本文選題：含阻系統(tǒng)　切入點(diǎn)：多級(jí)孔板　出處：《浙江大學(xué)》2016年博士論文

【摘要】：多孔板是管路系統(tǒng)中進(jìn)行壓力和流動(dòng)調(diào)節(jié)、水力空化和吸聲降噪的重要元件,對(duì)滿(mǎn)足系統(tǒng)特定操作條件、保護(hù)設(shè)備與系統(tǒng)的安全穩(wěn)定具有重要意義。隨著國(guó)家重大工程的建設(shè)與發(fā)展,傳統(tǒng)管路系統(tǒng)已不能滿(mǎn)足復(fù)雜工況下的安全穩(wěn)定運(yùn)行要求；利用多孔板作為管路系統(tǒng)的外加組成元件,可起到對(duì)管路系統(tǒng)的壓力與流量控制、水力空化和吸聲降噪等作用。尤其在國(guó)際社會(huì)對(duì)節(jié)能環(huán)保越來(lái)越關(guān)注、國(guó)家政策對(duì)于先進(jìn)制造越來(lái)越重視的背景下,開(kāi)展對(duì)孔板、閥門(mén)和換熱器等流動(dòng)分析具有重要的科學(xué)意義與工程價(jià)值。本文在浙江省重大科技專(zhuān)項(xiàng)“極端工況下高效節(jié)能減溫減壓技術(shù)及裝置的研制與應(yīng)用”(2012C11018-1)、“抗污染超濾技術(shù)在海水淡化預(yù)處理中的研究與應(yīng)用”(2012C13009)和“流程工業(yè)高效節(jié)能技術(shù)與綠色裝備”浙江省重點(diǎn)創(chuàng)新團(tuán)隊(duì)項(xiàng)目(2011R50005)的支持下,通過(guò)數(shù)值模擬與實(shí)驗(yàn)方法,對(duì)多孔板的流動(dòng)及其典型工業(yè)應(yīng)用進(jìn)行了研究分析。主要研究?jī)?nèi)容和成果有：首先,建立了多孔板在管路中的含阻系統(tǒng)模型。從系統(tǒng)分析方法入手,對(duì)彈簧滑塊系統(tǒng)、直流電路系統(tǒng)、流場(chǎng)壓降系統(tǒng)和平板傳熱熱阻系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行了分析研究,并對(duì)計(jì)算流體力學(xué)、場(chǎng)協(xié)同分析和實(shí)驗(yàn)分析三種流動(dòng)分析方法進(jìn)行了闡述；提出了含阻系統(tǒng)的概念,即其是一種系統(tǒng)分析方法,由阻元、過(guò)體和勢(shì)頭三個(gè)部分組成,可直接建立阻元對(duì)于勢(shì)頭的影響關(guān)系；結(jié)果表明采用其開(kāi)展基于孔板結(jié)構(gòu)的性能預(yù)測(cè)具有一定準(zhǔn)確性。其次,建立了單級(jí)孔板的數(shù)值模型,開(kāi)展了單相流和兩相流分析,將典型模型與現(xiàn)有的文獻(xiàn)結(jié)果進(jìn)行對(duì)比驗(yàn)證,分析了孔板的孔板厚度、開(kāi)孔率、中心孔和孔間距對(duì)于阻力特性和空化特性的影響；結(jié)果表明：開(kāi)孔率對(duì)孔板的壓降水平表現(xiàn)敏感,中心孔的存在可使壓降水平下降約10%；出口壓力較小時(shí)更容易發(fā)生空化；含阻系統(tǒng)的分析方法可較好分析開(kāi)孔率等不同參數(shù)下的孔板壓降水平等。再之,建立了多級(jí)孔板的數(shù)值模型,開(kāi)展了阻力和氣動(dòng)特性分析,研究了兩級(jí)孔板板間距、相同總空間下的多級(jí)孔板、兩級(jí)孔板中心孔偏心和兩級(jí)孔板旋轉(zhuǎn)錯(cuò)位等對(duì)阻力特性和氣動(dòng)特性的影響；結(jié)果表明：當(dāng)板間距增大到一定程度后壓降不再上升；在相同空間下的多孔板結(jié)構(gòu)板間距與壓降水平在同一速度下成線(xiàn)性關(guān)系；偏心度較大時(shí)最大馬赫數(shù)較高；旋轉(zhuǎn)錯(cuò)位角較小時(shí)流動(dòng)的影響范圍較廣；含阻系統(tǒng)的分析方法可對(duì)偏心距和旋轉(zhuǎn)錯(cuò)位問(wèn)題的壓降特性等進(jìn)行分析。最后,針對(duì)先導(dǎo)式截止閥、化工生產(chǎn)后處理過(guò)程集成裝備蜂窩夾套、含多級(jí)孔板的減溫減壓裝置等三種含孔板結(jié)構(gòu)的典型工業(yè)裝備進(jìn)行了研究。(1)對(duì)先導(dǎo)式截止閥的閥芯處的流動(dòng)特征進(jìn)行了數(shù)值分析,并用實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果進(jìn)行了驗(yàn)證；對(duì)不同孔結(jié)構(gòu)下的流動(dòng)和汽蝕特性進(jìn)行了研究,提出了基于含阻系統(tǒng)分析方法的先導(dǎo)式截止閥閥芯孔結(jié)構(gòu)的設(shè)計(jì)方法。(2)對(duì)化工生產(chǎn)后處理過(guò)程集成裝備中蜂窩夾套換熱器進(jìn)行了數(shù)值分析,并用實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果進(jìn)行了驗(yàn)證；對(duì)不同的孔分布情況下的傳熱與壓降特性進(jìn)行了分析,提出了基于含阻系統(tǒng)的蜂窩夾套換熱器的孔分布設(shè)計(jì)方法。(3)對(duì)減溫減壓裝置中多孔板的應(yīng)用進(jìn)行了研究,對(duì)多級(jí)孔板的馬赫數(shù)和多級(jí)減壓情況進(jìn)行了數(shù)值分析,提出了應(yīng)用含阻系統(tǒng)思維的減壓閥內(nèi)多級(jí)減壓孔板的設(shè)計(jì)方法。結(jié)果表明：在含孔板結(jié)構(gòu)的三種典型工業(yè)裝備中,含阻系統(tǒng)的分析方法可較好地指導(dǎo)結(jié)構(gòu)優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)。此外,本文還提出了帶手輪的兩級(jí)孔板調(diào)壓裝置、螺旋錯(cuò)位型兩級(jí)穩(wěn)壓孔板裝置、可用于管路多級(jí)壓力調(diào)節(jié)的孔板法蘭、帶波紋通道孔板的微通道板式換熱器等新型多孔板或含多孔板的結(jié)構(gòu)裝置,作為含孔板結(jié)構(gòu)裝置的創(chuàng)新設(shè)計(jì)探索。
[Abstract]:The porous plate is the pressure and flow regulation of the pipeline system, the important components of hydraulic cavitation and noise, to meet the specific operating conditions, has important significance to protect safety and stability of equipment and systems. With the construction and development of major national projects, the traditional pipeline system can not meet the requirements of the safe and stable operation of the complex condition; the use of porous plate as external piping system components, can play the pressure and flow control of the pipeline system, hydraulic cavitation and noise effect. Especially in the international community more and more attention to energy saving and environmental protection, the national policy more and more attention to the advanced manufacturing background, carried out on the valve plate, and a heat exchanger flow analysis has important scientific significance and engineering value. In this paper, in Zhejiang Province, a major science and technology projects, energy efficient under extreme conditions of temperature and pressure reduction technique and device The development and application "(2012C11018-1), anti pollution of ultrafiltration technology in research and application in the pretreatment of seawater desalination (2012C13009)" and "process industry high efficient energy saving technology and green equipment" Zhejiang province key innovation team project (2011R50005) support, simulation and experimental methods of value through the analysis of