發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-02-04 04:40

  本文關(guān)鍵詞： 管道內(nèi)壁 離子液體 鍍鋁 316L不銹鋼管 阻氚涂層　出處：《浙江大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類(lèi)型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：國(guó)際熱核聚變實(shí)驗(yàn)堆(ITER)計(jì)劃中,作為核燃料的氚在金屬管道中存在滲透流失情況,這一方面造成寶貴的核燃料損失,另一方面導(dǎo)致環(huán)境污染。因此需要在管道內(nèi)表面制備具有阻氚作用的涂層。大量研究表明,Al2O3/Fe-Al;涂層具有自修復(fù)能力,是性能優(yōu)異的阻氚涂層。但如何在細(xì)長(zhǎng)管道內(nèi)壁低溫制備Al2O3/Fe-Al阻氚涂層,成為ITER計(jì)劃中最為關(guān)鍵的技術(shù)難題之一本文面向該重要的工程應(yīng)用背景,在本實(shí)驗(yàn)室提出的”室溫離子液體鍍鋁十低溫?zé)崽幚怼边@一阻氚涂層制備方法的基礎(chǔ)上,以管道內(nèi)壁阻氚涂層制備為目標(biāo),設(shè)計(jì)并研制不銹鋼管道內(nèi)壁室溫離子液體鍍鋁裝置,研究影響管道內(nèi)壁鍍鋁的因素,用金相顯微鏡(OM)、掃描電子顯微鏡(SEM)等分析測(cè)試手段對(duì)試樣厚度、形貌進(jìn)行表征,用劃刻試驗(yàn)對(duì)鍍層結(jié)合力進(jìn)行考察。首先,在分析國(guó)內(nèi)外現(xiàn)有管道內(nèi)壁電鍍?cè)O(shè)備的基礎(chǔ)上,設(shè)計(jì)并制造了適于管道內(nèi)壁離子液體鍍鋁的流鍍裝置。確定蠕動(dòng)泵為離子液體在管道中流動(dòng)提供動(dòng)力,并定量調(diào)整流速。通過(guò)流速,計(jì)算得出泵流量的最小值為0.077～0.436 L/min;選用內(nèi)襯為聚四氟乙烯的橡膠軟管作為輸送離子液體的軟管；設(shè)計(jì)并制作了用于大氣環(huán)境下保存離子液體的儲(chǔ)液容器,以不銹鋼雙卡套作為連接待鍍管道和鍍液流動(dòng)管路的接頭。利用該裝置,在大氣氣氛下,實(shí)現(xiàn)了水溶液中管道內(nèi)壁鍍鎳試驗(yàn)。其次,根據(jù)銅質(zhì)材料前處理簡(jiǎn)單易鍍且顏色與鋁鍍層對(duì)比性強(qiáng)的特點(diǎn),利用前述管道內(nèi)壁電沉積設(shè)備,對(duì)銅管進(jìn)行管道內(nèi)壁的離子液體鍍鋁研究。經(jīng)過(guò)大量試驗(yàn),發(fā)現(xiàn)不銹鋼接頭會(huì)優(yōu)先于陽(yáng)極鋁絲溶解,難以實(shí)現(xiàn)管道內(nèi)壁離子液體鍍鋁。并發(fā)現(xiàn)對(duì)鍍液真空前處理,可以改善鍍層質(zhì)量。最后選用玻璃四通作為管道內(nèi)壁離子液體鍍鋁裝置中的接頭,在鍍覆電流密度5mA/cm2,鍍覆時(shí)長(zhǎng)為1h,成功地在銅管內(nèi)壁鍍覆上一層平均厚度約為6μm的鋁鍍層。最后,對(duì)316L不銹鋼的管道內(nèi)壁進(jìn)行了離子液體鍍鋁。不銹鋼基體前處理的研究表明：在10mA/cm2電流密度活化5min,可獲得結(jié)合良好的鋁鍍層；鍍鋁工藝參數(shù)研究結(jié)果表明：當(dāng)轉(zhuǎn)速增大至200r/min時(shí),可使鍍鋁槽壓穩(wěn)定；對(duì)于不同直徑的鋁絲,存在相應(yīng)的最大鍍覆電流密度,且兩者之間成線性關(guān)系。此外,還通過(guò)去除管道端面毛刺等措施,改善了鍍層質(zhì)量。最終在轉(zhuǎn)速200r/min,鍍覆電流密度3mA/cm2,鍍覆時(shí)長(zhǎng)3h條件下,成功地在內(nèi)徑11mm,長(zhǎng)500mm的不銹鋼管道內(nèi)壁制備出平均厚度約為10μm的鋁鍍層,鍍層厚度均勻,與基體結(jié)合良好。
[Abstract]:In the International Thermonuclear Fusion Experimental reactor (ITERR) program, there is a leakage of tritium as nuclear fuel in metal pipelines, which results in valuable nuclear fuel loss. On the other hand, it is necessary to prepare tritium resistant coatings on the inner surface of the pipeline. A large number of studies show that Al _ 2O _ 3 / Fe-Al; The coating has the ability of self-repair and is an excellent tritium resistance coating. However, how to prepare Al2O3/Fe-Al tritium resistance coating at low temperature on the inner wall of slender pipeline. As one of the most critical technical problems in the ITER project, this paper faces the important engineering application background. On the basis of the "room temperature ionic liquid aluminizing + low temperature heat treatment" method proposed by our laboratory, the preparation of tritium resistance coating on the inner wall of pipeline is taken as the target. A room temperature ionic liquid aluminum plating device for stainless steel pipe inner wall was designed and developed. The factors affecting aluminum plating on the inner wall of stainless steel pipe were studied by metallographic microscope. