本文關(guān)鍵詞： 石墨烯 電化學(xué)傳感器 偶氮類色素　出處：《鄭州大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：石墨烯是一種獨(dú)特的sp2雜化的單層碳原子結(jié)構(gòu)的新型二維材料,自2004年第一次出現(xiàn)就引起了人們的廣泛關(guān)注。石墨烯由于具備優(yōu)異的機(jī)械強(qiáng)度、大的特殊的比表面積以及高超的導(dǎo)電性等優(yōu)點(diǎn),因此被大量的應(yīng)用于超級(jí)電容器、電池以及傳感器等領(lǐng)域。石墨烯層與層之間存在較強(qiáng)的范德華力,使得石墨烯容易團(tuán)聚,難以分散在常用的溶劑中,因此需要通過有效的功能化方法來改善石墨烯的分散性,發(fā)揮其優(yōu)異的性能。納米金屬及氧化物材料具有電子轉(zhuǎn)移速率快、催化效率高等特點(diǎn),因此在光學(xué)、電化學(xué)和催化等領(lǐng)域表現(xiàn)出優(yōu)越的應(yīng)用前景。納米金屬及氧化物材料具備尺寸較小、比表面積較大和活性位點(diǎn)較多等催化劑的基本要求,在有機(jī)反應(yīng)中是一類重要的催化劑。無論是貴金屬Pt、Pd還是非貴金屬金屬Co、Ni以及金屬氧化物WO3等,它們的催化活性都普遍較高,在催化劑領(lǐng)域應(yīng)用比較廣泛。食用色素是人們生活中常用的添加劑之一,過量的使用會(huì)對(duì)人體健康產(chǎn)生危害作用,特別是經(jīng)過有機(jī)反應(yīng)合成的偶氮類色素。日落黃、檸檬黃、誘惑紅和莧菜紅等色素是國(guó)家允許食用的偶氮類色素,并且國(guó)家規(guī)定了其在食品中的最大添加量。食品中色素的含量超標(biāo)會(huì)對(duì)人體健康產(chǎn)生毒副作用,因此對(duì)色素的使用進(jìn)行有效的檢測(cè)和控制十分必要。本論文基于陽離子表面活性劑CTAB和PDDA功能化的石墨烯負(fù)載多種納米金屬及氧化物材料形成的復(fù)合材料,構(gòu)建了靈敏檢測(cè)四種偶氮類合成色素的電化學(xué)傳感器。通過TEM、紫外光譜、紅外光譜、XRD、EIS等多種方法對(duì)合成材料及修飾電極進(jìn)行表征,采用CV、DPV等方法研究了修飾電極對(duì)偶氮類色素的高效靈敏的電催化性能,最后應(yīng)用于實(shí)際樣品分析,得到良好的結(jié)果。1.CTAB-Gr-Pt/GCE修飾電極的制備及對(duì)日落黃的測(cè)定本實(shí)驗(yàn)通過靜電自組裝的方式合成CTAB-Gr-Pt復(fù)合物,建立了新型靈敏的CTAB-Gr-Pt/GCE電化學(xué)傳感器。由于石墨烯和納米Pt的大的比表面積和電催化作用,因此CTAB-Gr-Pt復(fù)合物能夠提高日落黃的電化學(xué)信號(hào)。通過TEM、紫外光譜法、紅外光譜法、EIS等方法對(duì)復(fù)合材料及修飾電極進(jìn)行表征,采用CV和DPV方法研究了日落黃在CTAB-Gr-Pt/GCE修飾電極上的電化學(xué)行為。在最優(yōu)條件下,日落黃的線性范圍是0.08-10.0μmol/L,檢出限是4.2 nmol/L。該方法靈敏度較高,可以用于飲料中日落黃的測(cè)定并得到滿意的回收結(jié)果。2.PDDA-Gr-Pd/GCE修飾電極的制備及對(duì)日落黃和檸檬黃的同時(shí)測(cè)定本實(shí)驗(yàn)基于PDDA-Gr-Pd復(fù)合物構(gòu)建了同時(shí)測(cè)定日落黃和檸檬黃的新型的電化學(xué)傳感器。PDDA作為一種陽離子表面活性劑可以把納米Pd吸附到石墨烯的表面。由于石墨烯和納米Pd的大表面積和導(dǎo)電性的協(xié)同作用,PDDA-Gr-Pd復(fù)合物對(duì)日落黃和檸檬黃的電化學(xué)信號(hào)表現(xiàn)出良好的選擇性和靈敏性。通過TEM、紫外光譜法、XRD、EIS等方法對(duì)復(fù)合材料及修飾電極進(jìn)行表征,采用CV和DPV方法研究了日落黃和檸檬黃在PDDA-Gr-Pd/GCE修飾電極上的電化學(xué)行為。在最優(yōu)條件下,日落黃和檸檬黃的線性范圍分別為0.01-10.0μmol/L和0.01-8.0μmol/L,檢出限分別為2.0 nmol/L和5.0 nmol/L。此方法簡(jiǎn)單靈敏,能夠同時(shí)測(cè)定飲料中日落黃和檸檬黃的含量并得到滿意的結(jié)果。3.PDDA-Gr-Ni/GCE修飾電極的制備及對(duì)誘惑紅的測(cè)定本實(shí)驗(yàn)基于PDDA-Gr-Ni復(fù)合物構(gòu)建了靈敏測(cè)定誘惑紅的電化學(xué)傳感器。通過TEM、紫外光譜法、XRD、EIS等方法對(duì)復(fù)合材料及修飾電極進(jìn)行表征,采用CV和DPV方法研究了誘惑紅在PDDA-Gr-Ni/GCE修飾電極上的電化學(xué)行為。實(shí)驗(yàn)發(fā)現(xiàn),PDDA-Gr-Ni復(fù)合物良好的電催化作用能夠提高誘惑紅的電化學(xué)響應(yīng)信號(hào)。在最優(yōu)條件下,誘惑紅的線性范圍為0.05-10.0μmol/L,檢出限為8.0nmol/L。此方法簡(jiǎn)單靈敏,成功的用于飲料中誘惑紅的測(cè)定,并得到滿意的回收結(jié)果。4.PDDA-Gr-WO3/GCE修飾電極的制備及對(duì)莧菜紅的測(cè)定本實(shí)驗(yàn)成功制備了基于PDDA-Gr-WO3復(fù)合物測(cè)定莧菜紅的新型靈敏的電化學(xué)傳感器。通過TEM、紫外光譜法、EIS等方法對(duì)復(fù)合材料及修飾電極進(jìn)行表征,采用CV和DPV方法研究了莧菜紅在PDDA-Gr-WO3/GCE修飾電極上的電化學(xué)行為。實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明,在最優(yōu)條件下,莧菜紅的線性范圍為0.01-10.0μmol/L,檢出限為6.0 nmol/L。此方法成功用于飲料中莧菜紅的測(cè)定,并得到滿意的回收結(jié)果。