the number. The porous plate flow and its application in the typical industry. The main research contents and results are as follows: firstly, water resistance system model of porous plate in the pipeline. Based on the system analysis method of spring slider system, DC system, flow pressure drop and heat transfer resistance plate system system is analyzed, and the calculation of fluid mechanics and expounds the field synergy analysis and experimental analysis of three kinds of flow analysis method; put forward the concept of system which contains the resistance, is a system analysis method, the resistance element, a body and a momentum of three Parts can be directly set for momentum impact resistance element; the results show that the use of the performance of orifice structure based prediction has certain accuracy. Secondly, a numerical model of single stage orifice, the single-phase flow and two-phase flow analysis, the typical model and the existing literature results were verified. Orifice plate thickness analysis, porosity, impact resistance and Kong Hekong center spacing for the cavitation characteristics; the results show that the opening rate of pressure drop in horizontal hole plate sensitive, center hole can make the pressure drop levels decreased by about 10% hours; the pressure of the outlet is more prone to cavitation; analysis method drag system can be used to effectively investigate the opening rate of different parameters of the orifice pressure drop level. Then, set up a numerical model of multistage orifice, the resistance and aerodynamic characteristics analysis, studied two orifices Multistage orifice plate spacing, the same total space under the influence of grade two hole plate central hole and two hole plate rotating eccentric displacement on the dynamic characteristics and resistance characteristics; the results show that when the plate spacing increases to a certain extent drop no longer rise; in the same space structure in porous plate spacing and voltage level a linear relationship at the same speed; larger eccentricity when the maximum Maher number is higher; the influence range of rotation angle is smaller than the dislocation flow; analysis system of resistance with eccentricity and rotation malposition of the pressure drop characteristics were analyzed. Then, according to the pilot type valve, chemical production postprocessing the process of integration of equipment honeycomb jacket, with multistage orifice temperature reducing device and other three kinds of plates with holes structure of the typical industrial equipment were studied. (1) the flow characteristics of the spool pilot valve is numerically Analyzed and verified with the experimental results; flow and cavitation characteristics of different pore structure were studied. The proposed pilot analysis method with vibration system based on valve spool hole structure design method. (2) of chemical production equipment in the postprocessing process integrated honeycomb jacket heat exchanger was carried out numerical analysis, and verified with the experimental results; on the heat transfer and pressure drop characteristics of different pore distribution are analyzed, puts forward the design method of distribution system containing resistance honeycomb jacket heat exchanger based on hole. (3) the application of temperature reducing device in porous plate is studied, the Maher number and the multi-stage vacuum multistage orifice was studied by numerical analysis, puts forward the design method of the valve with resistance of system thinking in multistage decompression orifice. The results showed that: in the three typical industrial equipment with hole plate structure, containing The analysis method of resistance system can better guide the structure optimization design. In addition, this paper also put forward the pressure regulating device two orifices with handwheel and screw dislocation type two stage stabilized orifice device which can be used for multi-stage pressure regulating orifice flange pipe, new porous plate micro channel heat exchanger with corrugated plate channel of or containing porous plate structure, as the innovative design of plate with holes structure exploration.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：浙江大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TQ021.1

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