非均相光催化和基于半導(dǎo)體的光催化過程在最近幾年受到全球范圍的廣泛關(guān)注,包括太陽能光催化水解產(chǎn)氫以及通過光降解污染物處理廢氣和廢水等有前景的應(yīng)用。在近幾年中,科學(xué)家們已經(jīng)研究了大量的半導(dǎo)體材料,其中二氧化鈦因其化學(xué)穩(wěn)定性,低成本和無毒性而被證明是最佳選擇之一。然而,其廣泛的實際應(yīng)用主要限制于轉(zhuǎn)換效率低以及可靠性差等。此外,電子-空穴復(fù)合的焦點問題依然沒有得到解決。因此,我們的工作主要集中在尋找有效的半導(dǎo)體材料作為二氧化鈦的替代品。本論文工作主要目的是設(shè)計和制備具有良好性能的半導(dǎo)體材料,該材料可以利用可見光來進行光催化反應(yīng),包括水中有機化合物的降解。這樣做時,廢水中的污染物的消除等生態(tài)問題也可以得到有效的解決。所采用的辦法是利用可行的方法制備在紫外光下具有活性的高表面積材料,然后通過表面修飾的方法使得材料對可見光響應(yīng)。本論文以草酸鈮作為前驅(qū)體,以2-甲基咪唑（Hmim）同時作為結(jié)構(gòu)導(dǎo)向劑以及氮和碳的來源,通過水熱-煅燒過程成功地合成了碳,氮共修飾的氧化鈮納米線。采用掃描電子顯微鏡（SEM）,透射電子顯微鏡（TEM）,X射線粉末衍射（XRD）,X射線光電子能譜（XPS）,傅里葉變換紅外光譜（... 

【文章來源】：天津大學(xué)天津市 211工程院校 985工程院校 教育部直屬院校

【文章頁數(shù)】：78 頁

【學(xué)位級別】：碩士

【文章目錄】：
Abstract
摘要
Chapter Ⅰ introduction and literature reviews
    1.1 Introduction
    1.2 Overview of Photocatalytic Reaction Research
        1.2.1 Principles of Photocatalysis
        1.2.2 Catalyst Structure
        1.2.3 Photocatalytic reaction mechanism
        1.2.4 Semiconductor-type photocatalysts
        1.2.5 Niobium oxides Photocatalyst
        1.2.6 Modification of Nb_2O_5 for harvesting visible light
        1.2.7 Photocatalytic Applications
        1.2.8 Present status and issues
    1.3 The Aims of my research
    1.4 Dissertation outlines
Chapter Ⅱ Design and characterization techniques for Nb_2O_5 toward visible lightresponse
    2.1 Morphologies and surface areas of Nb_2O_5 crystals
    2.2 Band-gap change
    2.3 Characterization Techniques
        2.3.1 X-Ray Diffraction
        2.3.2 Electron microscope(EM)
        2.3.3 X-Ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy(XPS)
        2.3.4 Ultraviolet-visible diffuse reflectance spectroscopy
        2.3.5 Brunauere-Emmette-Teller(BET)
        2.3.6 Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy(FT-IR)
Chapter Ⅲ Preparation and characterization of visible light excitedphotocatalysts from Nb_2O_5
    3.1 Experimental Materials
    3.2 Experimental Apparatus
    3.3 Preparation of C,N co-modified Nb_2O_5 nanowires
    3.4 Physical and chemical properties of as prepared photocatalysis
        3.4.1 Morphology and structure characterization
        3.4.2 Synthesis processes
    3.5 Optical and photo electrochemical properties of C,N co-modified Nb_2O_5
    3.6 XPS analysis
Chapter Ⅳ Photocatalytic performance in RhB degradation
    4.1 Experimental Materials
    4.2 Experimental Apparatus
    4.3 Photocatalytic activity experiment
    4.4 Results and Discussion
        4.4.1 Photocatalytic performance
        4.4.2 Photodegradation for RhB over C,N co-modified Nb_2O_5 nanowires aftercalcination at different temperature
        4.4.3 Stability of the catalyst
        4.4.4 Mechanism of the photocatalysis of C,N co-modified Nb_2O_5
Chapter Ⅴ Conclusion
References
Published Papers and joined Scientific Researches
    Published Papers
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS



本文編號：3458329