【摘要】：超級(jí)電容器作為新型換能與儲(chǔ)能設(shè)備,因有高充放電速度、較長(zhǎng)的循環(huán)壽命、較高的功率密度等優(yōu)點(diǎn)而廣泛用于便攜式電子設(shè)備、電動(dòng)汽車(chē)等。導(dǎo)電高分子聚吡咯(PPy)因具有良好的化學(xué)穩(wěn)定性、環(huán)境友好、較高的電導(dǎo)率、易合成等優(yōu)點(diǎn),是超電容優(yōu)選的電極材料。本論文以吡咯為單體,三氯化鐵為氧化劑,水和氯仿為溶劑,以Span80、Tween80、OP10三種非離子型表面活性劑單獨(dú)或復(fù)配使用,利用表面活性劑的特性調(diào)控界面多分散體系,制造軟模板合成聚吡咯。通過(guò)紅外光譜測(cè)試、掃描電子顯微鏡測(cè)試、電性能測(cè)試(循環(huán)伏安、恒電流充放電)對(duì)PPy的化學(xué)結(jié)構(gòu)、微觀形貌和電化學(xué)性能進(jìn)行表征,研究表明:Span80、OP10、Tween80單獨(dú)使用對(duì)聚吡咯化學(xué)結(jié)構(gòu)影響不大,但對(duì)微觀形貌和電性能影響顯著。25℃條件下可合成“泡狀”、“囊泡”、“水藻”等不同結(jié)構(gòu);在Span80為3.32 g/L時(shí),可制備PPy比電容368.18 F/g,微觀形貌為孔隙均勻分布的膜狀。采用Span80/Tween80、Span80/OP10雙組份復(fù)配體系時(shí),改變親水親油平衡值(HLB值),比電容隨HLB值的增加呈“W”形變化;Span80/Tween80復(fù)配效果優(yōu)于Span80/OP10。當(dāng) HLB 值為 12.00,Span80 為 1.402×10-1 g/L,Tween80 為 3.598×10-1 g/L,可制備最大比電容354.21 F/g,呈“泡狀”結(jié)構(gòu)的PPy。復(fù)配為三元體系,調(diào)節(jié)不同用量,當(dāng)復(fù)配總濃度為 3.00 g/L,HLB 值為 10.00 時(shí),Span80、OP10、Tween80 濃度分別為 1.27 g/L、1.27 g/L和0.46 g/L,比電容最大值為432.80 F/g,其形貌為“多褶皺囊泡”,循環(huán)穩(wěn)定性較佳,經(jīng)1000次循環(huán),比電容保留87.50%。
[Abstract]:As a new type of energy transfer and energy storage equipment, supercapacitors are widely used in portable electronic equipment, electric vehicles and so on because of their advantages of high charge and discharge speed, long cycle life and high power density. Polypyrrole (PPy), a conductive polymer, is an excellent electrode material for its excellent chemical stability, environmental friendliness, high conductivity and easy synthesis. In this paper, using pyrrole as monomer, ferric chloride as oxidant, water and chloroform as solvent, three kinds of Nonionic surfactants of Span80,Tween80,OP10 were used alone or in combination. Synthesis of polypyrrole by making soft template. The chemical structure, microstructure and electrochemical properties of PPy were characterized by IR, SEM and electrical properties (cyclic voltammetry, constant current charge-discharge). The results showed that: Span80,OP10, Using Tween80 alone had little effect on the chemical structure of polypyrrole, but had a significant effect on the microstructure and electrical properties. Different structures such as "bubble", "vesicle" and "algae" could be synthesized at 25 鈩，

本文編號(hào)：2302432