基于咪唑陽離子的雙離子氫鍵理論研究
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-10-30 08:32
【摘要】：1、離子液體以其獨(dú)特的性質(zhì)及廣泛的應(yīng)用吸引了人們的注意。而氫鍵作為離子液體中一種重要的非共價(jià)作用,其數(shù)量與強(qiáng)弱將影響離子液體的性質(zhì)。因此本文將使用量子化學(xué)的計(jì)算方法對(duì)兩種咪唑類陽離子(一甲基咪唑陽離子[Mim]+、1,3-二甲基咪唑陽離子[Mmim]+)及不同的陰離子([NO3]-、[ClO4]-、[BF4]-、[AlCl4]-、[Al2Cl7]-)結(jié)合形成的離子對(duì)及氫鍵進(jìn)行研究。(1)在MP2/6-311++G(d,p)理論水平上對(duì)一甲基咪唑[Mim]+類復(fù)合物([Mim]+[NO3]-、[Mim]+[ClO4]-、[Mim]+[BF4]-、[Mim]+[AlCl4]-、[Mim]+[Al2Cl7]-)進(jìn)行結(jié)構(gòu)優(yōu)化及性質(zhì)計(jì)算。通過對(duì)這些復(fù)合物進(jìn)行結(jié)構(gòu)分析、相互作用能比較、自然鍵軌道(NBO)中的二階微擾能分析、電荷轉(zhuǎn)移量比較、分子中的原子(AIM)分析,結(jié)果表明:a.所有的陰陽離子對(duì)之間都發(fā)生了電荷轉(zhuǎn)移,證明陰、陽離子之間形成氫鍵。b.通過對(duì)離子對(duì)中形成的氫鍵的平衡距離、二階微擾能E(2)及AIM進(jìn)行分析和比較,結(jié)果表明:質(zhì)子性的NH···X氫鍵的強(qiáng)度強(qiáng)于非質(zhì)子性的CH···X氫鍵。c.正負(fù)離子間的總相互作用能變化趨勢與氫鍵強(qiáng)弱的順序是一致的,[Mim]+[NO3]-[Mim]+[ClO4]-[Mim]+[BF4]-[Mim]+[AlCl4]-。d.陰離子從側(cè)面接觸[Mim]+形成的”side”構(gòu)象比從上面接觸形成的“top”構(gòu)象更利于氫鍵的形成。(2)在MP2/6-311++G(d,p)理論水平上對(duì)1,3-二甲基咪唑[Mmim]+類復(fù)合物([Mmim]+[NO3]-、[Mmim]+[ClO4]-、[Mmim]+[BF4]-、[Mmim]+[AlCl4]-、[Mim]+[Al2Cl7]-)進(jìn)行結(jié)構(gòu)優(yōu)化及相互作用能計(jì)算。通過與一系列的一甲基咪唑[Mim]+類復(fù)合物進(jìn)行對(duì)比,結(jié)果表明:a.1,3-二甲基咪唑[Mmim]+類復(fù)合物的氫鍵均比相應(yīng)的一甲基咪唑[Mim]+類復(fù)合物氫鍵弱,這是因?yàn)槿鄙儋|(zhì)子性的N-H鍵的存在。b.[Mmim]+[AlCl4]-的穩(wěn)定構(gòu)型及相互作用能和化合物[Mmim]+[Al2Cl7]-的很形似,這與[Mim]+[AlCl4]-和[Mim]+[Al2Cl7]-的結(jié)論類似。c.氫鍵強(qiáng)弱順序?yàn)閇Mmim]+[NO3]-[Mmim]+[ClO4]-[Mmim]+[BF4]-[Mmim]+[AlCl4]-,與一甲基咪唑[Mim]+類復(fù)合物結(jié)論一致。2、本文采用密度泛函理論(DFT),在B3LYP/6-311++G(d,p)理論水平上并結(jié)合D3校正研究了不同的陽離子([Mim]+、[Mmim]+)和陰離子([NO3]-、[ClO4]-、[BF4]-、[AlCl4]-、[Al2Cl7]-)及離子對(duì)([Mim]+[ClO4]-、[Mmim]+[NO3]-)分別與SO2分子形成復(fù)合物的幾何構(gòu)型及相互作用能。結(jié)果表明:SO2與[Mim]+形成一個(gè)N-H···O-S和一個(gè)C-H···O-S型氫鍵,而與[Mmim]+形成兩個(gè)C-H···O-S型氫鍵,兩者作用能相差約14kJ·mol-1。SO2與陰離子NO3-、ClO4-、BF4-、AlCl4-之間通過O-Sδ+···Xδ-型的靜電引力結(jié)合,作用力介于38~90 kJ·mol-1。結(jié)果表明SO2與陽離子間的C-H···O-S型氫鍵及與陰離子間的靜電引力是咪唑陽離子類離子液體脫硫效果的主要來源。
[Abstract]:1. Ionic liquids have attracted much attention for their unique properties and wide applications. As an important noncovalent interaction in ionic liquids, the amount and strength of hydrogen bonds will affect the properties of ionic liquids. Therefore, two kinds of imidazole cations (Mim, Mmim) and different anions ([NO3] -, [ClO4] -, [BF4] -) and different anions ([NO3] -, [ClO4] -, [BF4] -) are calculated by quantum chemistry. [AlCl4] -, [Al2Cl7] -) binding ion pairs and hydrogen bonds were studied. (1) at the theoretical level of MP2/6-311 G (DNP), the complexes of [Mim] [Mim] class ([Mim] [NO3] -], [Mim] [ClO4] -, [Mim] [BF4] -, [Mim] [AlCl4] -, [Mim] [Al2Cl7] -) for structural optimization and properties calculation. By analyzing the structure of these complexes, comparing the interaction energy, analyzing the second order perturbation energy in the natural bond orbital (NBO), comparing the charge transfer amount, and analyzing the atomic (AIM) in the molecule, the results show that: a. Charge transfer occurs between all pairs of anions and cations, proving that hydrogen bonds are formed between anions and cations. The equilibrium distance of hydrogen bond formed in ion pair, second