本文選題：鋅鎳電池　切入點：正極材料　出處：《昆明理工大學》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：鋅鎳電池比能量高,比功率大,開路電壓達1.73V,工作溫度范圍寬廣,可大電流充電,原材料豐富且成本低,環(huán)保。該電池作為新能源的綠色電源具有很大的發(fā)展與應(yīng)用潛力。本文通過查閱國內(nèi)外相關(guān)文獻對氫氧化鎳的制備方法,如液相沉淀法、均相沉淀法、水熱法、氧化法、高壓水解法、離子交換樹脂法、微乳液法、電解法和機械化學合成法等進行敘述;闡述了各種制備工藝對制得的氫氧化鎳材料結(jié)構(gòu)、形貌、尺寸和容量等方面的影響。進一步綜述摻雜氫氧化鎳制備工藝方法并分析添加元素對氫氧化鎳結(jié)構(gòu)、容量、電化學性能的影響。同時,也介紹了鋅鎳電池特點、結(jié)構(gòu)、工作原理、存在的問題及其解決方式、鎳電極片種類及其壓制工藝。采用X射線衍射(XRD)、掃描電鏡(SEM)、電化學阻抗譜、循環(huán)伏安特性曲線(CV)、極化曲線、恒流充放電測試等手段對制備的材料進行表征與測試。研究液相沉淀法制備氫氧化鎳時,對反應(yīng)體系pH、氨水濃度、反應(yīng)物濃度、攪拌強度等最佳工藝參數(shù)進行確定,得出反應(yīng)體系pH的最佳值為10.5、最佳氨水濃度為2mol/L、最佳反應(yīng)物NiSO4濃度為1.2mol/L、攪拌強度為220r/min。在該條件下制備出的氫氧化鎳最大振實密度可達1.53g/cm3;加入晶種對氫氧化鎳形貌影響較小,添加20%的晶種量提升氫氧化鎳顆粒緊實性和宏觀材料振實密度;并研究了聚乙烯2000、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、十六烷基三甲基溴化銨作為表面活性劑時,對氫氧化鎳產(chǎn)品的形貌和振實密度提升效果最顯著的是聚乙烯吡咯烷酮。采用液相沉淀超聲波輔助的方法,順利制備出了球形氫氧化鎳。研究中發(fā)現(xiàn)超聲波強度對氫氧化鎳形貌有一定影響。發(fā)現(xiàn)超聲波強度氫氧化鎳材料顆粒表面有顯著的修飾作用;同時確定了制備球形氫氧化鎳適當?shù)某暡üβ蕪姸仍?16W左右,所得氫氧化鎳粒度為10μm左右的β-Ni(OH)2;對制備的球形Ni(OH)2進行電極壓制測試,在0.4 C充電3 h,靜置3min,1C放電至1.2 V的充放電制度對鎳電極進行放電性能測試測得該材料所制得的氫氧化鎳材料放電比容量可達260 mAh/g。采用化學沉淀法在商品球形氫氧化鎳表面進行覆鈷研究,研究了覆著不同鈷量的氫氧化鎳對電極內(nèi)阻、極化、電極容量、耐蝕性、循環(huán)穩(wěn)定性方面的影響。發(fā)現(xiàn)球形氫氧化鎳在覆著鈷后,對改善電極性能有作用,確定了覆鈷最佳含量3%,測試發(fā)現(xiàn)覆鉆的鎳電極在0.2C充電6h,靜置5min,0.2C放電至1.2V的充放電制度循環(huán)40次后循環(huán)保持率為83.2%。
[Abstract]:Zn-Ni battery has high specific energy, high specific power, open circuit voltage of 1.73 V, wide working temperature range, large current charging, abundant raw materials and low cost. Environmental protection. The battery as a new source of green power has great potential for development and application. In this paper, the preparation methods of nickel hydroxide, such as liquid precipitation method, homogeneous precipitation method, hydrothermal method, oxidation method, are reviewed. The high pressure hydrolysis method, ion exchange resin method, microemulsion method, electrolysis method and mechanochemical synthesis method were described. The effects of doping nickel hydroxide on the structure, capacity and electrochemical properties of nickel hydroxide were reviewed. The characteristics and structure of zinc nickel battery were also introduced. Working principle, existing problems and their solutions, kinds of nickel electrode plates and their pressing technology. X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), cyclic voltammetry (CV), polarization curves, etc. In the preparation of nickel hydroxide by liquid-phase precipitation, the optimum technological parameters, such as pH of reaction system, concentration of ammonia water, concentration of reactant and stirring intensity, were determined. The optimum pH value is 10.5, the optimum ammonia concentration is 2 mol / L, the optimal reactant NiSO4 concentration is 1.2 mol / L, and the stirring intensity is 220 r / min. The maximum vibrational density of nickel hydroxide prepared under these conditions is 1.53 g / cm ~ 3, and the effect of adding seed on the morphology of nickel hydroxide is small. The particle compactness of nickel hydroxide and the vibrational density of macroscopical materials were improved by adding 20% seed quantity, and the effects of polyethylene 2000, polyvinylpyrrolidone and cetyltrimethylammonium bromide as surfactants were studied. Polyvinylpyrrolidone is the most effective method for enhancing the morphology and density of nickel hydroxide. Spherical nickel hydroxide was successfully prepared. It was found that ultrasonic intensity had a certain influence on the morphology of nickel hydroxide. At the same time, the supersonic power intensity of preparing spherical nickel hydroxide is about 216W, and the particle size of nickel hydroxide is about 10 渭 m. After charging at 0.4 C for 3 h, the discharge performance of nickel electrode was measured by charging and discharging from 1C to 1.2 V at 3min. The discharge capacity of nickel hydroxide material was up to 260mAh/ g. Spherical hydrogen hydroxide was prepared by chemical precipitation method. Cobalt coating on the surface of nickel oxide, The effects of nickel hydroxide coated with different cobalt content on the internal resistance, polarization, electrode capacity, corrosion resistance and cyclic stability of the electrode were studied. It was found that spherical nickel hydroxide could improve the performance of the electrode after cobalt coating. The optimum content of cobalt covered with cobalt was determined. It was found that the nickel electrode was charged at 0.2C for 6 h, and the charge and discharge rate was 83.2 after 40 cycles of discharge from 0.2C to 1.2V at 5 mins.
【學位授予單位】：昆明理工大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TM912;TQ138.13

