本文選題：泡沫混凝土　切入點(diǎn)：煤矸石　出處：《哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：泡沫混凝土是一種新型輕質(zhì)建筑材料,具有優(yōu)良的保溫、隔熱、隔音、耐火以及抗震性能,非常適合用來作為隔墻、填充材料來使用。隨著裝配式建筑行業(yè)的快速發(fā)展,采用中等密度等級泡沫混凝土實(shí)現(xiàn)大型建筑隔墻的工廠化預(yù)制生產(chǎn)具有較大發(fā)展?jié)摿�。而煤矸石作為一種采煤廢棄物,其大量堆積引起的環(huán)境污染越來越嚴(yán)重,需要尋找新的回收利用煤矸石的途徑。因此,本課題通過摻加過火煤矸石粉制備中等密度等級泡沫混凝土,具有重要的社會與環(huán)境效益。首先以普通水泥砂漿為基礎(chǔ)制備了不同密度等級的泡沫混凝土,并研究了漿體流變性對泡沫穩(wěn)定性的影響以及體積密度與強(qiáng)度之間的關(guān)系等。結(jié)果表明,泡沫混凝土的流動性隨減水劑摻量的增加而增大;相同灰砂比和水灰比時(shí),泡沫混凝土的體積密度隨泡沫的體積摻量呈線性降低趨勢,灰砂比為1:2、1:1.5和1:1時(shí),當(dāng)泡沫摻量范圍分別為48%~57%、46%~54%和48%~55%時(shí),可制得體積密度為1000kg/m3~1200kg/m3的泡沫混凝土;隨著泡沫混凝土體積密度的增加,灰砂比為1:2和1:1.5時(shí),各齡期的強(qiáng)度呈指數(shù)型增長;灰砂比為1:1時(shí),呈線性增長。在普通水泥砂漿制備泡沫混凝土的基礎(chǔ)上,通過調(diào)整粉磨時(shí)間制備了不同細(xì)度的煤矸石粉,研究了其不同摻量對泡沫混凝土性能的影響。結(jié)果表明,粉磨45min的煤矸石粉細(xì)度和水泥相當(dāng);煤矸石粉的摻入不利于泡沫混凝土的流動,但可以增加砂粒和氣泡的穩(wěn)定性;摻煤矸石泡沫混凝土的體積密度隨煤矸石摻量增加而降低,強(qiáng)度隨煤矸石粉摻量增加顯著降低,隨煤矸石粉活性的增加而提高。最后研究了蒸汽養(yǎng)護(hù)對摻煤矸石泡沫混凝土強(qiáng)度的影響以及用XRD分析了其水化產(chǎn)物。結(jié)果表明,預(yù)養(yǎng)護(hù)8h后的摻煤矸石泡沫混凝土合適的蒸養(yǎng)溫度為40oC;蒸汽養(yǎng)護(hù)可顯著提高摻煤矸石泡沫混凝土的1d強(qiáng)度,蒸養(yǎng)18h的1d強(qiáng)度可達(dá)3MPa,對7d和28d強(qiáng)度影響不大。相對于自然養(yǎng)護(hù),蒸養(yǎng)下1d樣品中含有較多Ca(OH)2和較少SiO2,說明蒸養(yǎng)可促進(jìn)水泥水化和火山灰反應(yīng)的進(jìn)程;28d齡期的摻煤矸石泡沫混凝土中Ca(OH)2含量明顯降低,CaCO3含量明顯增加,此時(shí)試件中進(jìn)行了較多的火山灰反應(yīng)和碳化反應(yīng);而活性較低的煤矸石粉參與火山灰反應(yīng)較緩慢,28d樣品中Ca(OH)2含量較多。
[Abstract]:Foamed concrete is a new type of lightweight building material with excellent insulation, insulation, sound insulation, fire resistance and seismic resistance. It is very suitable for use as partition wall, filling material, and with the rapid development of assembly construction industry, It has great development potential to use medium density grade foam concrete to realize the industrial prefabrication of partition wall of large building. As a kind of coal mining waste, the environmental pollution caused by mass accumulation of coal gangue is becoming more and more serious. It is necessary to find a new way to recycle coal gangue. Therefore, in this paper, the medium density grade foamed concrete is prepared by adding excessive coal gangue powder. It has important social and environmental benefits. Firstly, foam concrete with different density grades is prepared on the basis of ordinary cement mortar. The effect of rheology on foam stability and the relationship between bulk density and strength are studied. The results show that the fluidity of foamed concrete increases with the increase of water reducer content, and when the ratio of cement to sand is the same as the ratio of water to cement, The volume density of foamed concrete decreases linearly with the volume content of foam. When the ratio of lime to sand is 1: 2: 1: 1.5 and 1:1, the volume density of foamed concrete can be obtained when the volume ratio of foam is 48 ~ 5746% and 48 ~ 5555%, respectively, and the volume density of foam concrete is 1000kg/m3~1200kg/m3. With the increase of bulk density of foamed concrete, the strength of each age increases exponentially when the ratio of lime to sand is 1:2 and 1: 1.5, and linearly when the ratio of lime to sand is 1:1. Coal gangue powder with different fineness was prepared by adjusting grinding time, and the effect of different content of coal gangue powder on the properties of foamed concrete was studied. The results show that the fineness of coal gangue powder of grinding 45min is equal to that of cement. The mixing of coal gangue powder is unfavorable to the flow of foamed concrete, but it can increase the stability of sand and bubble, the volume density of coal gangue foam concrete decreases with the increase of coal gangue content, and the strength decreases with the increase of coal gangue powder content. The effect of steam curing on the strength of coal gangue foamed concrete and the hydration products were analyzed by XRD. The suitable steaming temperature of foamed concrete mixed with coal gangue is 40oC after 8 hours of pre-curing, and the 1d strength of foamed concrete mixed with coal gangue can be significantly increased by steam curing, and the strength of foamed concrete by steam curing for 18h can reach 3MPa, which has little effect on the strength of 7d and 28d. More Ca(OH)2 and less Sio _ 2 were found in the samples after 1 d of steam culture, which indicated that the process of steaming can promote the hydration of cement and the reaction of pozzolanic ash. The content of Ca(OH)2 in coal gangue foamed concrete with 28 d age obviously decreased and the content of Caco _ 3 increased obviously. At this time, more pozzolanic reaction and carbonation reaction were carried out in the samples, and the Ca(OH)2 content in the samples with lower activity of coal gangue involved in the slow reaction of pozzolanic ash was more than 28 days.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TU528.2

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