order perturbation energy E (2) and AIM were analyzed and compared. The results show that the strength of proton NH X hydrogen bond is stronger than that of non proton CH X hydrogen bond. The change trend of total interaction energy between positive and negative ions is consistent with the order of hydrogen bond strength, [Mim] [NO3]-[Mim] [ClO4]-[Mim] [BF4]-[Mim] [AlCl4] -. The "side" conformation formed by the side contact of anions [Mim] is more favorable to the formation of hydrogen bonds than the "top" conformation formed from the above contact. (2) in MP2/6-311 G (d, the formation of hydrogen bonds is more favorable. P) at the theoretical level, the complexes of [Mmim] [NO3] -, [Mmim] [ClO4] -, [Mmim] [BF4] -, [Mmim] [AlCl4]- [Mim] [Al2Cl7] -) structure optimization and interaction energy calculation. Compared with a series of monomethyl imidazole [Mim] complexes, the results show that the hydrogen bonds of A. 1 and 3-dimethyl imidazole [Mmim] complexes are weaker than those of the corresponding Mim complexes. This is due to the absence of proton N-H bonds. The stable configuration and interaction energy of [Mmim] [AlCl4]-is similar to that of compound [Mmim] [Al2Cl7]. This is similar to the conclusion of [Mim] [AlCl4]-and [Mim] [Al2Cl7]. The order of hydrogen bond strength is [Mmim] [NO3]-[Mmim] [ClO4]-[Mmim] [BF4]-[Mmim] [AlCl4] -, which is consistent with the conclusion of a methylimidazole [Mim] class complex. 2. The density functional theory (DFT) (DFT), is used in this paper. Different cations ([Mim], [Mmim]) and anions ([NO3] -, [ClO4] -, [BF4] -, [AlCl4] -, [BF4] -, [AlCl4] -] have been studied at the theoretical level of B3LYP/6-311 G (DNP) and D3 correction. [Al2Cl7] -) and [Mim] [ClO4] -, [Mmim] [NO3] -, respectively. The results show that SO2 forms a N-H O-S and C-H O-S hydrogen bonds with [Mim] and two C-H O-S hydrogen bonds with [Mmim]. The difference of the interaction energy between 14kJ mol-1.SO2 and anionic NO3-,ClO4-,BF4-,AlCl4- is about the interaction of O-S 未 X 未-type electrostatic force between NO3-,ClO4-,BF4-,AlCl4- and O-S 未, and the interaction force is between 38 kJ mol-1. and 90 kJ mol-1.. The results show that the C-H O-S hydrogen bond between SO2 and cations and the electrostatic force between SO2 and anions are the main sources of desulfurization effect of imidazole cationic ionic liquids.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山西師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：O641.1
本文編號(hào)：2299491
[Abstract]:1. Ionic liquids have attracted much attention for their unique properties and wide applications. As an important noncovalent interaction in ionic liquids, the amount and strength of hydrogen bonds will affect the properties of ionic liquids. Therefore, two kinds of imidazole cations (Mim, Mmim) and different anions ([NO3] -, [ClO4] -, [BF4] -) and different anions ([NO3] -, [ClO4] -, [BF4] -) are calculated by quantum chemistry. [AlCl4] -, [Al2Cl7] -) binding ion pairs and hydrogen bonds were studied. (1) at the theoretical level of MP2/6-311 G (DNP), the complexes of [Mim] [Mim] class ([Mim] [NO3] -], [Mim] [ClO4] -, [Mim] [BF4] -, [Mim] [AlCl4] -, [Mim] [Al2Cl7] -) for structural optimization and properties calculation. By analyzing the structure of these complexes, comparing the interaction energy, analyzing the second order perturbation energy in the natural bond orbital (NBO), comparing the charge transfer amount, and analyzing the atomic (AIM) in the molecule, the results show that: a. Charge transfer occurs between all pairs of anions and cations, proving that hydrogen bonds are formed between anions and cations. The equilibrium distance of hydrogen bond formed in ion pair, second order perturbation energy E (2) and AIM were analyzed and compared. The results show that the strength of proton NH X hydrogen bond is stronger than that of non proton CH X hydrogen bond. The change trend of total interaction energy between positive and negative ions is consistent with the order of hydrogen bond strength, [Mim] [NO3]-[Mim] [ClO4]-[Mim] [BF4]-[Mim] [AlCl4] -. The "side" conformation formed by the side contact of anions [Mim] is more favorable to the formation of hydrogen bonds than the "top" conformation formed from the above contact. (2) in MP2/6-311 G (d, the formation of hydrogen bonds is more favorable. P) at the theoretical level, the complexes of [Mmim] [NO3] -, [Mmim] [ClO4] -, [Mmim] [BF4] -, [Mmim] [AlCl4]- [Mim] [Al2Cl7] -) structure optimization and interaction energy calculation. Compared with a series of monomethyl imidazole [Mim] complexes, the results show that the hydrogen bonds of A. 1 and 3-dimethyl imidazole [Mmim] complexes are weaker than those of the corresponding Mim complexes. This is due to the absence of proton N-H bonds. The stable configuration and interaction energy of [Mmim] [AlCl4]-is similar to that of compound [Mmim] [Al2Cl7]. This is similar to the conclusion of [Mim] [AlCl4]-and [Mim] [Al2Cl7]. The order of hydrogen bond strength is [Mmim] [NO3]-[Mmim] [ClO4]-[Mmim] [BF4]-[Mmim] [AlCl4] -, which is consistent with the conclusion of a methylimidazole [Mim] class complex. 2. The density functional theory (DFT) (DFT), is used in this paper. Different cations ([Mim], [Mmim]) and anions ([NO3] -, [ClO4] -, [BF4] -, [AlCl4] -, [BF4] -, [AlCl4] -] have been studied at the theoretical level of B3LYP/6-311 G (DNP) and D3 correction. [Al2Cl7] -) and [Mim] [ClO4] -, [Mmim] [NO3] -, respectively. The results show that SO2 forms a N-H O-S and C-H O-S hydrogen bonds with [Mim] and two C-H O-S hydrogen bonds with [Mmim]. The difference of the interaction energy between 14kJ mol-1.SO2 and anionic NO3-,ClO4-,BF4-,AlCl4- is about the interaction of O-S 未 X 未-type electrostatic force between NO3-,ClO4-,BF4-,AlCl4- and O-S 未, and the interaction force is between 38 kJ mol-1. and 90 kJ mol-1.. The results show that the C-H O-S hydrogen bond between SO2 and cations and the electrostatic force between SO2 and anions are the main sources of desulfurization effect of imidazole cationic ionic liquids.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山西師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：O641.1
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