【摘要】：電子計(jì)算機(jī)的發(fā)展給人類社會進(jìn)步帶來了極大的推動作用,但是隨著電子計(jì)算機(jī)制造工藝趨于極限,人們迫切需要找到一種新的計(jì)算體系來滿足日益增長的計(jì)算需求。DNA計(jì)算因其超強(qiáng)的信息存儲、大規(guī)模的并行計(jì)算能力和超低的能耗而受到了廣泛的關(guān)注。自1994年Adleman博士在實(shí)驗(yàn)室利用DNA完成了一個6頂點(diǎn)哈密爾頓路求解問題開始,各種計(jì)算模型紛紛涌現(xiàn)。本文首先對DNA計(jì)算的基本原理和實(shí)驗(yàn)操作手段進(jìn)行了簡單的介紹,然后對DNA相關(guān)的理論進(jìn)行了闡述,包括DNA計(jì)算中序列編碼設(shè)計(jì)的理論、DNA計(jì)算模型復(fù)雜度分析與通用計(jì)算能力的證明;在此基礎(chǔ)上,對突破性的DNA計(jì)算模型進(jìn)行了概括,進(jìn)而根據(jù)實(shí)驗(yàn)操作的具體手段將所有已知模型進(jìn)行了分類,按照類別進(jìn)行了綜述,并隨后挑選了該類別中經(jīng)典的模型進(jìn)行更為直觀的分析。更進(jìn)一步,在文章的最后,結(jié)合筆者的工作對DNA計(jì)算領(lǐng)域的前景進(jìn)行了展望。
[Abstract]:The development of electronic computer has brought great impetus to the progress of human society, but with the electronic computer manufacturing technology approaching to the limit, There is an urgent need to find a new computing system to meet the increasing demand for computing. DNA computing has received extensive attention due to its super-strong information storage, large-scale parallel computing capacity and ultra-low energy consumption. Since Dr. Adleman used DNA to solve a 6-vertex Hamiltonian problem in 1994, a variety of computational models have emerged. In this paper, the basic principle and experimental operation means of DNA computing are introduced briefly, and then the related theories of DNA are expounded, including the theory of sequence coding design in DNA computation. The complexity analysis of DNA computing model and the proof of general computing ability; On this basis, the breakthrough DNA computing model is summarized, and then all the known models are classified according to the specific means of experimental operation, and are summarized according to the categories. And then select the classical model in this category for more intuitive analysis. Furthermore, at the end of the paper, the prospect of DNA computing field is prospected according to the author's work.
【作者單位】： 國防科技大學(xué)計(jì)算機(jī)學(xué)院并行與分布重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室;軍事醫(yī)學(xué)研究院輻射醫(yī)學(xué)研究所;中國科學(xué)院上海應(yīng)用物理研究所物理生物學(xué)研究室;
【基金】：國家自然科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目(No.21422508)資助~~
【分類號】：O6-39

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