【摘要】：二氧化鈦是目前使用較多的光催化劑,催化劑一般是粉末狀,存在著易流失、難重復(fù)利用的特點(diǎn),因而,二氧化鈦的高效、穩(wěn)定的固載是二氧化鈦工業(yè)化運(yùn)用的重要前提。本課題以硅溶膠為粘結(jié)劑,采用噴涂法將催化劑和粘結(jié)劑的混合液噴涂在鋁合金網(wǎng)上,通過對(duì)硅溶膠優(yōu)化和改性,篩選出催化劑的最優(yōu)制備方法,并考察了固載的催化劑對(duì)甲苯的降解活性。進(jìn)行了直接噴涂硅溶膠固載TiO_2的研究。比較了不同粘結(jié)劑固載二氧化鈦催化劑的催化活性,結(jié)果表明硅溶膠作為粘結(jié)劑時(shí),催化劑表現(xiàn)出了最好的效果。為進(jìn)一步優(yōu)化催化劑的制備方法,對(duì)硅溶膠與二氧化鈦的質(zhì)量比和分散劑進(jìn)行優(yōu)化,結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn),在二氧化鈦的質(zhì)量與二氧化硅的質(zhì)量比為4:3,六偏磷酸鈉的質(zhì)量分?jǐn)?shù)為2%時(shí),催化劑表現(xiàn)出最好的光催化效果,3 h對(duì)甲苯的降解率為98%,礦化率為87%。進(jìn)行了硅溶膠固載TiO_2表面改性的研究,分別選用氟碳乳液、硅丙乳液、鋁溶膠、硅烷偶聯(lián)劑KH-570進(jìn)行表面改性,減少催化劑裂痕。發(fā)現(xiàn)4種方法都能對(duì)催化劑進(jìn)行改性。其中硅烷偶聯(lián)劑改性后的催化劑,光催化效果最佳,當(dāng)二氧化鈦與KH-570質(zhì)量比比為10:3時(shí),p H為2時(shí),催化劑表現(xiàn)出最好的光催化效果,3 h內(nèi)對(duì)甲苯的降解率為94%,礦化率為87%�？疾炷M條件下固載TiO_2催化劑降解甲苯的性能研究。在流動(dòng)態(tài)條件下對(duì)甲苯進(jìn)行降解,結(jié)果表明,紫外光氧化不能對(duì)甲苯進(jìn)行礦化�？疾旆磻�(yīng)條件對(duì)催化劑降解甲苯的影響。結(jié)果表明:污染物在反應(yīng)器中的停留時(shí)間對(duì)甲苯的影響最大,隨著停留時(shí)間增加,催化劑對(duì)甲苯的降解效果越好;隨著甲苯初始度的增加,催化劑對(duì)甲苯的降解率減少;隨著濕度的增加,催化劑對(duì)甲苯的降解率先增大后減小;隨著催化劑量的增加,催化劑的降解率增加。當(dāng)甲苯初始濃度為10 ppm,停留時(shí)間為60 s,相對(duì)濕度為45%時(shí),催化劑對(duì)甲苯的降解率為91.5%,礦化率為71%�？疾齑呋瘎⿲�(duì)不同有機(jī)物的影響,催化劑對(duì)醇類、醛類、醚類都有90%礦化。催化劑表現(xiàn)出良好的壽命,在連續(xù)使用3星期,催化劑依舊能保持對(duì)甲苯88%的降解率。
[Abstract]:Titanium dioxide is the most widely used photocatalyst at present. The catalyst is usually in the form of powder, which is easy to be lost and difficult to be reused. Therefore, the efficient and stable loading of titanium dioxide is an important prerequisite for the industrial application of titanium dioxide. In this paper, silica sol was used as binder, the mixture of catalyst and binder was sprayed on aluminum alloy net by spraying method, and the optimum preparation method of catalyst was selected by optimizing and modifying silica sol. The catalytic activity for toluene degradation was also investigated. The direct spraying of TiO_2 on silica sol was studied. The catalytic activity of titanium dioxide supported on different binders was compared. The results showed that the catalyst showed the best effect when silica sol was used as binder. In order to further optimize the preparation method of catalyst, the mass ratio of silica sol to titanium dioxide and dispersant were optimized. The results showed that the mass ratio of titanium dioxide to silica was 4? When the mass fraction of sodium hexametaphosphate was 2%, the catalyst showed the best photocatalytic effect. The degradation rate of toluene was 98% and the mineralization rate was 87% for 3 h. The surface modification of silica sol-supported TiO_2 was studied. Fluorocarbon emulsion, silicone-acrylic emulsion, aluminum sol and silane coupling agent KH-570 were used to modify the surface of silica sol to reduce the cracking of catalyst. It was found that all four methods could modify the catalyst. When the mass ratio of TIO _ 2 to KH-570 was 10: 3, the catalyst showed the best photocatalytic effect, and the degradation rate of toluene was 94% within 3 h, when the mass ratio of TIO _ 2 to KH-570 was 10: 3, the catalyst showed the best photocatalytic effect. The mineralization rate is 87%. The performance of supported TiO_2 catalyst for toluene degradation under simulated conditions was investigated. Toluene was degraded under dynamic flow conditions, and the results showed that toluene could not be mineralized by UV oxidation. The effect of reaction conditions on the degradation of toluene by catalyst was investigated. The results showed that the residence time of pollutants in the reactor had the greatest influence on toluene, and the degradation efficiency of toluene was better with the increase of residence time, and the degradation rate of toluene decreased with the increase of initial degree of toluene, and the degradation rate of toluene decreased with the increase of initial degree of toluene. With the increase of humidity, the degradation rate of toluene increased first and then decreased, and the degradation rate of catalyst increased with the increase of catalyst dosage. When the initial concentration of toluene was 10 ppm, and the residence time was 60 s and the relative humidity was 45%, the degradation rate of toluene and mineralization rate were 91.5% and 71%, respectively. The effects of catalysts on different organic compounds were investigated. The catalysts had 90% mineralization of alcohols aldehydes and ethers. The catalyst showed a good life. After 3 weeks of continuous use, the catalyst could still keep the degradation rate of p-toluene at 88%.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：O614.411;O643.36

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