本文關(guān)鍵詞： 液液萃取 Purex流程 微混合器 康達(dá)效應(yīng)　出處：《清華大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類(lèi)型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：伴隨我國(guó)核電事業(yè)的迅速發(fā)展,從經(jīng)濟(jì)型和安全性方面考慮,必須對(duì)乏燃料進(jìn)行后處理。目前,國(guó)際上普遍采用的乏燃料后處理工藝Purex工藝中被廣泛使用的萃取設(shè)備均存在不同程度的缺憾。相比于上述傳統(tǒng)設(shè)備,微萃取設(shè)備具有混合效率高、設(shè)備尺度小,比表面積大,傳質(zhì)性能好、停留時(shí)間短,設(shè)備內(nèi)存留物料少等特點(diǎn),非常符合Purex工藝的要求,發(fā)展前景廣闊。本文針對(duì)基于康達(dá)效應(yīng)的核用微型萃取器中兩相的混合傳質(zhì)、富集與級(jí)間轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)問(wèn)題進(jìn)行研究,提出了一種高效的多級(jí)逆流微型萃取器的設(shè)計(jì)方案。針對(duì)液液混合,本文利用流體力學(xué)中的康達(dá)效應(yīng)(Coanda effect),即射流附壁效應(yīng)構(gòu)造出一種新型被動(dòng)式反饋振蕩微混合器,通過(guò)互溶液體混合實(shí)驗(yàn),揭示了被動(dòng)式反饋振蕩微混合器中的三種不同混合機(jī)理:渦流混合、內(nèi)部再循環(huán)混合與流體振蕩;分析了非對(duì)稱(chēng)反饋通道和分流體結(jié)構(gòu)對(duì)于提升被動(dòng)式振蕩反饋微混合器性能的重要意義;通過(guò)數(shù)字圖像處理方法對(duì)混合性能進(jìn)行了定量的驗(yàn)證,展現(xiàn)了被動(dòng)式振蕩反饋微混合器在高Re數(shù)、高通量領(lǐng)域的廣泛應(yīng)用前景。進(jìn)一步對(duì)新型被動(dòng)式反饋振蕩微混合器的不互溶兩相液體混合特性進(jìn)行研究,本文發(fā)現(xiàn)了其在不同Re數(shù)下的四種液液兩相流型,并考察了兩種被動(dòng)式反饋振蕩微混合器在硝酸/TBP體系與Zr4+/TBP體系中的萃取傳質(zhì)性能,驗(yàn)證了被動(dòng)式反饋振蕩微混合器在高Re數(shù)下優(yōu)異的萃取性能。以新型多級(jí)被動(dòng)式反饋振蕩微混合器為基礎(chǔ),本文提出通過(guò)控制循環(huán)操作方法實(shí)現(xiàn)兩相混合傳質(zhì)、富集與級(jí)間轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)的微型萃取器設(shè)計(jì)方案并進(jìn)行了驗(yàn)證,成功實(shí)現(xiàn)了多級(jí)逆流萃取操作,對(duì)Zr4+萃取效率是并流設(shè)備的2-4倍,在Purex流程中有良好的潛在而廣泛的應(yīng)用前景。通過(guò)計(jì)算流體力學(xué)模擬,本文進(jìn)一步討論了新型被動(dòng)式反饋振蕩微混合器內(nèi)三種混合機(jī)理的產(chǎn)生與聯(lián)系,證明了其流體振蕩頻率與Re數(shù)成正比的關(guān)系,為進(jìn)一步對(duì)微混合器進(jìn)行結(jié)構(gòu)與性能優(yōu)化奠定了理論基礎(chǔ)。
[Abstract]:Along with the rapid development of China's nuclear power industry, considering economy and security, must carry on the spent fuel postprocessing. At present, widely used by the international spent fuel postprocessing extraction equipment is widely used in Purex process technology have different degrees of defects. Compared to the traditional equipment, micro extraction equipment has high mixing efficiency, small scale equipment, large surface area, good mass transfer performance, short residence time, the characteristics of equipment retention less material, very much in line with the requirement of Purex technology, development prospect is broad. According to the mass transfer in two-phase micro extractor with Coanda effect based on nuclear research, enrichment and transfer problem between and put forward a design scheme of efficient multistage countercurrent extractor. The micro liquid mixture, using Coanda effect in fluid mechanics (Coanda effect), namely the jet wall attachment effect is constructed A new type of passive feedback oscillation micro mixer, the miscible liquid mixing experiments revealed three different mixing mechanism of passive feedback oscillation in the micromixer: eddy mixing, internal recirculation is mixed with the fluid oscillation; analysis of asymmetric feedback channel and shunt structure is important for improving the passive micromixer performance feedback oscillation; based on the mixing performance of the quantitative verification of digital image processing method, show the passive feedback oscillation micro mixer at high Re number, high throughput potential applications. Further feedback oscillation of new passive micromixer immiscible liquid two-phase mixing characteristics were studied in this paper, found in different Re number four a liquid-liquid two-phase flow pattern, and the effects of two kinds of passive feedback oscillation extraction of micro mixer in nitrate /TBP system and Zr4+/TBP system. To verify the extraction performance of passive micromixer feedback oscillation in high Re number is excellent. The new multi passive micromixer based feedback oscillation, this paper through the control method of operation to achieve the two-phase mass transfer, micro extractor enrichment and transfer among the level design and verified, the successful implementation of the multistage countercurrent extraction the operation of Zr4+, the extraction efficiency is 2-4 times and the flow of equipment, in the Purex process has a good potential and wide application prospect. Through CFD simulation, this paper further discusses the generation and contact model passive feedback oscillation micro mixer three hybrid mechanism, proved its relationship with the frequency of fluid oscillation Re is proportional to the number of the laid a theoretical foundation for further optimization of structure and performance of micro mixer.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：清華大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TL24;TQ051.83

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本文編號(hào)：1519947