碳點的制備及其在生物傳感的應用研究
[Abstract]:As a new carbon nano-material, carbon dots have excellent properties and are widely used in various fields of research. The particle size of the carbon dot is generally between 3 and 5 nm, the surface contains various functional groups, and the solubility of the carbon point can be changed by changing the functional group. Compared with the traditional semiconductor quantum dots, the carbon dots have better optical performance, biocompatibility and environmental friendliness, and can be applied to the fields of biological imaging, nano-sensing, photocatalysis, optoelectronic devices and the like. The method for preparing the carbon point based on the literature report has the advantages that the fluorescent carbon point with excellent performance is prepared by the microwave-assisted method, the composite nano-carbon-point material is successfully prepared by combining the synthesis method of the carbon point and the gold cluster, and the composite nano-carbon-point material is applied to the intracellular ion detection and the two-color cell imaging, The photocatalytic degradation of organic dyes and other aspects are as follows: (1) The experiment uses glucose as a precursor, and a large-size fluorescent carbon point is prepared by a microwave-assisted method, and a complex functional group on the surface of the carbon dot can be used for interacting with various metal ions. Based on the quenching effect of potassium ion on the fluorescence of carbon spot, a biosensor with high efficiency and specific detection of potassium ion content was constructed. The detection limit was 1.0-10-1 2M. The content of potassium ion in human serum was successfully detected, and the results of the test and the reference value provided by the hospital were basically the same. Compared with the complex surface functionalization modification and complex instrument operation of other sensors, the biological transmission method constructed by the experiment does not need to carry out any surface modification, has low consumption, simple and rapid operation, and has very large application potential. (2) The composite carbon nano-material-gold-bearing carbon-point (GCDs) with unique properties was prepared by microwave-assisted method. The high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), XRD, high-angle annular dark-field scanning transmission electron microscope (HAADF-STEM), EDS and the like were characterized. The results showed that the gold-bearing carbon point was composed of carbon and gold. The small gold nanoclusters are dispersed on the carbon point skeleton of about 2 nm, and the gold-bearing carbon point has the partial properties of carbon and gold clusters, such as the properties of the peroxidase and the properties of single excitation/ double emission. The two emission peaks of the gold-bearing carbon point have different responses to the target, so that it can be used in the nano-sensing and cell imaging. Based on the light resistance, biocompatibility and good fluorescence properties of the gold-bearing carbon spot, the double-fluorescent cell imaging was performed in the breast cancer cells and mouse osteoblasts. And finally, the content of the trivalent iron in the rat osteoblast is qualitatively detected by using the ratio-type fluorescent cell imaging. (3) The method for sensing prostate cancer antigen was established based on the properties of the gold-bearing carbon-point analog enzyme. By optimizing the conditions of the chloroauric acid, the hydrogen peroxide and the stabilizer, a sensitive color development reaction is established, the purpose of visualization and quantitative detection of the prostate cancer antigen is realized, the detection limit reaches 10-1 9 g/ m L, and the content of the prostate cancer antigen in the serum of the prostate cancer patient is further detected. Compared with the traditional enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, the method has the advantages of simple operation, high sensitivity and lower detection limit. And (4) the experiment is to modify the DNA single-chain aptamer containing the polar base through the gold-sulfur bond to the surface of the gold-containing carbon point. The prostate antigen (PSA) is further modified to the surface of the gold-containing carbon point by the specific binding action of the DNA aptamer. The prostate antigen is a macromolecule, so the resonance light scattering intensity of the gold-bearing carbon point can change obviously when the prostate antigen is modified to the surface of the gold-containing carbon point. When the antigen concentration of the prostate cancer is within the range of 0.01 ng/ m L to 0.05 ng/ m L, the resonance light scattering intensity change value of the carbon point and the concentration of the prostate cancer antigen are linear. The gold-bearing carbon point of the DNA aptamer is modified as a probe, and the amount of the prostate antigen is quantitatively detected by the experiment, and the content of the prostate cancer antigen in the biological sample is detected, and a possible method is provided for clinical diagnosis. (5) The catalytic degradation of rhodamine B under the irradiation of various kinds of light (ultraviolet, visible and near-infrared light) under the irradiation of various kinds of light (ultraviolet, visible and near-infrared light) was successfully achieved on the basis of the photocatalytic activity of the carbon spot and the plasma properties of the gold nanoparticles. The photocatalytic degradation of the rhodamine B under various illumination can be greatly improved, and the synergistic catalysis of the ultraviolet/ visible light is successfully realized, and the photocatalytic efficiency of the experiment is greatly improved.
【學位授予單位】:湖南科技大學
【學位級別】:碩士
【學位授予年份】:2016
【分類號】:O657.3
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