本文選題：氮化硼納米片　切入點：多孔材料　出處：《北京理工大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：氮化硼因其出眾的物理和化學(xué)性能而受到人們的廣泛關(guān)注,多孔氮化硼材料在解決能源問題和環(huán)境污染方面展示出廣闊的前景,可以普遍應(yīng)用于儲氫,污水處理,染料吸附等領(lǐng)域。本文采用硼酸和尿素通過簡單、無模板的一步法制備出多孔的氮化硼納米片。通過改變反應(yīng)物比例,反應(yīng)時間,反應(yīng)溫度,載氣比例等工藝條件不斷優(yōu)化氮化硼納米片的形貌,確定合成多孔氮化硼納米片的最優(yōu)工藝條件。使用掃描電子顯微鏡,透射電子顯微鏡,X射線衍射,X射線光電子能譜,原子力顯微鏡和拉曼光譜表征氮化硼納米片的形貌,成分和物相。發(fā)現(xiàn)制備的氮化硼是多孔納米片形貌且晶格畸變明顯,其(0002)晶面間距0.365nm比標(biāo)準(zhǔn)值偏大。XPS結(jié)果表明產(chǎn)物中B元素和N元素含量比B:N=0.97:1。拉曼光譜E2g振動峰與標(biāo)準(zhǔn)圖譜匹對良好,峰位稍向高頻移動至1474cm-1且半峰寬拓寬達40cm-1,說明樣品中存在弱的層間相互作用且晶粒尺寸較小。BET分析表明氮化硼納米片的比表面積735m2/g,總孔容量1.24cm3/g,是多孔氮化硼結(jié)構(gòu)中孔容量最大的。較大的比表面積和孔容量使得氮化硼納米片表現(xiàn)出優(yōu)異的氣體吸附性能,在77K常壓條件下可逆儲存氫氣質(zhì)量分?jǐn)?shù)1.50%,孔徑0.93nm的微孔對物理吸附性能起決定性作用,極性的B-N鍵使氫氣與氮化硼表面有相互作用,一定量的O元素?fù)诫s會降低氫氣分子在氮化硼表面吸附所消耗的能量,對提高儲氫性能有貢獻作用。在273K常壓下可逆吸附二氧化碳質(zhì)量分?jǐn)?shù)11.92%,介孔的存在可以給二氧化碳在氮化硼納米片內(nèi)遷移提供通道,降低二氧化碳的擴散阻力,使微孔有效的吸附面積大大增加。
[Abstract]:Because of its outstanding physical and chemical properties, boron nitride has attracted extensive attention. Porous boron nitride materials show broad prospects in solving energy problems and environmental pollution, and can be widely used in hydrogen storage and sewage treatment.Dye adsorption and other fields.In this paper, boric acid and urea were used to prepare porous boron nitride nanocrystals by a simple, template-free one-step method.The optimum technological conditions for the synthesis of porous boron nitride nanocrystals were determined by changing the ratio of reactants, reaction time, reaction temperature and the ratio of carrier gas to optimize the morphology of boron nitride nanocrystals.Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), atomic force microscopy (AFM) and Raman spectroscopy (Raman) were used to characterize the morphology, composition and phase of boron nitride nanocrystals.It was found that the prepared boron nitride was porous and the lattice distortion was obvious, and the crystal plane spacing of boron nitride was larger than the standard value. The results showed that the content of B element and N element in the product was higher than that of B: n element 0.97: 1.The E _ 2g vibrational peak of Raman spectrum was matched well with the standard spectrum.The peak position moved slightly to high frequency to 1474cm-1 and the width of the half peak widened to 40cm-1, which indicated that there was weak interlaminar interaction in the sample and the grain size was smaller. BET analysis showed that the specific surface area of boron nitride nanocrystals was 735m2 / g, the total pore capacity was 1.24cm3 / g, and it was a porous boron nitride structure.With the largest mesopore capacity.The large specific surface area and pore capacity make the boron nitride nanocrystals exhibit excellent gas adsorption performance. The reversible storage hydrogen mass fraction is 1.50 at 77K atmospheric pressure. The pore size of 0.93nm plays a decisive role in the physical adsorption performance.Polar B-N bond makes hydrogen interact with boron nitride surface. A certain amount of O doping can reduce the energy consumed by hydrogen molecules adsorbing on the surface of boron nitride and contribute to the improvement of hydrogen storage performance.At 273K atmospheric pressure, the reversible adsorption carbon dioxide mass fraction is 11.92. The existence of mesoporous carbon dioxide can provide a channel for carbon dioxide migration in boron nitride nanocrystals, reduce the diffusion resistance of carbon dioxide, and increase the effective adsorption area of micropores greatly.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TQ128;TB383.1

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