本文選題：金紅石二氧化鈦　切入點(diǎn)：納米　出處：《杭州電子科技大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：過去的幾十年年中,隨著科技的持續(xù)發(fā)展,人們對(duì)環(huán)境資源等也帶來了破壞,水污染問題日趨嚴(yán)重反復(fù)引起公眾關(guān)注。環(huán)境以及能源等問題顯然以及成為21世紀(jì)的首要解決的重大問題之一。而近年來光催化技術(shù)逐漸被人們重視,光催化指的是半導(dǎo)體在一定波長的光照下,發(fā)生載流子的分離同時(shí)產(chǎn)生光生電子以及空穴并且和溶液中的離子生成含有氧化性或者還原性的活性自由基,這些物質(zhì)能夠很有效的將水中的很多有機(jī)物降解成為二氧化鈦和水等物質(zhì),這樣就起到了污水處理為作用。由于光催化的方法非常環(huán)保無二次污染,且效率很高,成為當(dāng)下環(huán)境治理問題的新方向。而選擇性光催化是光催化劑的特性之一,也是研究的的難點(diǎn)之一,因其既可以對(duì)于普通情況的污染物進(jìn)行降解同時(shí)也具備了污染物的選擇性降解的特點(diǎn),對(duì)于這方面的研究并不是很多。所以對(duì)如何利用納米二氧化鈦進(jìn)行高效的光催化以及探究其在選擇性方面的特點(diǎn)具有很高的研究價(jià)值。由于二氧化鈦是過渡金屬氧化物且無毒無害并且催化效率很高,化學(xué)穩(wěn)定性好是一種理想的光催化材料。本文的研究主要是圍繞金紅石型納米二氧化鈦的制備和其光催化性能和選擇性光催化的性能的研究展開的。在二氧化鈦的三種形態(tài)中銳鈦礦和金紅石的催化性能較好,而對(duì)金紅石的研究比較少,尤其是對(duì)于{111}暴露面金紅石納米二氧化鈦的研究更為稀少,本課題采用了水熱法通過鈦酸四丁酯Ti(OBu)4混合Na F,HCl的方法制備得到了{(lán)111}暴露面的金紅石型二氧化鈦。并對(duì)其進(jìn)行了XRD以及SEM,TEM,HRTEM等一系列表征方式,對(duì)催化劑的形貌結(jié)構(gòu)和晶體結(jié)構(gòu)的研究。并且對(duì)其進(jìn)行了選擇性光催化甲基橙和亞甲基藍(lán)以及甲基橙和甲基紫的研究,記錄催化過程并且通過紫外分光光度計(jì)對(duì)其催化結(jié)果進(jìn)行分析。本課題研究得到了一些新的結(jié)果:我們利用水熱法制備得到了一種高純度的{111}暴露面金紅石納米二氧化鈦,在不斷調(diào)節(jié)使得其Cl-和F-是最佳濃度比例的時(shí)候獲得了大約為96%左右的{111}暴露面金紅石型的納米二氧化鈦。經(jīng)過試驗(yàn)驗(yàn)證了其光催化的活性是{110}暴露面的金紅石的三倍左右,有著比較高的光催化效率。確定了它的確有著更高的光催化性能相比{110}暴露面的金紅石而言。而最關(guān)鍵的高光催化性能的因素可能是{111}暴露面中含有更多的不飽和O2c。同我們對(duì)其的選擇性光催化的特性也做了研究,實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明,金紅石納米二氧化鈦對(duì)于甲基橙和亞甲基藍(lán)的選擇性較弱,但是在甲基橙和甲基紫之間表現(xiàn)出較強(qiáng)的選擇性,優(yōu)先降解甲基紫。
[Abstract]:In the last few decades, with the continuous development of science and technology, people have also caused damage to the environment and resources. The problem of water pollution is becoming more and more serious. The problems of environment and energy are obviously one of the most important problems to be solved in the 21st century. In recent years, photocatalytic technology has been paid more and more attention. Photocatalysis refers to the separation of carriers in semiconductors at certain wavelengths of light to produce photogenerated electrons and holes and to form active free radicals containing oxidizing or reductive properties with ions in the solution. These substances can effectively degrade a lot of organic matter in the water into titanium dioxide and water and so on, and thus play a role in sewage treatment. Because the photocatalytic method is very environmentally friendly, no secondary pollution, and high efficiency, Selective photocatalysis is one of the characteristics of photocatalyst, and it is also one of the difficulties in research. Because it can not only degrade pollutants in ordinary conditions, but also have the characteristics of selective degradation of pollutants, Therefore, it is of great value to study how to use nano-TiO _ 2 as a highly efficient photocatalyst and to explore its characteristics in selectivity. Because titanium dioxide is a transition metal, it is a transition metal. The oxide is nontoxic and harmless, and the catalytic efficiency is very high. Chemical stability is an ideal photocatalytic material. This paper focuses on the preparation, photocatalytic and selective photocatalytic properties of rutile nano-TiO _ 2. Anatase and rutile have better catalytic performance. However, there are few studies on rutile, especially on {111} exposed rutile nano-TiO _ 2. In this paper, rutile titania with {111} exposed surface was prepared by hydrothermal method using tetrabutyl titanate Ti(OBu)4 mixed with Na FG HCl. It was characterized by XRD and SEMTEMHRTEM. The morphology and crystal structure of the catalyst were studied, and the selective photocatalysis of methyl orange and methylene blue and methyl orange and methyl violet were carried out. The catalytic process was recorded and the catalytic results were analyzed by UV spectrophotometer. In this paper, some new results were obtained: we prepared a high purity {111} exposed rutile nano-TiO _ 2 by hydrothermal method. About 96% of {111} exposed rutile nanocrystalline titania was obtained when the ratio of Cl- and F- was adjusted continuously. The photocatalytic activity of {111} exposed rutile was about three times as high as that of {110} exposed rutile. It is determined that it does have higher photocatalytic performance than rutile with {110} exposed surface. The most critical factor of photocatalytic activity may be that the {111} exposed surface contains more undersaturation. And O2c. have also done research with us on their selective photocatalytic properties, The experimental results show that the selectivity of rutile nano titanium dioxide to methyl orange and methylene blue is weak, but the selectivity between methyl orange and methyl violet is strong, and the degradation of methyl violet is preferred.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：杭州電子科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TQ134.11;O643.36

【共引文獻(xiàn)】

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