【摘要】：聚合物的相容性是決定共混材料相界面結(jié)構(gòu)、形態(tài)、性質(zhì)以及相關(guān)力學(xué)性能的關(guān)鍵因素。同理,聚合物共混物的某些力學(xué)行為,在一定程度上也反映了共混組分間的相容性。由于聚合物的拉伸性能測試是表征其力學(xué)性能最簡單的方法。因此,利用聚合物共混物拉伸應(yīng)力-應(yīng)變曲線,探尋其行為與共混物相容性的關(guān)聯(lián)關(guān)系,具有一定的理論與實際意義。本文利用反應(yīng)型增容劑PP-g-MAH、EPDM-g-MAH、SMA、SAN-g-MAH,通過熔融共混的方法制備了一系列PA6基共混物。研究了共混物在不同溫度下的拉伸應(yīng)力-應(yīng)變行為,發(fā)現(xiàn)共混物的拉伸行為與體系相容性存在一定的關(guān)聯(lián),并通過掃描電子顯微鏡(SEM)、轉(zhuǎn)動態(tài)熱分析儀(DMA)、轉(zhuǎn)矩流變儀和Molau實驗對共混物的相容性情況進行驗證。首先研究了不同共混組成的PA6/PP共混物的拉伸應(yīng)力-應(yīng)變行為,發(fā)現(xiàn)隨著分散相PP含量的增加,共混物的拉伸強度和斷裂伸長率呈現(xiàn)規(guī)律性遞減。通過DMA、SEM測試表明,PA6/PP共混物體系隨著分散相PP含量的增加相容性逐漸變差。進一步對PA6/PP共混物拉伸過程中的成頸變形能量(Qd)進行定義、計算,發(fā)現(xiàn)對不同組成的PA6/PP共混物而言,其Qd值越大,共混物相容性越好。其次制備了PP-g-MAH、EPDM-g-MAH增容的PA6/PP(半晶性/結(jié)晶性)共混物,研究了共混體系在不同拉伸溫度下的拉伸應(yīng)力-應(yīng)變行為,結(jié)果表明,添加了增容劑的共混物的拉伸強度和斷裂伸長率顯著升高,且用PP-g-MAH增容的共混物體系具有最大的拉伸強度和斷裂伸長率。SEM、轉(zhuǎn)矩流變儀、Molau實驗也驗證了反應(yīng)性增容劑的添加有效地改善了PA6/PP共混物體系的相容性,增容劑PP-g-MAH相較于EPDM-g-MAH對體系的增容效果更好。通過成頸變形能計算表明在增容PA6/PP共混物體系中,Qd越大,其共混物的相容性越好。最后制備了SMA、SAN-g-MAH增容的PA6/ABS(半晶性/非晶性)共混物,通過控制拉伸測試溫度研究了共混物體系的拉伸應(yīng)力-應(yīng)變行為,并討論了不同增容劑對共混體系相容性的改善情況。不同溫度下的共混物的拉伸行為表明,添加了增容劑共混物的拉伸強度和斷裂伸長率顯著升高,且用SMA增容的共混物體系具有最大的拉伸強度和斷裂伸長率。SEM、轉(zhuǎn)矩流變儀、Molau實驗表明反應(yīng)性增容劑的添加有效的改善了PA6/ABS共混物體系的相容性,增容劑SMA相較于SAN-g-MAH對體系的增容效果更好。通過成頸變形能計算表明在增容PA6/ABS共混物體系中,Qd越大,其共混物的相容性越好。
[Abstract]:The compatibility of polymer is the key factor to determine the interfacial structure, morphology, properties and related mechanical properties of the blends. In the same way, some mechanical behaviors of polymer blends also reflect the compatibility of the blends to some extent. Because the tensile property of polymer is the simplest way to characterize its mechanical properties. Therefore, it is of theoretical and practical significance to explore the relationship between the behavior of polymer blends and the compatibility of the blends by using the tensile stress-strain curves of polymer blends. A series of PA6 based blends were prepared by melt blending with reactive compatibilizer PP-g-MAH,EPDM-g-MAH,SMA,SAN-g-MAH,. The tensile stress-strain behavior of the blends at different temperatures was studied. It was found that the tensile behavior of the blends was related to the compatibility of the blends. The compatibility of the blends was verified by scanning electron microscope (SEM) (SEM), dynamic thermal analyzer (DMA), torque rheometer and Molau experiment. The tensile stress-strain behavior of PA6/PP blends with different compositions was studied. It was found that the tensile strength and elongation at break of PA6/PP blends decreased regularly with the increase of PP content in dispersed phase. DMA,SEM test showed that the miscibility of PA6/PP blends became worse with the increase of PP content of dispersed phase. Furthermore, the necking deformation energy (Qd) during the stretching of PA6/PP blends was defined and calculated. It was found that the higher the Qd value of PA6/PP blends was, the better the compatibility of the blends was. Secondly, PA6/PP (semicrystalline / crystalline) blends with PP-g-MAH,EPDM-g-MAH compatibilization were prepared. The tensile stress-strain behavior of the blends at different tensile temperatures was studied. The tensile strength and elongation at break of the blends with compatibilizer increased significantly. SEM, torque rheometer and Molau experiment also proved that the addition of reactive compatibilizer can effectively improve the compatibility of PA6/PP blends. The compatibilizer PP-g-MAH has better compatibilization effect than EPDM-g-MAH. The necking deformation energy calculation shows that the greater the Qd, the better the compatibility of the blends in the compatibilized PA6/PP blends. Finally, PA6/ABS (semicrystalline / amorphous) blends with SMA,SAN-g-MAH compatibilization were prepared. The tensile stress-strain behavior of the blends was studied by controlling the tensile test temperature, and the improvement of the compatibility of the blends with different compatibilizers was discussed. The tensile behavior of the blends at different temperatures showed that the tensile strength and elongation at break of the blends with the addition of compatibilizer increased significantly. SEM, torque rheometer and Molau experiment show that the addition of reactive compatibilizer can effectively improve the compatibility of PA6/ABS blends. The compatibilizer SMA has better compatibilization effect than SAN-g-MAH. The necking deformation energy calculation shows that the greater the Qd, the better the compatibility of the blends in the compatibilized PA6/ABS blends.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：湘潭大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：O631.21

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