本文關(guān)鍵詞： 陶瓷膜 含油廢水 膜技術(shù) 聚偏氟乙烯 有機(jī)-無機(jī)復(fù)合膜　出處：《華南理工大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：隨著科技的不斷進(jìn)步和人類生活水平質(zhì)量的逐步提升,由工業(yè)生產(chǎn)制造以及人類生活造成的水污染現(xiàn)象也是日趨嚴(yán)重,其中含油廢水就是淡水資源的一個(gè)重要污染源。膜分離技術(shù)有著能耗低、污水處理效率高、占地面積小的特點(diǎn),被當(dāng)作解決當(dāng)前水污染問題的優(yōu)選技術(shù)。但是,無論是何種類型的分離膜都要面臨著膜污染問題。本課題是將有機(jī)材料和無機(jī)材料聯(lián)合起來制備出有機(jī)-無機(jī)復(fù)合膜,在保持化學(xué)穩(wěn)定性好、熱穩(wěn)定性高的基礎(chǔ)上,還能改善復(fù)合膜的親水性,增強(qiáng)復(fù)合膜的機(jī)械強(qiáng)度,進(jìn)而從根本上減小膜污染造成的影響,延長膜的使用時(shí)間。本文以聚偏氟乙烯(PVDF)和聚乙二醇(PEG)來配制鑄膜液,以經(jīng)過二氧化硅溶膠和硅烷偶聯(lián)劑處理過的無機(jī)陶瓷膜管為載體,采用干燥固化方法成膜。通過紅外吸收光譜、熱重分析、掃描電子顯微鏡、表面接觸角測試儀對復(fù)合膜進(jìn)行表征。探究了涂膜方法、PVDF、PEG濃度以及熱處理溫度對復(fù)合膜性能的影響。結(jié)果顯示:復(fù)合膜表面成功引入羥基基團(tuán),并且復(fù)合膜的熱穩(wěn)定性也較高,在509℃左右才完全分解;采用滾涂的方式,涂覆濃度為6wt.%PVDF-6wt.%PEG鑄膜液,在50℃條件下制備的陶瓷復(fù)合膜性能最優(yōu),純水通量在0.1MPa下達(dá)到2119.6 L/(m2·h)。在含油廢水的處理過程中,研究了膜的制備過程、進(jìn)料液中油濃度,操作壓力,過濾時(shí)間對復(fù)合膜油水分離性能的影響。結(jié)果表明采用滾涂的方式,涂覆濃度為6wt.%PVDF-9wt.%PEG鑄膜液,在50℃條件下制備的復(fù)合膜油水分離性能最佳,在0.2MPa壓力下,過濾200mg/L的含油廢水,經(jīng)過300min后膜通量維持在32 L/(m2·h),通過紫外分光光度法檢測到濾出液中油濃度為4.2mg/L,截油率高達(dá)97.8%,達(dá)到直接排放標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。將復(fù)合膜用于大腸桿菌水溶液的凈化處理時(shí),復(fù)合膜的除菌率高達(dá)99.9998%,在SEM下觀察到膜表面形貌,計(jì)算膜的孔徑大約為25nm。
[Abstract]:With the continuous progress of science and technology and the gradual improvement of the quality of human life, the phenomenon of water pollution caused by industrial production and human life is becoming more and more serious. The membrane separation technology has the characteristics of low energy consumption, high efficiency of sewage treatment and small area. It is regarded as the optimal selection technology to solve the current water pollution problem. No matter what kind of separation membrane is faced with membrane fouling problem, this subject is to combine organic and inorganic materials to prepare organic-inorganic composite membrane, on the basis of maintaining good chemical stability and high thermal stability. It can also improve the hydrophilicity of the composite membrane, enhance the mechanical strength of the composite membrane, reduce the influence caused by membrane fouling, and prolong the service time of the membrane. In this paper, PVDF and PEG were used to prepare the casting solution. The inorganic ceramic membrane tube treated by silica sol and silane coupling agent was used as the carrier. The film was formed by drying and curing method. The film was obtained by infrared absorption spectrum, thermogravimetric analysis and scanning electron microscope. The surface contact angle tester was used to characterize the composite film. The effects of PEG concentration and heat treatment temperature on the properties of the composite film were investigated. The results showed that the hydroxyl group was successfully introduced on the surface of the composite film, and the thermal stability of the composite film was also high. The ceramic composite membrane prepared at 50 鈩，

本文編號：1522030