本文關(guān)鍵詞： 水解制氫性能 硅 添加劑 球磨　出處：《浙江大學》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：硅具有理論氫容量高、價格低廉和資源豐富等優(yōu)點,被認為是一種很有前景的新型水解制氫材料,可以應用于便攜式氫源或燃料電池系統(tǒng)中。但是硅單獨與純水反應水解制氫速率極慢,產(chǎn)氫量低,制約了它的應用。為了提高硅的水解制氫活性,本文(1)采用球磨方法制備了 Si/LiH(LiBH4)復合物,并在此基礎(chǔ)上添加NiC12制備了三元復合物,系統(tǒng)研究了復合物的水解制氫特性;(2)采用化學法制備了多孔硅,并研究了多孔硅的水解制氫性能;(3)研究了硅及其復合物在堿性環(huán)境中的水解性能,研究了 Si/LiBH4復合物在KOH溶液中水解的協(xié)同作用;并采用XRD、SEM、BET、XPS等測試方法對樣品進行了表征,對相關(guān)機理進行了初步分析。首先本文研究了球磨后的硅、及硅基復合物在常溫下的水解性能。實驗結(jié)果表明,在硅中添加LiH或LiBH4制備Si/LiH(LiBH4)復合物可以提高其水解制氫的產(chǎn)量、初始放氫速率。在室溫下水解1小時,二元Si/10%molLiH復合物產(chǎn)氫量約為37mL/g,Si/10%molLiBH4水解產(chǎn)氫容量可達126mL/g,三元的Si-10%molLiH-3%molNiC12復合物水解產(chǎn)氫容量可達119mL/g,是硅單獨水解產(chǎn)氫量的12倍。接著本文探索了多孔硅的制備,并研究了多孔硅在常溫下的水解性能。實驗結(jié)果表明,腐蝕時間為5小時的多孔硅在常溫下水解1小時的制氫產(chǎn)量為20.5mL/g;提高溫度和在水解溶液中添加適量酒精可以提高多孔硅的水解產(chǎn)氫量,在65℃時,多孔硅在酒精與水的混合溶液中水解制氫產(chǎn)量可達37.5mL/g。最后,本文系統(tǒng)研究了硅在KOH溶液中的水解制氫性能。實驗結(jié)果顯示,硅在KOH溶液中的水解制氫產(chǎn)量規(guī)律隨KOH的量和濃度都是先升高后降低,在摩爾比Si:KOH=1:2,KOH的濃度為15wt%時,硅在常溫下水解1小時的水解制氫產(chǎn)量可以達到85%。值得一提的是,當摩爾比Si:KOH=1:0.5時,Si-3mol%LiBH4復合物常溫下在濃度為10wt%的KOH溶液中水解1小時的水解制氫產(chǎn)率為72.5%,遠高于未摻雜LiBH4的硅,這可能是LiBH4的水解與硅的水解發(fā)生了協(xié)同作用,使得復合物較硅的水解制氫產(chǎn)量提升了 100%。
[Abstract]:Silicon has the advantages of high theoretical hydrogen capacity, low price and abundant resources, so it is considered as a promising new hydrolytic hydrogen production material. It can be used in portable hydrogen source or fuel cell system. However, the rate of hydrogen production is very slow and the hydrogen production is low. In this paper, Si / LiH- LiBH4) complexes were prepared by ball milling, and ternary complexes were prepared by adding NiC12. The hydrolytic hydrogen production properties of the complexes were systematically studied. Porous silicon was prepared by chemical method. The hydrolytic properties of porous silicon and its complexes in alkaline environment were studied, and the synergistic effect of Si/LiBH4 complex hydrolysis in KOH solution was studied, and the samples were characterized by XRD-SEMBET-XPS. The mechanism was analyzed. Firstly, the hydrolytic properties of ball-milled silicon and silicon-based composites at room temperature were studied. Initial hydrogen release rate. Hydrolysis at room temperature for 1 hour, The hydrogen production capacity of binary Si/10%molLiH complex is about 37 mL / g / 10 and the hydrolysis capacity of Si-10%molLiH-3%molNiC12 complex can reach 126 mL / g, and the hydrolysis capacity of ternary Si-10%molLiH-3%molNiC12 complex can reach 119 mL / g, which is 12 times as much as that of silicon alone. The hydrolysis properties of porous silicon at room temperature were studied. The hydrogen production of porous silicon with corrosion time of 5 hours hydrolyzed for 1 hour at room temperature is 20.5 mL / g, and the hydrogen production of porous silicon can be increased by increasing the temperature and adding a proper amount of alcohol in the hydrolytic solution, at 65 鈩，

本文編號：1503914