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and other analytical methods were used to characterize the thickness and morphology of the sample, and the adhesion of the coating was investigated by scratching test. Based on the analysis of the existing internal wall electroplating equipment at home and abroad, a galvanizing device suitable for aluminum plating on the inner wall of pipeline is designed and manufactured. The creeping pump is determined to provide power for the flow of ionic liquid in the pipeline. Through the flow rate, the minimum value of pump flow is 0.077 ~ 0. 436 L / min, and the minimum flow rate is 0. 077 ~ 0. 436 L / min. The rubber hose lined with polytetrafluoroethylene is selected as the hose for transporting ionic liquid. A liquid storage container for the storage of ionic liquids in atmospheric environment is designed and fabricated. The stainless steel double card sleeve is used as the connection between the receiving plating pipe and the liquid flow pipe, and the device is used in the atmosphere. The experiment of nickel plating on the inner wall of the pipe in aqueous solution was realized. Secondly, according to the characteristics of simple and easy plating of copper material and strong contrast between the color and aluminum coating, the electrodeposition equipment of the inner wall of the pipe was used. After a lot of experiments, it is found that the stainless steel joint will take precedence over the anodic aluminum wire to dissolve the copper tube. It is difficult to realize the aluminum plating on the inner wall of the pipe by ionic liquid. It is found that the coating quality can be improved by vacuum pretreatment of the plating bath. Finally, the glass four-way is selected as the joint in the aluminum plating device for the inner wall of the pipe. When the current density is 5 Ma / cm ~ 2 and the coating time is 1 h, an aluminum coating with an average thickness of about 6 渭 m is successfully deposited on the inner wall of the copper tube. Finally, an aluminum coating with an average thickness of about 6 渭 m is deposited on the inner wall of the copper tube. Ionic liquid aluminizing was carried out on the inner wall of 316L stainless steel pipe. The pretreatment of stainless steel substrate showed that aluminum coating with good bonding could be obtained when activated at a current density of 10 Ma / cm 2 for 5 min. The results show that the aluminum bath pressure can be stabilized when the rotational speed is increased to 200r / min. For aluminum wires with different diameters, there is a corresponding maximum plating current density, and there is a linear relationship between the two. In addition, some measures are taken to remove the burr of the end face of the pipe. The coating quality is improved. Finally, the inner diameter of the coating is 11mm under the conditions of the rotational speed 200rmin, the plating current density 3mA / cm 2 and the coating time 3h. Aluminum coating with an average thickness of about 10 渭 m was prepared on the inner wall of stainless steel pipe with a length of 500mm. The thickness of the coating was uniform and the coating bonded well with the substrate.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：浙江大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TQ153

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