發(fā)布時間：2018-04-17 17:31

  本文選題：氧化鋅 + 納米柱��； 參考：《青島科技大學》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：化石能源的過度消耗帶來了嚴重的能源和環(huán)境問題,太陽能電池作為可再生清潔能源可將太陽能直接轉化為電能,從而成為人們關注的焦點。在太陽能結構中,電子傳輸層具有非常重要的作用,收集光吸收層產生的光生電子并將電子傳輸?shù)綄щ婋姌O,對器件的光電轉化效率有直接影響。近年來研究較多的電子傳輸層材料是多孔納米Ti02顆粒,而ZnO具有高穩(wěn)定性,優(yōu)異的光電性能,良好的形貌可控性等優(yōu)點而可以作為取代TiO2的材料。同時,ZnO的電子遷移率高且易于制備成一維納米柱結構,可用作太陽能電池的電子傳輸層。因此,對ZnO納米結構的研究成為人們優(yōu)化太陽能電池結構的熱點之一。本文對應用太陽能電池的ZnO納米柱的制備工藝進行探討,在優(yōu)化工藝條件下制備得到形貌整齊、尺寸均勻的ZnO納米柱陣列,在ZnO納米柱陣列基礎上,制備了ZnO：Al陣列和ZnO/ZnMgO納米結構,分別作為電子傳輸層材料組裝太陽能電池器件,并對ZnO納米柱及優(yōu)化結構和電池器件進行表征和分析。得到的主要結果如下：Ⅰ.ZnO納米柱和納米管陣列的制備及光電性能表征采用水浴法在ZnO種子層上生長ZnO納米柱陣列,從種子液濃度、種子膜層數(shù)、生長液濃度、生長時間以及生長液是否添加PEI對ZnO納米柱形貌的影響進行了研究,得出0.2 mol/L的種子液、種子膜層數(shù)為5層時得到的ZnO種子層在不添加PEI、生長液濃度為0.02 mol/L、生長3h時能夠獲得整齊的ZnO納米柱陣列,納米柱沿c軸取向生長,尺寸均勻,直徑約150 nm。采用二次水浴生長的方式刻蝕得到ZnO納米管,二次水浴溫度為50℃、水浴時間為三小時時形成了中空的納米管結構,管壁較薄約為20 nm。采用兩步法制備結構為Ag/P3HT/CH3NH3PbI3/ZnO/FTO的鈣鈦礦太陽能電池器件。通過測試電池器件的伏安特性曲線來考察電池性能,得到ZnO最佳水浴生長條件為75 rmin,器件的最高光轉化效率為4.72%,填充因子為0.43。Ⅱ.ZnO：Al納米柱陣列的制備及光電性能表征在ZnO納米柱陣列基礎上,采用水浴法制備了不同摻雜比例的ZnO：Al納米柱陣列并對其形貌、結構和元素組成進行表征。摻雜后,納米柱陣列光透過率提高且表面方塊電阻下降。將ZnO：Al納米柱陣列作為電子傳輸層應用于PSCs器件中,在低摻雜濃度(1%)時得到最佳器件性能,光轉化效率達到5.78%,填充因子提高到0.54。Ⅲ.ZnO/ZnMgO納米結構的制備及光電性能表征利用溶膠凝膠法在ZnO納米柱表面負載ZnMgO層,形成類“核殼結構”的ZnO/ZnMgO納米結構。實驗證明：ZnMgO層的光學禁帶寬度要略大于ZnO納米柱。將ZnO/ZnMgO納米結構作為電子傳輸層應用于PSCs器件中,ZnO/Zn0.95Mg0.05O基電池器件的最高光轉化效率達到7.65%,填充因子提高到0.58。
[Abstract]:The excessive consumption of fossil energy has brought serious energy and environmental problems. As a renewable and clean energy, solar cells can directly convert solar energy into electric energy, which has become the focus of attention.The electron transport layer plays a very important role in the solar energy structure. Collecting the photogenerated electrons from the optical absorption layer and transmitting the electrons to the conductive electrode have a direct impact on the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the device.In recent years, more and more electron transport layer materials are porous nanometer Ti02 particles. ZnO can be used as a substitute for TiO2 because of its high stability, excellent optoelectronic properties and good morphology controllability.At the same time, ZnO can be used as the electron transport layer of solar cells because of its high electron mobility and easy preparation of one-dimensional nanocolumn structure.Therefore, the study of ZnO nanostructures has become one of the hot spots in the optimization of solar cell structure.In this paper, the preparation process of ZnO nano-column with solar cells is discussed. Under the optimized conditions, the ZnO nanoscale arrays with neat morphology and uniform size are prepared. On the basis of the ZnO nanoscale column array, the structure of the ZnO nanocolumn array is obtained.ZnO:Al arrays and ZnO/ZnMgO nanostructures were prepared, respectively, as electron transport layer materials to assemble solar cell devices. The ZnO nanocolumns, optimized structures and battery devices were characterized and analyzed.The main results obtained are as follows: 鈪，

本文編號：1764568