[Abstract]:Graphene is a novel two-dimensional material monolayer carbon atom structure of a unique SP2 hybrid, the first time since 2004 has aroused extensive attention. The graphene with excellent mechanical strength, large specific surface area and the advantages of high conductivity, because this is widely used in super capacitors, batteries and field sensors. The existence of strong Fan Dehua forces between the graphene layers and makes graphene easy to agglomerate, difficult to disperse in common solvents, so we need to improve the dispersion of graphene by functional methods effectively, its excellent performance. And the nano metal oxide material with electronic transfer rate, high catalytic efficiency, therefore in the optical, electrochemical and catalytic fields showed a good application prospect. The nano metal and oxide materials with smaller size, specific surface area The basic requirements of larger and more active sites of the catalyst in organic reactions, is a kind of important catalyst. Both the noble metal Pt, Pd or non noble metal Co, Ni and WO3 metal oxides and their catalytic activity are generally higher than in the field of application, catalyst widely edible pigment is one of the most commonly used. The additive of people's life, excessive use will cause harm to human health, especially after azo pigment organic reaction. Sunset yellow, lemon yellow, amaranth and Allura red pigment is a kind of azo pigment state allows the consumption, and the provisions of the state on the food in the largest amount. The content of pigment in food exceed the standard will produce toxic side effects on human health, therefore the use of pigment effective detection and control is very necessary. This paper based on cationic surfactant CTAB and PDDA function The load of graphene composite material to form a variety of nano metal and oxide materials, construct four kinds of electrochemical sensors for sensitive detection of azo pigment by TEM, UV, IR, XRD, EIS and other methods of characterization, synthetic materials and the modified electrodes by CV, DPV and other methods of modification dual electrode nitrogen pigment high electrocatalytic performance sensitive, finally applied to the analysis of actual samples, obtained good results.1.CTAB-Gr-Pt/GCE modified electrode preparation and the experiment by electrostatic self-assembly on the determination of sunset yellow synthetic CTAB-Gr-Pt complex, the establishment of a new sensitive electrochemical CTAB-Gr-Pt/GCE sensor. The graphene and nano Pt large surface area and electrocatalysis, so CTAB-Gr-Pt complexes can improve the electrochemical signal of sunset yellow by TEM, UV spectroscopy, infrared light Spectrum method, EIS method was used to characterize the composite material and modified electrode, studied the electrochemical behavior of sunset yellow in CTAB-Gr-Pt/GCE modified glassy carbon electrode. Using CV and DPV method under the optimal conditions, the linear range is 0.08-10.0, sunset yellow mol/L, the detection limit is 4.2 nmol/L. the method has high sensitivity, and can be used for the determination of beverage sunset yellow was recovered with satisfactory results of.2.PDDA-Gr-Pd/GCE modified electrode