本文選題：氧化鋅　切入點(diǎn)：納米復(fù)合物　出處：《安徽大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：由于ZnO具有良好的光電性質(zhì)及電子轉(zhuǎn)移行為,在許多領(lǐng)域有廣泛的應(yīng)用前景,如氣體傳感器、催化劑、發(fā)光二極管、光電探測器、陶瓷、場致發(fā)光電設(shè)備,場效應(yīng)晶體管以及太陽能電池。人們已合成不同形貌的納米ZnO,如：納米顆粒、納米線、納米棒、納米花狀以及納米片,并且研究了其在染料敏化太陽能電池中的應(yīng)用。近年來,如何提高太陽能的利用率引起了廣泛關(guān)注,制備了一系列太陽能電池電極新材料。本論文在合成ZnO納米顆粒和ZnO納米薄片的基礎(chǔ)上,利用提拉涂覆法和電化學(xué)沉積法,制備多種復(fù)合薄膜。利用掃描電子顯微鏡(SEM)、透射電子顯微鏡(TEM)、X-射線衍射儀(XRD)對所得復(fù)合薄膜進(jìn)行表征,并且研究各種薄膜的光電轉(zhuǎn)換性質(zhì),探討復(fù)合薄膜在太陽能電池中的應(yīng)用。論文最后研究了魯米諾的電化學(xué)發(fā)光行為及ZnO對電化學(xué)發(fā)光的影響。主要研究內(nèi)容如下：1.電化學(xué)還原法一步制ZnO/Se/RGO復(fù)合薄膜及光電轉(zhuǎn)換性質(zhì)的研究利用導(dǎo)電玻璃為工作電極、鉑片為對電極、飽和甘汞電極為參比電極,在恒電位下,一步電化學(xué)沉積法制備ZnO/Se/RGO復(fù)合薄膜。利用X-射線衍射儀、掃描電子顯微鏡、紫外-可見分光光度計(jì)對所得復(fù)合薄膜進(jìn)行表征。結(jié)果表明：片層的ZnO、珊瑚狀的Se與還原氧化石墨烯(RGO)三者均勻地復(fù)合在一起。對所得復(fù)合薄膜的光電轉(zhuǎn)換性質(zhì)及機(jī)理進(jìn)行了詳細(xì)研究,通過在KI溶液中加入H202,探討電解質(zhì)體系對光電轉(zhuǎn)換性質(zhì)的影響。結(jié)果表明：復(fù)合薄膜較之單體薄膜具有更好的光電轉(zhuǎn)換性質(zhì),最佳的電解質(zhì)體系(即KI-I2溶液)可以使光電轉(zhuǎn)換電流強(qiáng)度提高一倍以上。由于ZnO/Se/RGO復(fù)合薄膜具有優(yōu)良光電化學(xué)活性,在可見光輻射下可以產(chǎn)生強(qiáng)而穩(wěn)定的光電流,因此可以用作太陽能電池材料。2. ZnO/Au/TiO2納米復(fù)合薄膜的制備及光電化學(xué)活性以含有Au和ZnO納米顆粒的氫氧化鈦溶膠作為成膜液,通過浸漬-提拉及灼燒處理,在導(dǎo)電玻璃表面制備Zn0/Au/TiO2復(fù)合薄膜。利用X-射線衍射儀、掃描電子顯微鏡等方法對所得產(chǎn)物進(jìn)行表征。結(jié)果表明,Au和ZnO納米顆粒均勻地分布在多孔Ti02薄膜上。測試結(jié)果表明,通過TiO2、ZnO和Au三組分的協(xié)同效應(yīng)促進(jìn)了光吸收和光生電荷分離,使ZnO/Au/TiO2復(fù)合薄膜在可見光下具有較好的光電轉(zhuǎn)換性質(zhì),可用作太陽能電池材料。3.基于玻碳電極的魯米諾電化學(xué)發(fā)光分析采用循環(huán)伏安技術(shù),系統(tǒng)地研究了魯米諾在玻碳電極上的電化學(xué)發(fā)光行為,通過一系列實(shí)驗(yàn),探討了可能的電化學(xué)發(fā)光機(jī)理及影響因素,包括ZnO對魯米諾電化學(xué)發(fā)光行為的影響。結(jié)果表明,通過調(diào)節(jié)電位掃描范圍可以有效地增強(qiáng)魯米諾的電化學(xué)發(fā)光強(qiáng)度,提高發(fā)光穩(wěn)定性。基于魯米諾在所選電位范圍內(nèi)強(qiáng)而穩(wěn)定的ECl發(fā)光性質(zhì),建立了一種簡便的電化學(xué)發(fā)光分析方法,并將其用于檢測Cu2+和多巴胺,取得了令人滿意的結(jié)果。
[Abstract]:Because of its good photoelectric properties and electron transfer behavior, ZnO has been widely used in many fields, such as gas sensors, catalysts, light-emitting diodes, photodetectors, ceramics, and field-induced photovoltaic devices. Field effect transistors and solar cells. Nanocrystalline ZnO with different morphologies, such as nanocrystalline particles, nanowires, nanorods, nanorods and nanochips have been synthesized, and their applications in dye sensitized solar cells have been studied in recent years. How to improve the utilization rate of solar energy has attracted much attention and a series of new solar cell electrode materials have been prepared. Based on the synthesis of ZnO nanoparticles and ZnO nanocrystals, the method of Czochralski coating and electrochemical deposition was used. Various composite films were prepared. The composite films were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and the photoelectric conversion properties of the films were studied. The application of composite film in solar cells was discussed. Finally, the electroluminescence behavior of Lumino and the effect of ZnO on electroluminescence were studied. The main research contents are as follows: 