發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-03-14 04:26

  本文選題：無限稀釋活度系數(shù)　切入點(diǎn)：無限稀釋擴(kuò)散系數(shù)　出處：《北京工業(yè)大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：滲透汽化技術(shù)具有分離效率高、低能耗等特點(diǎn),在化工分離、新能源等諸多領(lǐng)域擁有良好的應(yīng)用前景。膜材料的選擇與制備是滲透汽化技術(shù)的關(guān)鍵,根據(jù)溶解-擴(kuò)散模型,滲透汽化膜的分離性能主要取決于膜材料與待分離組分間溶解擴(kuò)散性質(zhì)的差異。深入研究小分子與聚合物間的溶解擴(kuò)散行為,將有助于滲透汽化傳質(zhì)機(jī)理的研究,同時(shí)也是一種有效的膜材料篩選的方法。反相氣相色譜技術(shù)(Inverse gas chromatography,簡(jiǎn)稱IGC)是一種能夠快速、準(zhǔn)確測(cè)定小分子與聚合物間相互作用的方法。本文利用反相氣相色譜技術(shù)測(cè)定了有機(jī)硫/聚磷腈(Polyphosphazenes,簡(jiǎn)稱POPs)體系、醇/聚醚嵌段酰胺(Polyether block amide,簡(jiǎn)稱PEBA)體系間的無限稀釋活度系數(shù)和無限稀釋擴(kuò)散系數(shù),利用以上數(shù)據(jù)指導(dǎo)膜材料的選擇和制備,解釋滲透汽化分離性能。首先測(cè)定了353.15-373.15 K下正庚烷、噻吩、2-甲基噻吩、2,5-二甲基噻吩、乙硫醚、正丁硫醇在聚三氟乙氧基磷腈(poly[bis(trifluoroethoxy)phosphazene],簡(jiǎn)稱PTFEP)和聚苯氧基磷腈(Poly[bis(phenoxy)phosphazene],簡(jiǎn)稱PBPP)中的無限稀釋活度系數(shù)和無限稀釋擴(kuò)散系數(shù)。分析了聚磷腈?zhèn)孺溔〈鶎?duì)溶解擴(kuò)散數(shù)據(jù)的影響,以及溶解擴(kuò)散行為與滲透汽化分離性能的關(guān)系。PTFEP膜優(yōu)異的脫硫性能來源于正庚烷和有機(jī)硫分子在PTFEP中較大的溶解擴(kuò)散行為的差異。苯氧基團(tuán)的引入,增大了有機(jī)硫分子在聚磷腈中的無限稀釋擴(kuò)散系數(shù),進(jìn)而增強(qiáng)了有機(jī)硫分子在PBPP中的滲透能力。此外,利用反相氣相色譜技術(shù),比較了甲醇、乙醇、正丙醇、正丁醇在PEBA2533和PEBA4033間溶解擴(kuò)散能力。優(yōu)選出PEBA2533作為滲透汽化膜材料并用于正丁醇/水體系的分離。制備了PEBA/Poly[vinylidene fluoride](PVDF)復(fù)合膜,對(duì)于1%的正丁醇水溶液,500C下,復(fù)合膜的分離因子為19.5,通量為808.5 g.m-2.h-1。為了進(jìn)一步提升膜的分離性能,制備了ZIF-8/PEBA雜化膜,當(dāng)填充量為20%,,對(duì)于1%的正丁醇水溶液,500C下,雜化膜的分離因子為24.8,通量為360.5 g.m-2.h-1。
[Abstract]:Pervaporation technology has the characteristics of high separation efficiency and low energy consumption. It has a good application prospect in many fields, such as chemical separation, new energy sources and so on. The selection and preparation of membrane materials is the key of pervaporation technology, according to the dissolution-diffusion model. The separation performance of pervaporation membrane mainly depends on the difference of the dissolution and diffusion properties between the membrane materials and the components to be separated. Further study on the dissolution and diffusion behavior between small molecules and polymers will be helpful to the study of the mechanism of permeation and vaporization mass transfer. Reverse Gas Chromatography (reverse Gas Chromatography) is a rapid method for screening membrane materials. In this paper, the organic sulfur / polyphosphazenes (POPs) system was determined by reversed-phase gas chromatography. The infinite dilution activity coefficient and infinite dilution diffusion coefficient between alcohol / polyether block amide. the above data were used to guide the selection and preparation of membrane materials to explain the pervaporation separation performance. First, n-heptane at 353.15-373.15 K was determined. Thiophene 2-methylthiophene (2-methylthiophene) -5-dimethyl thiophene, ethyl sulfide, The infinite dilution activity coefficient and infinite dilution diffusion coefficient of n-butyl mercaptan in poly [bis(trifluoroethoxy)phosphazene] and bis(phenoxy)phosphazene of poly (trifluoroethoxyphosphonitrile) and polyphenoxyphosphonitrile (bis(phenoxy)phosphazene) were studied. The excellent desulfurization performance of PTFEP membrane comes from the difference of dissolution diffusion behavior between n-heptane and organic sulfur molecules in PTFEP, and the introduction of phenoxy groups. The infinite dilution diffusion coefficient of organic sulfur molecules in polyphosphazene was increased, and the permeability of organic sulfur molecules in PBPP was enhanced. In addition, methanol, ethanol and n-propanol were compared by reverse phase gas chromatography. The solubilization and diffusion ability of n-butanol between PEBA2533 and PEBA4033 was obtained. PEBA2533 was selected as the pervaporation membrane material and used in the separation of n-butanol / water system. The PEBA/Poly [vinylidene fluoride] / PVDF composite membrane was prepared. The separation factor of the composite membrane was 19.5 and the flux was 808.5 g 路m-2.h-1.In order to further improve the separation performance of the hybrid membrane, the ZIF-8/PEBA hybrid membrane was prepared. The separation factor and flux of the hybrid membrane were 24.8 and 360.5 g 路m-2.h-1 for 1% n-butanol aqueous solution at 500C.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：O657.71;TQ021.4

【共引文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)會(huì)議論文 前1條

1 徐葉新;陳翠仙;楊麗彬;孫本惠;李繼定;;聚酰亞胺滲透汽化膜材料結(jié)構(gòu)對(duì)溶脹特性的影響[A];第三屆中國(guó)膜科學(xué)與技術(shù)報(bào)告會(huì)論文集[C];2007年

相關(guān)博士學(xué)位論文 前1條

1 王洪海;基于統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)和解耦算法的丙酮—丁醇蒸餾系統(tǒng)優(yōu)化研究[D];河北工業(yè)大學(xué);2010年

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本文編號(hào)：1609600