本文關(guān)鍵詞： 多孔陶瓷 油井土 廢玻璃 導(dǎo)熱系數(shù)　出處：《湖北工業(yè)大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：油井土和廢玻璃為兩種對環(huán)境造成較為嚴(yán)重污染的固體廢棄物。利用油井土和廢玻璃制備多孔陶瓷是一種有效地變廢為寶的方法,并具有良好的經(jīng)濟(jì)效益。一方面可以有效地回收處理油井土和廢玻璃,減輕它們對環(huán)境的污染壓力,另一方面制備的多孔陶瓷材料具有很好的經(jīng)濟(jì)價值,可廣泛應(yīng)用在化工、建筑等領(lǐng)域,具有廣闊的應(yīng)用前景。本研究利用油井土、廢玻璃作為主要原料,以碳酸鈣、碳粉、淀粉等中的一種或幾種為造孔劑,并添加硅酸鈉為助熔劑,通過控制燒成溫度制度,最終制備多孔陶瓷材料。本論文主要研究了不同的油井土與廢玻璃的比例、不同的造孔劑和助熔劑添加量、不同燒結(jié)溫度、不同保溫時間,這些條件對樣品結(jié)構(gòu)及性能的影響。實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明:本研究制備的多孔陶瓷實(shí)現(xiàn)了油井土與廢玻璃的高利用率,其中油井土摻入量均為25 wt%以上。燒結(jié)溫度為850°C,保溫時間20 min時,樣品各項(xiàng)性能較好,抗折強(qiáng)度為3.91~4.43 MPa,抗壓強(qiáng)度為10.42~12.59 MPa,導(dǎo)熱系數(shù)最低達(dá)到0.0722 W/(m·K),能夠應(yīng)用于墻體隔熱保溫材料。多孔陶瓷材料導(dǎo)熱系數(shù)與其孔隙率成負(fù)相關(guān)的關(guān)系。造孔劑含量與油井土和廢玻璃的比例固定,助熔劑硅酸鈉摻入量增加,燒結(jié)過程坯體中高溫熔體三維網(wǎng)絡(luò)結(jié)構(gòu)被打破,能夠降低體系的軟化溫度,促進(jìn)孔氣孔的生長與長大,但過量的摻入量將導(dǎo)致燒結(jié)過程中坯體出現(xiàn)表面坍塌、孔隙分布不均等現(xiàn)象。造孔劑含量、助熔劑含量與油井土和廢玻璃的比例固定,當(dāng)燒結(jié)溫度為850°C時,樣品孔隙結(jié)構(gòu)均勻,孔隙率達(dá)到最大,為52.38%,抗折強(qiáng)度也高達(dá)4.43 MPa。在750~850°C范圍內(nèi),燒結(jié)溫度的提高能夠促進(jìn)坯體的軟化,易于造孔,孔隙率增加且孔隙尺寸增大,坯體燒結(jié)更為致密,力學(xué)強(qiáng)度增加;當(dāng)燒結(jié)溫度為850~1050°C時,氣體易于從坯體內(nèi)部溢出,表面出現(xiàn)塌陷現(xiàn)象,孔隙率降低至36.48%。造孔劑含量、助熔劑含量與油井土和廢玻璃的比例固定,在0~20 min保溫時間內(nèi),延長保溫時間能夠促進(jìn)氣孔的生成與長大,孔隙率最高達(dá)到51.40%;但當(dāng)保溫時間超過20 min時,氣孔的形狀難以控制,貫穿性的氣孔增多,同時氣體溢出坯體的現(xiàn)象出現(xiàn),故而孔隙率逐漸減小;孔隙形狀以及分布不均是導(dǎo)致樣品力學(xué)性能降低的主要原因。
[Abstract]:Oil well soil and waste glass are two kinds of solid wastes which cause serious environmental pollution. The preparation of porous ceramics from oil well soil and waste glass is an effective way to turn waste into treasure. On the one hand, the oil well soil and waste glass can be recovered effectively to reduce the environmental pollution pressure. On the other hand, the porous ceramic materials prepared have good economic value and can be widely used in chemical industry. In this study, oil well soil, waste glass as the main raw material, calcium carbonate, carbon powder, starch and so on as one or several of the pore-making agent, and added sodium silicate as fluxing agent, By controlling the sintering temperature, the porous ceramic materials were prepared. In this paper, different ratio of oil well soil to waste glass, different amount of pore-making agent and flux, different sintering temperature, different holding time were studied. The effect of these conditions on the structure and properties of the samples. The experimental results show that the porous ceramics prepared in this study have achieved high utilization ratio of well soil and waste glass. When the sintering temperature is 850 擄C and the holding time is 20 min, the properties of the samples are better. The flexural strength is 3.91 鹵4.43 MPa, the compressive strength is 10.42 鹵12.59 MPa, and the thermal conductivity is the lowest 0.0722 WR 路KG, which can be used in wall insulation and insulation materials. The relationship between thermal conductivity and porosity of porous ceramic materials is negative correlation, and the content of pore-forming agent is negatively related to oil well soil. And the proportion of waste glass is fixed, With the increase of the flux sodium silicate, the three-dimensional network structure of the high temperature melt in the sintered body is broken, which can reduce the softening temperature of the system and promote the growth and growth of the pore hole. However, excessive addition will lead to surface collapse and uneven pore distribution during sintering. The proportion of pore-forming agent content, flux content, well soil and waste glass is fixed. When sintering temperature is 850 擄C, the pore structure of the sample is uniform. The maximum porosity is 52.38 and the flexural strength is up to 4.43 MPA. In the range of 750 ~ 850 擄C, the increase of sintering temperature can promote the softening of the billet, easy to make pore, increase the porosity and increase the pore size, the sintering of the billet is denser and the mechanical strength is increased. When the sintering temperature is 850 ~ 1050 擄C, the gas can easily overflow from the billet, the surface collapses and the porosity is reduced to 36.48. The ratio of the content of pore-forming agent and flux to well soil and waste glass is fixed, and the heat preservation time is 0 ~ 20 min. Prolonging heat preservation time can promote the formation and growth of pores, and the highest porosity is 51.40%, but when the holding time is more than 20 min, the shape of pores is difficult to control, the number of permeable pores increases, and the phenomenon of gas spillover appears. As a result, the porosity gradually decreases, and the porosity shape and uneven distribution are the main reasons for the decrease of the mechanical properties of the samples.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：湖北工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TQ174.7

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