本文選題：膨潤(rùn)土　切入點(diǎn)：氧化鋁微球　出處：《合肥工業(yè)大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：膨潤(rùn)土素有“萬(wàn)能粘土”之稱,可加工成粘結(jié)劑、懸浮劑、觸變劑、催化劑等,被廣泛應(yīng)用于日化行業(yè)、化學(xué)工業(yè)、制藥等各個(gè)領(lǐng)域。近年來(lái),世界上膨潤(rùn)土的利用發(fā)展迅速,尤其是附加值高的膨潤(rùn)土產(chǎn)品得到了快速發(fā)展。本文研究了以膨潤(rùn)土制取的硫酸鋁、銨明礬和水玻璃為原料制備氧化鋁微球、超細(xì)氧化鋁和介孔二氧化硅的工藝過(guò)程,并對(duì)其生產(chǎn)過(guò)程的設(shè)備進(jìn)行選型、經(jīng)濟(jì)效益進(jìn)行估算、環(huán)保進(jìn)行分析；同時(shí)利用光學(xué)顯微鏡、XRD、SEM、FT-IR、N2吸附-脫附性能測(cè)試等手段對(duì)產(chǎn)品結(jié)構(gòu)與形貌進(jìn)行了表征。(1)實(shí)驗(yàn)確定的以膨潤(rùn)土制取的硫酸鋁為原料制備氧化鋁微球的最佳工藝條件,產(chǎn)品氧化鋁總回收率可達(dá)97%。XRD圖中可以看出產(chǎn)品主物相為a-氧化鋁,SEM圖可以看出產(chǎn)品的形貌是球形,且分散效果良好,大小為4μm。(2)實(shí)驗(yàn)確定了以膨潤(rùn)土制取的銨明礬為原料制備超細(xì)氧化鋁的最佳工藝條件,XRD圖中可以看出所有衍射峰均屬α-Al2O3,表明制備出的產(chǎn)品為單相的α-Al2O3相,SEM圖可以看出產(chǎn)品的尺寸大小為300-400 nm的超細(xì)棒狀或桿狀顆粒。(3)實(shí)驗(yàn)確定了以膨潤(rùn)土制取的水玻璃為原料制備介孔二氧化硅的最佳工藝條件,小角XRD圖中可以看出主衍射峰與介孔MCM-41材料的衍射峰相符。樣品的吸附平衡等溫線表現(xiàn)為典型的Ⅳ型等溫吸附曲線,且具有一個(gè)較小的滯后環(huán),表明制備的樣品為典型的介孔材料。(4)經(jīng)濟(jì)效益估算結(jié)果表明,由膨潤(rùn)土制備氧化鋁微球和介孔二氧化硅,可以獲得良好的經(jīng)濟(jì)效益。環(huán)保分析結(jié)果表明,該生產(chǎn)過(guò)程可以做到基本無(wú)三廢污染,是清潔生產(chǎn)工藝。
[Abstract]:Bentonite, known as "universal clay", can be processed into binders, suspensions, thixotropic agents, catalysts and so on. It has been widely used in the daily chemical industry, chemical industry, pharmaceutical and other fields. In recent years, the use of bentonite in the world has developed rapidly. Especially bentonite products with high added value have been developed rapidly. The process of preparing alumina microspheres, ultrafine alumina and mesoporous silica from bentonite, ammonium alum and sodium silicate as raw materials has been studied in this paper. The equipment of its production process is selected, the economic benefit is estimated, and the environmental protection is analyzed. At the same time, the structure and morphology of the product were characterized by means of optical microscope (XRDX SEMT-IRN 2 adsorption and desorption test). The optimum process conditions for preparing alumina microspheres from aluminum sulfate prepared from bentonite were determined. The total recovery rate of alumina can reach to 97%.XRD diagram. It can be seen that the main phase of the product is a-alumina. The morphology of the product is spherical, and the dispersion effect is good. The optimum technological conditions for the preparation of ultrafine alumina from ammonium alum made from bentonite were determined. All diffraction peaks were found to be 偽 -Al _ 2O _ 3, which indicated that the prepared product was a single-phase 偽 -Al _ 2O _ 3 phase and could be seen by SEM. The optimum technological conditions for preparing mesoporous silica from water glass made of bentonite were determined by the experiment of ultrafine rod or rod particle with the size of 300-400 nm. In the small angle XRD diagram, it can be seen that the main diffraction peak is consistent with the diffraction peak of mesoporous MCM-41 material. The adsorption equilibrium isotherm of the sample shows a typical type 鈪，

本文編號(hào)：1649149