1. Electrochemical reduction method to prepare ZnO/Se/RGO composite film. And the study of the photoelectric conversion properties, using conductive glass as the working electrode, ZnO/Se/RGO composite thin films were prepared by one step electrochemical deposition at constant potential with platinum sheet as opposite electrode and saturated calomel electrode as reference electrode. X-ray diffractometer and scanning electron microscope were used to prepare ZnO/Se/RGO composite film. The ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometer was used to characterize the composite films. The results showed that the ZnO, the coral-like se and the reduced graphene oxide RGOwere uniformly mixed together. The photoelectric conversion properties of the composite films were also studied. And the mechanism is studied in detail. The effect of electrolyte system on the photoelectric conversion properties was investigated by adding H202.The results show that the composite films have better photoelectric conversion properties than monomers. The optimal electrolyte system (i.e. KI-I2 solution) can double the current intensity of photoelectric conversion. Because the ZnO/Se/RGO composite film has excellent photochemical activity, it can produce strong and stable photocurrent under visible light radiation. Therefore, it can be used as solar cell material. 2. Preparation and photochemical activity of ZnO/Au/TiO2 nanocomposite film. Titanium hydroxide sol containing au and ZnO nanoparticles is used as film-forming solution, which is treated by impregnation, Czochralski and burning. Zn0/Au/TiO2 composite films were prepared on the surface of conductive glass. The products were characterized by X-ray diffractometer and scanning electron microscopy. The results showed that au and ZnO nanoparticles were uniformly distributed on porous Ti02 films. Through the synergistic effect of TiO2ZnO and au, the photoabsorption and photocharge separation are promoted, and the ZnO/Au/TiO2 composite films have better photoelectric conversion properties under visible light. Luminol electroluminescence analysis based on glassy carbon electrode. The electroluminescence behavior of luminol on glassy carbon electrode was systematically studied by cyclic voltammetry. The possible electrochemiluminescence mechanism and its influencing factors, including the effect of ZnO on the luminol electroluminescence behavior, were discussed. The results showed that the electroluminescence intensity of the luminol could be effectively enhanced by adjusting the range of potential scanning. Based on the strong and stable luminescence properties of ECl in the selected potential range, a simple electrochemical luminescence analysis method was established and applied to the detection of Cu2 and dopamine with satisfactory results.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：安徽大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TQ132.41;TB383.2

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本文編號：1676748