本文選題：石煤 + 石墨�。� 參考：《武漢工程大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：石墨具有優(yōu)異的性質(zhì)和廣泛的用途,隨著科技的進(jìn)步,石墨材料已經(jīng)滲透到工業(yè)的各個(gè)應(yīng)用領(lǐng)域。新型的高純石墨材料的開(kāi)發(fā)應(yīng)用與石墨深加工技術(shù)有很大前景,已經(jīng)作為新型產(chǎn)業(yè)廣泛應(yīng)用于科技領(lǐng)域。本論文是橫向課題,主要目的是探索運(yùn)用于生產(chǎn)實(shí)踐的最佳工藝。本文以湖北省十堰市竹溪縣某煤礦企業(yè)在開(kāi)采過(guò)程中所采出的石煤資源為研究對(duì)象,以從石煤中提取出石墨方法為研究目標(biāo),探究了從石煤中提取石墨的工藝。檢測(cè)得出所用原礦固定碳含量為74.02%,該礦中的雜質(zhì)礦物相應(yīng)有云母、石英、碳酸鈣等。本文經(jīng)過(guò)前期查閱大量文獻(xiàn),比較分析石墨提純的五種方法,結(jié)合目前實(shí)驗(yàn)過(guò)程中存在的問(wèn)題,探究了堿酸法提取石墨工藝。從化學(xué)反應(yīng)原理、以及熱力學(xué)和動(dòng)力學(xué)的角度分析,堿熔焙燒工藝中,NaOH和雜質(zhì)反應(yīng)為放熱反應(yīng),需要找到最優(yōu)溫度,解決反應(yīng)速度與反應(yīng)程度的矛盾,以實(shí)現(xiàn)提高石墨產(chǎn)品的純度和經(jīng)濟(jì)效益的平衡,并初步選定溫度在400-900℃之間。實(shí)驗(yàn)以堿酸法作為提取石墨的研究方法,固定碳含量為工藝參數(shù),通過(guò)單因素實(shí)驗(yàn)分析了篩網(wǎng)目數(shù)、NaOH投加量、焙燒溫度、焙燒時(shí)間、鹽酸濃度、鹽酸用量、酸浸時(shí)間等各個(gè)因素與石墨提取效果的相關(guān)性,最終確定整個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)最佳的工藝組合條件為:選擇150~200目級(jí)別的原礦,NaOH/C的質(zhì)量比為3.8g/10g、堿熔焙燒溫度600℃、堿熔焙燒時(shí)間90min,鹽酸濃度8%、HCl/C的用量比為20ml/5g、酸浸溫度80℃、酸浸時(shí)間150min。在此工藝條件下樣品固定碳含量能夠從74.02%提升到90.43%。運(yùn)用SEM、XRD、XPS和拉曼光譜分析等4種檢測(cè)方法,分析原礦和堿酸法純化后樣品的晶體結(jié)構(gòu)與元素成分,檢測(cè)結(jié)果表明,堿酸法提取石墨有很好的去雜效果,固定碳含量得到了提升,證實(shí)了從該石煤中提取石墨具有可行性。再根據(jù)石煤原礦企業(yè)的實(shí)際情況,結(jié)合堿酸法提取石墨工藝的生產(chǎn)成本,分析了工藝的實(shí)施能夠?yàn)槠髽I(yè)帶來(lái)的經(jīng)濟(jì)效益、環(huán)境效益和社會(huì)效益。最后驗(yàn)證了酸法提取石墨工藝實(shí)施的可行性,估算出該工藝的實(shí)施能夠?yàn)槠髽I(yè)每年帶來(lái)327.6萬(wàn)元的經(jīng)濟(jì)效益,達(dá)到高效利用資源的目的。
[Abstract]:Graphite has excellent properties and wide applications. With the development of science and technology, graphite material has penetrated into various application fields of industry.The development and application of new high purity graphite materials and graphite deep processing technology have great prospects and have been widely used in science and technology as a new industry.This paper is a horizontal subject, the main purpose is to explore the best process applied in production practice.In this paper, a coal mining enterprise in Zhuxi County, Shiyan City, Hubei Province, took the stone coal resources extracted from the mining process as the research object, aimed at extracting graphite from the stone coal, and explored the technology of extracting graphite from the stone coal.The fixed carbon content of the ore is 74.02, and the impurity minerals in the ore are mica, quartz, calcium carbonate and so on.In this paper, a large number of literatures were reviewed and five methods of graphite purification were compared and analyzed. Combined with the existing problems in the present experiment, the alkali acid method for graphite extraction was explored.From the point of view of chemical reaction principle, thermodynamics and kinetics, the reaction of NaOH and impurity in alkali melting roasting process is exothermic, so it is necessary to find the optimum temperature and solve the contradiction between reaction speed and reaction degree.In order to achieve the balance of improving the purity and economic benefit of graphite products, the temperature was preliminarily selected between 400 鈩，

本文編號(hào)：1767097