本文關鍵詞： Al2O3中空纖維膜 滲透汽化 化學接枝 物理涂覆　出處：《南昌航空大學》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：膜分離技術越來越廣泛的應用于廢水處理、石化分離、藥物分離等領域。滲透汽化膜具有分離效率高,能耗低等優(yōu)點,特別適合恒沸點、近沸點、有機/有機混合物的分離。高分離性能的膜材料一直是滲透汽化膜關注和研究的熱點。本文利用無機材料和有機材料各自的優(yōu)點,制備高充填密度的有機/無機中空纖維滲透汽化復合膜。將A12O3顆粒分散在PAN/DMAc溶液中,制得鑄膜液,采用干濕相轉化-燒結法制備長為25cm的Al2O3中空纖維膜管。用SEM對中空纖維膜胚和中空纖維膜的微觀結構進行表征,PAN將Al2O3粉體粘結在一起形成中空纖維膜胚,經高溫燒結后,得到孔徑大小為2-8nm的A12O3中空纖維膜,孔徑分布均一,純水通量為5480 L·m-2·h-1.bar-1。用浸漬涂覆法和真空涂覆法制得PDMS/Al2O3中空纖維復合膜。浸漬涂覆法制得的復合膜的致密分離層只附著在中空纖維膜外表面,而真空涂覆法制得的復合膜的致密分離層充滿了膜壁的孔穴。浸漬涂覆法制備的中空纖維復合膜對模擬發(fā)酵液中乙醇較好的回收效果:在料液溫度為30℃,乙醇濃度為5wt%時,滲透通量最高可達425 g·m-2·h-1,乙醇的分離因子最高可達8.5。提高料液溫度,有利于提高滲透通量,60℃時滲透通量最高為700g·m-2·h-1,乙醇的分離因子可達6.63。用浸漬涂覆法在Al2O3中空纖維膜外表面涂覆一層厚度為121μmTPU致密分離層,TPU和Al2O3中空纖維膜之間附著力好,無分層和脫落現(xiàn)象。TPU/Al2O3復合膜對水中乙酸乙酯具有較好的回收效果:(1)在料液溫度40℃,乙酸乙酯質量分數(shù)為2wt%時,復合膜的滲透通量最高可達950g·m-2·h-1,分離因子最高可達12.3。Al2O3中空纖維膜用KH550處理后,再同GMA反應引入乙烯基,最后同丙烯酸單體接枝聚合,成功制得Al2O3-g-P(AA)中空纖維復合膜。FTIR分析表明,丙烯酸單體以化學鍵的形式接枝到Al2O3中空纖維膜上。SEM分析表明,Al2O3中空纖維膜外表面聚丙烯酸厚度為24.62μm。復合膜具有強烈的親水性,對乙醇中微量水有很好的脫除效果:在乙醇濃度為99.5wt%,料液溫度為60℃時,滲透通量最高為80g·m-2·h-1,分離因子最高可達60。
[Abstract]:Membrane separation technology is more and more widely used in wastewater treatment, petrochemical separation, drug separation and other fields. Pervaporation membrane has the advantages of high separation efficiency and low energy consumption, especially suitable for constant boiling point, near boiling point, etc. Separation of organic / organic mixtures. Membrane materials with high separation performance have been the focus of attention and research on pervaporation membranes. An organic / inorganic hollow fiber pervaporation composite membrane with high filling density was prepared. A12O3 particles were dispersed in PAN/DMAc solution to prepare the casting membrane liquid. Al2O3 hollow fiber membrane tubes with a length of 25 cm were prepared by dry-wet phase conversion sintering method. The microstructures of hollow fiber membrane embryos and hollow fiber membranes were characterized by SEM. The Al2O3 powder was bonded together to form hollow fiber membrane embryos by SEM, and then sintered at high temperature. A12O3 hollow fiber membrane with 2-8 nm pore size was obtained, and the pore size distribution was uniform. The pure water flux is 5480L 路m-2 路h-1.bar-1. The PDMS/Al2O3 hollow fiber composite membrane is prepared by impregnation coating and vacuum coating. The dense separation layer of the composite membrane obtained by impregnation coating method only adheres to the outer surface of the hollow fiber membrane. However, the dense separation layer of the composite membrane prepared by vacuum coating method is filled with holes in the membrane wall. The hollow fiber composite membrane prepared by impregnation and coating method has a better recovery effect on ethanol in the simulated fermentation broth. When the temperature of the liquid is 30 鈩，

本文編號：1533423