本文選題：微生物燃料電池　切入點：膜生物反應(yīng)器　出處：《浙江大學(xué)》2016年博士論文

【摘要】：水資源和能源短缺是當(dāng)今世界面臨的兩個主要挑戰(zhàn)。對于廢水處理工藝而言,在去除污染物和獲取清潔水的同時,回收廢水中有機物所蘊含的能源,具有非常重大的意義。微生物燃料電池(MFC)是一種通過微生物的催化氧化還原反應(yīng)將廢水中有機物的化學(xué)能直接轉(zhuǎn)化為電能的新技術(shù),已成為環(huán)境和能源領(lǐng)域的研究熱點之一。但是目前的MFC大都采用非生物陰極,并且必須要用質(zhì)子交換膜(PEM)隔開MFC的陽極室和陰極室,但其價格較貴、易被污染。同時MFC可以被看做是生物膜反應(yīng)器,相比于溶解性有機物的去除,對顆粒性污染物去除效果不好,因此處理效率不高、出水水質(zhì)差。這些因素都大大限制了MFC的實際推廣應(yīng)用。本論文開發(fā)了一種新型溢流式MFC,因其采用生物陰極,并利用反應(yīng)器流態(tài)而不需要PEM,降低了反應(yīng)器成本。考慮到溢流式MFC對顆粒性污染物去除效果不好,進一步開發(fā)出一種新型溢流式MFC-MBR耦合系統(tǒng),兼?zhèn)淞四ど锓磻?yīng)器(MBR)的高效截留及選擇性分離和MFC產(chǎn)能的優(yōu)點,展現(xiàn)了良好的產(chǎn)電性能和污染物去除效果。最后提出了溢流式MFC-MBR耦合系統(tǒng)利用不銹鋼網(wǎng)生物陰極產(chǎn)生的電能原位抑制膜污染的新思路,并探討了其機制。主要結(jié)論如下：1、開發(fā)了一種新型溢流式MFC并評價了其運行性能。該系統(tǒng)能夠有效阻斷氧氣從陰極室向陽極室的擴散,保障陽極室的厭氧環(huán)境,同時通過廢水從陽極室溢流至陰極室而傳遞質(zhì)子。試驗結(jié)果表明：該系統(tǒng)最大功率密度達到了697mW/m3,對COD、氨氮和總氮的去除率分別為94.9%、97.1%和73.8%,同時對陰陽兩極室微生物群落結(jié)構(gòu)分析表明電化學(xué)活性細菌富集在電極上并被電流激發(fā),參與到系統(tǒng)的產(chǎn)電或者污染物的去除。2、開發(fā)了一種新型溢流式MFC-MBR耦合系統(tǒng)并評價了其運行性能。該系統(tǒng)的不銹鋼網(wǎng)和其表面形成的生物膜起到了過濾網(wǎng)和生物陰極的雙重作用,實現(xiàn)了系統(tǒng)良好的出水水質(zhì)和能源回收。試驗結(jié)果表明：該系統(tǒng)最大功率密度達到了629 mW/m3,廢水出水濁度1天之內(nèi)就由20.3 NTU降到了2.53 NTU,對COD、氨氮和總氮的去除率分別為99.2%、99.5%和84.9%,同時對不銹鋼網(wǎng)生物陰極微生物群落結(jié)果分析表明生物膜上的反硝化細菌可能是電化學(xué)活性細菌或者是被電流所激發(fā),富集在不銹鋼網(wǎng)表面的生物膜里,并接納通過Lactococcus電子傳輸中介體傳輸過來的電子。3、提出了溢流式MFC-MBR耦合系統(tǒng)膜污染原位抑制的新思路�？疾炝嗽撓到y(tǒng)的膜污染特性和污泥混合液性質(zhì)的變化,試驗結(jié)果表明：該系統(tǒng)的膜污染速率大大降低；在產(chǎn)生的電場、電流對微生物的刺激以及生成的H202共同作用影響下,其陰極室污泥混合液的Zeta電位降低、污泥顆粒較大粒徑分布、胞外聚合物(EPS)與溶解性微生物產(chǎn)物(SMP)含量的減少以及SMPp/SMPc的提高。論文還探討膜污染原位抑制機制,分析表明不銹鋼網(wǎng)生物陰極附近產(chǎn)生的電場可以減少污泥顆粒在其表面的沉積,并通過生成的H202可以去除沉積在膜表面的阻塞物,同時,產(chǎn)生的電場、電流對微生物的刺激以及生成的H202會改變污泥的性質(zhì),延緩了膜污染的發(fā)生。
[Abstract]:The shortage of water resources and energy are the two major challenges facing the world today. For the wastewater treatment process, the removal of pollutants and access to clean water and contained organic wastewater recycling energy, it has a very important significance. The microbial fuel cell (MFC) is a kind of chemical organic matter in wastewater can the new technology directly into electrical energy by catalytic oxidation of microbial reductive reaction has become one of the hot issues in the field of environment and energy. But most of the current MFC by non biological cathode, and must use proton exchange membranes (PEM) separated from the anode chamber and a cathode chamber MFC, but the price is expensive, easy to be at the same time. The pollution of MFC can be seen as biofilm reactor, compared to the removal of dissolved organic matter, the removal effect is not good for particulate pollutants, so the processing efficiency is not high, poor water quality. These factors are. For the practical application of MFC. This paper developed a new type of overflow type MFC, because of the use of bio cathode, and the flow pattern of the reactor without the need for PEM, reduce the reactor cost. Considering the overflow type MFC of particulate pollutant removal effect is not good, the further development of a new type of overflow type MFC-MBR the coupling system, both the membrane bioreactor (MBR) has the advantages of high efficiency and selectivity and MFC interception capacity, show the electricity production performance and