本文選題：鈉離子電池　切入點(diǎn)：負(fù)極材料　出處：《天津工業(yè)大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著電動(dòng)汽車和混合動(dòng)力汽車產(chǎn)品在國內(nèi)的快速普及,鋰離子電池作為動(dòng)力電池的來源需求量快速增長。鋰資源的消耗量呈現(xiàn)井噴趨勢,然而由于鋰資源在地殼儲(chǔ)存有限,鋰資源終將被耗盡。由于鈉的含量豐富,與鋰又屬于同一主族,其化學(xué)性質(zhì)相似,所以鈉離子電池被認(rèn)為是代替鋰離子電池的不二選擇。由于鈉離子的半徑(0.102 nm)大于鋰離子半徑(0.076 nm),溶劑化的鈉離子無法嵌入到石墨層間,所以石墨材料作為負(fù)極不再適用于鈉離子電池。經(jīng)過科學(xué)家大量的研究,硬碳材料是作為鈉離子電池負(fù)極材料的首選。本論文采用造紙廢料木質(zhì)素磺酸鹽為前驅(qū)體,采用簡單的噴霧干燥法制備硬碳微球,經(jīng)過高溫1250℃碳化。作為鈉離子電池負(fù)極材料,研究其儲(chǔ)鈉性能。為了提高硬碳微球的容量和首次庫倫效率,同時(shí)復(fù)合了酚醛樹脂,在調(diào)控硬碳微球形貌的同時(shí)改變其電化學(xué)性能。電化學(xué)測試表明,純的木質(zhì)素磺酸鹽首次可逆比容量達(dá)到249 mAh/g,首次庫倫效率為59.7%。經(jīng)過酚醛樹脂復(fù)合后,復(fù)合材料的容量得到明顯提高,其中酚醛樹脂/木質(zhì)素質(zhì)量比為1/9時(shí),首次可逆比容量高達(dá)350 mAh/g,首次庫倫效率為61.41%;酚醛樹脂/木質(zhì)素質(zhì)量比為5/5時(shí),首次可逆比容量為321 mAh/g,庫倫效率為71.06%。同時(shí),該電極表現(xiàn)出優(yōu)異的循環(huán)穩(wěn)定性,在100 mA/g的電流密度下循環(huán)200次后容量保持率在95%以上。采用富氮材料三聚氰胺做為氮源,用噴霧干燥法制備摻氮木質(zhì)素硬碳微球,低溫700℃碳化,作為鈉離子電池負(fù)極材料,探究摻氮對儲(chǔ)鈉性能的影響。經(jīng)過電化學(xué)性能測試發(fā)現(xiàn),700℃碳化后木質(zhì)素基硬碳微球可逆比容量為122 mAh/g,摻氮后的木質(zhì)素硬碳微球可逆比容量為207mAh/g,并且具有較好的循環(huán)穩(wěn)定性。
[Abstract]:With the rapid popularity of electric vehicles and hybrid vehicles in China, the demand for lithium ion batteries as a source of power batteries is increasing rapidly.The consumption of lithium resource appears blowout trend. However, because of the limited storage of lithium resource in the crust, lithium resource will eventually be exhausted.Because of the abundance of sodium and the similar chemical properties of lithium and lithium, sodium ion batteries are considered to be the best alternatives for lithium ion batteries.Because the radius of sodium ion is 0.102 nm) and the radius of lithium ion is 0.076 nm, the solvated sodium ion can not be embedded into the graphite layer, so the graphite material is no longer suitable for sodium ion battery as negative electrode.After a lot of research by scientists, hard carbon materials are the first choice of anode materials for sodium ion batteries.In this paper, hard carbon microspheres were prepared by simple spray drying method using lignin sulfonate as precursor, and carbonized at high temperature of 1250 鈩，

本文編號(hào)：1721072