本文選題：鐵尾礦泡沫玻璃　切入點：添加量　出處：《陜西科技大學》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：近年來,中國工業(yè)化和城鎮(zhèn)化發(fā)展導致了大量尾礦的產生,給環(huán)境保護帶來了巨大壓力,因而對尾礦的綜合利用是一個迫切需要解決的課題。采用尾礦作為原料制備泡沫玻璃無疑是一個值得關注的方向,本課題主要以鐵尾礦和廢平板玻璃粉為主要原料,碳化硅作為造孔劑制備鐵尾礦泡沫玻璃。一方面泡沫玻璃是一類具有優(yōu)異保溫隔熱性能的節(jié)能材料,另一方面可以實現(xiàn)尾礦的再利用,保護環(huán)境,具有良好的社會和經濟效益。采用熒光分析結合X射線衍射技術對鐵尾礦化學組成和礦物相組成進行分析,結果表明鐵尾礦的主要礦物成分是鉀鈉長石相、粘土、石英相、赤鐵礦,其中鉀鈉長石相和粘土含量較多。鐵尾礦高溫行為研究結果表明,尾礦1100°C內部出現(xiàn)了大量熔體相,粘度急劇下降,TG-DSC結果表明熔體相形成溫度在800°C以上。在此基礎上以24.5wt%鐵尾礦和74.5wt%廢玻璃平板為主要原料,添加1wt%Si C粉體制備了鐵尾礦泡沫玻璃,并對其結構和性能進行了研究,結果發(fā)現(xiàn)制備得到的泡沫玻璃氣孔尺寸分布均勻,體積密度、抗壓強度和吸水率隨著發(fā)泡溫度升高呈先降低后升高趨勢,而氣孔率則呈相反趨勢;發(fā)泡過程研究表明,高溫SiC顆粒與玻璃相的反應也是產生氣體的一種主要方式,鐵尾礦中鉀鈉長石相與玻璃高溫熔體存在反應是發(fā)泡溫度較低的主要原因,而尾礦中未反應的顆粒也起到了一定穩(wěn)泡效果。將鐵尾礦添加量分別設置為20 wt%、30 wt%、40 wt%和50 wt%,通過樣品升溫過程中形狀變化和TG-DSC技術分別探測不同尾礦添加量樣品發(fā)泡溫度范圍。結果發(fā)現(xiàn),鐵尾礦量的增加導致了發(fā)泡溫度增加,不同尾礦含量泡沫玻璃體積密度和抗壓強度隨著發(fā)泡溫度的增加基本上呈先降低后增加趨勢,同時尾礦含量的增加導致了氣孔尺寸范圍進一步變寬,出現(xiàn)大量連通孔和大尺寸氣孔,物相分析也進一步表明溫度升高有助于尾礦和高溫熔體之間反應進行。在此實驗基礎上,引入7.5 wt%硼砂得到高摻量鐵尾礦泡沫玻璃,結果發(fā)現(xiàn)硼砂引入使得不同含量鐵尾礦泡沫玻璃發(fā)泡溫度大幅度下降,體積密度和抗壓強度隨著發(fā)泡溫度升高變化趨勢基本上保持不變,氣孔尺寸范圍分布更為寬泛,大量形狀各異的氣孔出現(xiàn),連通孔和大尺寸氣孔數量更多。在此基礎上,制備了較高含量鐵尾礦泡沫陶瓷,制品氣孔尺寸分布較為均勻,同幕墻復合制品具有較好應用前景。
[Abstract]:In recent years, the development of industrialization and urbanization in China has led to the production of a large number of tailings, which has brought great pressure to environmental protection, so the comprehensive utilization of tailings is an urgent problem to be solved.The preparation of foamed glass with tailings as raw material is undoubtedly a focus. In this paper, iron tailings and waste flat glass powder are used as main raw materials, and silicon carbide as pore-making agent to prepare iron tailing foamed glass.On the one hand, foamed glass is a kind of energy-saving material with excellent thermal insulation, on the other hand, it can realize the reuse of tailings, protect the environment, and have good social and economic benefits.The chemical composition and mineral phase composition of iron tailings are analyzed by fluorescence analysis and X-ray diffraction. The results show that the main mineral components of iron tailings are potassium albite, clay, quartz and hematite.The content of potassium albite and clay is more.The results of high temperature behavior of iron tailings show that a large number of melt phases appear in the tailings at 1100 擄C, and the viscosity decreases sharply. The results of TG-DSC show that the formation temperature of the melt phase is above 800 擄C.On this basis, the iron tailings foamed glass was prepared by adding 1wt%Si C powder with 24.5 wt% iron tailings and 74.5 wt% waste glass plate as the main raw materials. The structure and properties of the iron tailings foamed glass were studied. It was found that the pore size distribution of the prepared foamed glass was uniform.The volume density, compressive strength and water absorption increased with the increase of foaming temperature, but the porosity showed the opposite trend. The study of foaming process showed that the reaction of high temperature SiC particles with glass phase was also one of the main ways to produce gas.The reaction between potassium albite phase and glass melt in iron tailings is the main reason for the low foaming temperature, and the unreacted particles in the tailings also play a role in stabilizing foaming.The content of iron tailings was set to 20 wt2 and 30 wt% and 50 WT, respectively. The foaming temperature range of different tailing samples was detected by means of shape change and TG-DSC technique during the heating process of the samples.The results show that the increase of iron tailings content leads to the increase of foaming temperature, and the volume density and compressive strength of foamed glass with different tailings content decrease at first and then increase with the increase of foaming temperature.At the same time, the increase of tailings content leads to a further widening of the pore size range, a large number of connected pores and large pore size, and the phase analysis further indicates that the temperature rise is helpful to the reaction between tailings and high temperature melts.On the basis of this experiment, the high content iron tailings foamed glass was obtained by introducing 7.5 wt% borax. The results showed that the foaming temperature of iron tailings foamed glass with different content was greatly decreased by the introduction of borax.With the increase of foaming temperature, the volume density and compressive strength remained unchanged, the pore size distribution was wider, a large number of pores of different shapes appeared, and the number of connected pores and large pores was more.On the basis of this, high content iron tailings foam ceramics were prepared, the pore size distribution of the products was more uniform, and the composite products of the same curtain wall had a good application prospect.
【學位授予單位】：陜西科技大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TQ171.722

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