloride by using hydrochloric acid to remove alkali metal from corn straw. A rapid pyrolysis experiment was carried out in a fixed bed tube furnace at the reaction temperatures of 450500550 擄C and 600 擄C. the effects of the main components of biomass on the distribution of lignin pyrolysis products and the variation of phenolic products in bio-oil were investigated. To provide valuable basic data for the conversion of bio-oil to high grade chemicals. The results showed that with the increase of temperature, the bio-oil yield of cellulose, lignin, xylan and lignin mixed pyrolysis increased first and then decreased, and the highest oil yield was obtained at 500 擄C. There is interaction between cellulose and lignin in co-pyrolysis, which can promote the production of gas, inhibit the production of bio-oil and coke, and increase with the increase of cellulose content. With the increase of xylan content, the inhibition of bio-oil was enhanced by co-pyrolysis of xylan and lignin. At the same time, the co-pyrolysis of xylan and lignin inhibited the production of coke and promoted the production of gas. The effects of cellulose and xylan on the phenol-producing properties of lignin pyrolysis were studied by means of mathematical statistical total evaluation method, weight calculation method and peak area ratio method. The results showed that the effects of cellulose and xylan on the pyrolysis of lignin increased with the increase of temperature. With the increase of cellulose or xylan content, the effect of lignin pyrolysis on phenol production weakened. For hydroxybenzophenols, guaiacol and eugenol, cellulose promoted the formation of three phenols, xylan inhibited the production of guaiacol and eugenol, and promoted the production of hydroxybenzophenols. The effect of cellulose and xylan on the three phenols was enhanced with the increase of cellulose and xylan content. The results showed that acid treatment inhibited the pyrolysis of corn straw to produce coke and gas products and promoted the production of bio-oil. Compared with the content of phenolic products before and after treatment, alkali metals promoted the production of phenols, and the effects of phenols on phenols and guaiacol were more obvious. The mixed pyrolysis of lignin by potassium chloride and calcium chloride was used to investigate the effects of two kinds of metal salts on the pyrolysis characteristics of lignin and the law of phenol production: both potassium chloride and calcium chloride promoted the pyrolysis of lignin to produce coke and inhibited the production of bio-oil. The effect of potassium chloride is stronger than that of calcium chloride. Potassium chloride promoted the formation of guaiacol, and with the increase of the mass fraction of potassium chloride and calcium chloride, both of them enhanced the promotion of hydroxybenzophenols.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TQ07;S216

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