preparation and at the same time of sunset yellow and lemon yellow determination of the experimental PDDA-Gr-Pd complex was constructed based on Simultaneous Determination of sunset yellow and lemon yellow novel electrochemical sensor.PDDA as a cationic surfactant can be adsorbed onto the surface of nano Pd because of graphene. The synergistic effect of graphene and nano Pd with large surface area and conductivity, electrochemical signals of PDDA-Gr-Pd complex on sunset yellow and lemon yellow showed good The selectivity and sensitivity by TEM, UV, XRD, EIS and other methods were used to characterize the composite materials and the modified electrode of sunset yellow and lemon yellow on the electrochemical behavior of PDDA-Gr-Pd/GCE modified glassy carbon electrode. Using CV and DPV method under the optimal conditions, the linear range of sunset yellow lemon Huang Hening were 0.01-10.0. Mol/L and 0.01-8.0 mol/L, the detection limits were 2 nmol/L and 5 nmol/L., this method is simple and sensitive, can simultaneously determine the content in drink lemon yellow and sunset yellow and obtain satisfactory results of.3.PDDA-Gr-Ni/GCE modified electrode preparation and determination of Allura red in this experiment, the PDDA-Gr-Ni complex is constructed based on electrochemical sensor of red sensitive determination of temptation by TEM, UV, XRD, EIS and other methods were used to characterize the composite material and modified electrode, were studied on PDDA-Gr-Ni/GCE modified by Allura red CV and DPV method The electrochemical behavior of the electrode. It was found that the electrocatalytic activity of PDDA-Gr-Ni composite good can improve the electrochemical response of Allura red signal. Under the optimal conditions, the linear range is 0.05-10.0 ~ mol/L red temptation, the detection limit is 8.0nmol/L. this method is simple and sensitive, successfully applied to the determination of Allura red drink, and get the results with the.4.PDDA-Gr-WO3/GCE modified electrode preparation and determination of amaranth in this experiment was successfully prepared a new sensitive electrochemical sensor of PDDA-Gr-WO3 complexes based on the determination of amaranth. By TEM, UV, EIS and other methods were used to characterize the composite material and modified electrode of amaranth on PDDA-Gr-WO3/GCE modified electrode electrochemical behavior on using CV and DPV methods. The experimental results show that under the optimal conditions, the linear range of amaranth is 0.01-10.0 mol/L, the detection limit was 6 nmol/ L. this method has been successfully used for the determination of amaranth in beverage, and the satisfactory recovery results are obtained.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：鄭州大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TQ127.11;TP212.2

【相似文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前1條

1 石夢(mèng)醒;基于石墨烯電化學(xué)傳感器的構(gòu)建及對(duì)偶氮類色素的應(yīng)用[D];鄭州大學(xué);2015年

，

本文編號(hào)：1539160