pollutant removal effect is good. Finally, the overflow of MFC-MBR coupling system using stainless steel net bio cathode of power in situ suppression of membrane fouling, and discusses the the mechanism. The main conclusions are as follows: 1, the development of a new type of overflow type MFC and its operation performance evaluation. The system can effectively block the oxygen diffusion electrode chamber from the cathode chamber Xiangyang, anaerobic anode protection ring At the same time through the environment, waste water from the anode chamber to cathode chamber and overflow proton transfer. The experimental results show that the maximum power density reached 697mW/m3, COD, ammonia nitrogen and total nitrogen removal rates were 94.9%, 97.1% and 73.8%, at the same time on microbial community structure in the Yin and Yang room analysis shows that the electrochemical activity of electrode in the enrichment of bacteria and by current excitation, involved in the removal of.2 to the system of electricity production or pollutants, the development of a new type overflow type MFC-MBR coupling system and its operation performance and evaluation. The system of stainless steel mesh and the surface of biofilm formation plays a dual role of biological filter and cathode, achieve good system water and energy recovery. The experimental results show that the maximum power density reached 629 mW/m3, the effluent turbidity within 1 days decreased from 20.3 NTU to 2.53 NTU, COD, ammonia nitrogen and total nitrogen The removal rates were 99.2%, 99.5% and 84.9%, while the stainless steel net bio cathode microbial community analysis results show that biofilm denitrifying bacteria could be electrochemically active bacteria or is inspired by the current enrichment in the biofilm surface of stainless steel net, and accepted through electronic.3 Lactococcus electron transfer mediator transmitted and put forward the new idea of inhibition of the in situ overflow type MFC-MBR system for membrane fouling was studied. The changes of membrane fouling characteristics and sludge properties of the system, the experimental results show that the membrane fouling rate is greatly reduced; the electric field generated by the current, influence on microbial stimulation and interaction generated under H202 Zeta, the potential cathode chamber of sludge mixed liquor decreased, sludge particle size distribution of larger particles, extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) and soluble microbial products (SMP) and the decreased S The increase of MPp/SMPc. This paper also discusses the membrane pollution in situ suppression mechanism, analysis shows that the electric field produced near the stainless steel net biological cathode can reduce the amount of sludge particles deposited on its surface, and the generated H202 can remove the deposited on the membrane surface of the block, at the same time, the electric field will change the current properties of sludge on microbial stimulation and the generated H202, delaying the membrane pollution.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：浙江大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：X703;TM911.45

【參考文獻】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前7條

1 李海紅;巴琦s，

本文編號：1704727