本文關(guān)鍵詞： 磷渣 磷尾礦 硅酸鈣板 流漿成型 均勻設(shè)計　出處：《武漢工程大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：改革開放以來,我國工業(yè)化快速發(fā)展,礦產(chǎn)資源被大量開采,礦產(chǎn)副產(chǎn)物堆積如山,引發(fā)了一系列環(huán)境、安全、生態(tài)等問題。我國磷礦資源豐富,但80%以上屬于低品位磷礦,磷礦工業(yè)在開采、生產(chǎn)過程中產(chǎn)生大量磷尾礦、磷渣,課題研究以磷礦工業(yè)產(chǎn)生的固體廢棄物為主要原料制備建筑材料,以達到綜合利用礦產(chǎn)資源、保護生態(tài)環(huán)境的目的。課題利用磷渣、磷尾礦為主要原料來制備D0.8、D1.3兩種類別的硅酸鈣板制品,對實驗原料進行了系統(tǒng)的分析后,選取流漿成型法制備實驗試件,通過有限制均勻設(shè)計設(shè)計實驗配比,二次多項式逐步回歸求出最佳實驗配比,確定最佳蒸壓養(yǎng)護制度,主要研究內(nèi)容如下:(1)磷渣作為膠凝材料化學(xué)性能的測定,對比研究S95級、S105級磷渣作為膠凝材料對膠砂標準稠度用水量、流動度、凝結(jié)時間、活性指數(shù)的影響,以化學(xué)性能的提高和球磨磷渣的能耗綜合評判,確定磷渣球磨到S95級為最佳。(2)磷尾礦作為惰性填料制備硅酸鈣板的研究,通過有限制均勻設(shè)計直接優(yōu)化法設(shè)計實驗配方,對實驗結(jié)果進行二次多項式逐步回歸求得最佳實驗配比,對最佳配比制備試件進行密度、力學(xué)性能測試,改變蒸養(yǎng)制度,確定其最佳蒸養(yǎng)制度為180℃保溫6h,保溫6h制備出的制品D0.8類抗折強度5MPa、D1.3類制品抗折強度7MPa,力學(xué)性能未能達到預(yù)期的效果,再者磷尾礦的添加量不足5%,工業(yè)廢棄物利用率較低,磷尾礦作為惰性填料制備硅酸鈣板不具可行性。(3)磷尾礦的煅燒、分級處理,磷尾礦顯微照片發(fā)現(xiàn)磷灰石、白云石和石英互相粘接在一起,不同礦物顆解離不充分,通過煅燒、破碎使得礦物顆粒分離,氣流分級為富磷產(chǎn)物、富鈣鎂產(chǎn)物、富硅產(chǎn)物。分別在800℃、850℃、900℃及1000℃煅燒尾礦并分析煅燒后樣品顯微照片,得到最佳煅燒溫度。將在該溫度下煅燒尾礦物料在頻率為15Hz條件下破碎,讓不同礦物顆粒分離;再對破碎后的尾礦物料按照在5~40Hz間的8種頻率由大到小依次進行氣流分級,對分級后各頻率對應(yīng)物料做XRD衍射測試,并對XRD圖譜全譜擬合進行定量分析。結(jié)果表明,850℃為最佳煅燒溫度,磷尾礦在此溫度下煅燒產(chǎn)物分離徹底且磷灰石顆粒結(jié)構(gòu)未垮塌;在5~25Hz頻率范圍內(nèi)為富磷產(chǎn)物,小于5Hz為富硅產(chǎn)物,大于25Hz為富鈣鎂產(chǎn)物。(4)煅燒分級尾礦制備硅酸鈣板的研究,將分級出的富硅、鈣鎂產(chǎn)物、磷渣作為主要原料,通過有限制均勻設(shè)計直接優(yōu)化法設(shè)計實驗配方,并通過回歸分析求得最佳實驗配比,改變蒸養(yǎng)保溫時間,測定保溫時間對制品性能的影響,確定最佳配方、保溫時間并對其制品進行系統(tǒng)各項性能測試。結(jié)果表明,180℃蒸養(yǎng)保溫6h作為最佳保溫時間,其抗折強度D0.8類5.5MPa、D1.3類9.5MPa,不燃性達到A1級,導(dǎo)熱系數(shù)0.20W/m*K。在磷尾礦煅燒、分級制備硅酸鈣板過程中,分級產(chǎn)物中富磷產(chǎn)物可以用作磷化工的原料,富鈣鎂、富硅產(chǎn)物用作制備板材,實現(xiàn)了尾礦的資源化利用。同時結(jié)合磷化工生產(chǎn)的磷渣,使得磷礦工業(yè)產(chǎn)生的廢棄物被最大限度的綜合利用。再者制備出的板材輕質(zhì)、保溫隔熱,板材在市場上具有較強的競爭力。
[Abstract]:Since the reform and opening up, the rapid development of China's industrialization, the mineral resources are mined, mineral by-product pile up like a mountain hand has caused a series of environmental, ecological, safety, and other issues. China's phosphate resources are abundant, but more than 80% belong to low grade phosphate ore, phosphate rock in the mining industry, resulting in a large number of phosphate tailings, the production process of phosphorus slag. Solid waste of research to the preparation of phosphate industry building materials as the main raw material, in order to achieve the comprehensive utilization of mineral resources, protect the ecological environment. Study by using phosphorus slag, phosphorus tailings as the main raw material for the preparation of D0.8, calcium silicate board D1.3 products in two categories, the experimental materials were analyzed after selection, preparation of slurry flow test sample, through a restricted uniform design experimental ratio, two times polynomial stepwise regression to obtain the optimum experimental ratio, determine the best autoclaved curing system, the main research contents Are as follows: (1) phosphorus slag as the determination of chemical properties of cementitious materials, comparative study of S95 grade, S105 grade phosphorus slag as cementitious materials with water, standard consistency on mortar fluidity, setting time, activity index, comprehensive evaluation and improve the energy consumption by ball milling and chemical properties of phosphorus slag, determine phosphorus slag milling to grade S95 is the best. (2) of phosphate tailings as inert filler to prepare calcium silicate board, through the limited uniform design direct optimization method design experimental formula, the experimental results were two polynomial stepwise regression to obtain the optimum experimental ratio, the best ratio of the prepared specimen density, mechanical properties test, change of steam curing system, the optimum steam curing system is 180 DEG C 6H prepared 6h system, thermal insulation products D0.8 flexural strength 5MPa, flexural strength of 7MPa D1.3 products, the mechanical properties of failed to achieve the desired effect, add enough phosphate tailings 5 %, the low utilization rate of industrial waste, phosphate tailings as inert filler to prepare calcium silicate board is not feasible. (3) calcined phosphate tailings grading, phosphate tailings micrograph found apatite, dolomite and quartz are mutually spliced together, a different mineral dissociation is not sufficient, the mineral particles by calcination, crushing and separation and air classification for the rich phosphorus product, rich magnesium products, rich silicon products. In 800 C, 850 C, 900 C and 1000 C and calcined samples calcined tailings of micrographs, obtained the optimum calcination temperature. The temperature in the tail mineral material broken under the condition of 15Hz in frequency, so that different minerals the particle separation of tailings; material crushing after in accordance with the 8 frequency between 5~40Hz from high to low airflow grading, grading of the frequency corresponding to the XRD diffraction test materials, and the XRD map the whole spectrum fitting for quantitative analysis. Results 琛ㄦ槑,850鈩冧負鏈，

本文編號：1515945