【參考文獻】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 劉賓年;;微乳液法制備Ni(OH)_2納米粒子與表征[J];甘肅科技縱橫;2014年09期

2 王玉棉;張亞麗;馬莉莉;雷丹;魏志剛;;鋁鈷摻雜對Ni(OH)_2結(jié)構(gòu)的影響[J];蘭州理工大學學報;2014年03期

3 侯新剛;劉文武;李彩霞;王有福;王旭峰;;表面包覆不同含量CoOOH的氫氧化鎳對鎳電極電化學性能的影響[J];蘭州理工大學學報;2013年05期

4 趙力;劉志豪;金雷;;鋅摻雜納米Ni(OH)_2的制備及其電化學性能(英文)[J];Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China;2013年04期

5 包杰;朱燕娟;莊義環(huán);許慶勝;趙汝冬;劉泳林;鐘浩良;;Cu單摻雜和Cu/Al復(fù)合摻雜納米氫氧化鎳的結(jié)構(gòu)和電化學性能(英文)[J];Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China;2013年02期

6 赫文秀;張永強;蔣文全;張文廣;;覆鈷型氫氧化鎳的電化學性能研究[J];人工晶體學報;2012年05期

7 趙力;劉志豪;王博;;pH對摻雜Zn納米Ni(OH)_2電化學性能的影響[J];哈爾濱工業(yè)大學學報;2012年06期

8 周焯均;朱燕娟;張仲舉;葉賢聰;伍尚改;鄭漢忠;林曉然;包杰;;超聲波沉淀法制備Y摻雜納米多相Ni(OH)_2及其性能研究[J];稀有金屬材料與工程;2011年07期

9 賀紅梅;楊占紅;遲偉偉;胡俊;;鋅鎳電池用包覆氧化銦的氧化鋅的性能[J];電池;2011年02期

10 楊建鋒;周震濤;;鎳鋁層狀雙氫氧化物正極鋅鎳電池充放電性能[J];電源技術(shù);2011年02期

相關(guān)會議論文 前1條

1 劉飛;張琳;李朝輝;要洪昌;王建設(shè);李中軍;;反向微乳液法制備超級電容器用雙金屬氫氧化物電極材料的研究[A];第十三屆固態(tài)化學與無機合成學術(shù)會議論文摘要集[C];2014年

相關(guān)碩士學位論文 前1條

1 劉敏;電池用高密度氫氧化鎳的制備工藝研究[D];河北工業(yè)大學;2002年

，

本文編號：1590263