【摘要】：規(guī)整排列的碗狀陣列結構在光學,微反應器等方面有廣泛的運用,不過目前的問題是碗狀陣列的取向性不容易控制,用傳統(tǒng)的自組裝方法并不能很好的實現取向的均一,所以用簡便通用的方法獲得規(guī)整取向的碗狀陣列一直是人們的研究重點。規(guī)整排列的異形粒子,比如規(guī)整排列的形狀各異的Janus粒子,在光學性能方面與一般的球形粒子相比,有可能獲得完全的光子禁帶,或是用于制備光學器件如納米透鏡等,所以也引起了人們的廣泛關注,不過這種粒子的排列更為困難,如果借助外場則會對微球和運用條件方面有諸多限制,所以如何能簡便的控制取向和形貌也是大家關注的熱點。本文通過分散聚合兩步法先制備出PS-DVB核殼微球,再利用注射器法使微球在水面規(guī)整的排列,然后將規(guī)整排列的核殼微球進行溶劑處理,通過調控處理條件和球的性質就可以獲得規(guī)整排列的納米碗結構或異形粒子結構。本文方法的特點是操作簡便,結果重復性好,并且用類似的操作可以得到規(guī)整排列的碗狀陣列或規(guī)整排列的異形粒子,取向性的問題也能很好的解決。在制備微球的過程中,通過控制加料時間、加入二乙烯基苯的含量、加入過硫酸銨和甲基丙烯酸甲酯的含量,可以對PS-DVB核殼微球的表面的疏水性、微球的凝膠含量及殼層厚度進行控制,通過對反應介質極性的改變,也可以對微球的粒徑進行調控,這些在制備球過程中調控的因素在后面對球的形貌的控制方面有重要的作用。在溶劑處理的過程中,通過對球的凝膠含量、球的表面疏水性、溶劑處理時間和溶劑處理類型等因素的控制,可以控制球的變形結果,并對球的形貌進行調控。凝膠含量較低、殼層較薄的樣品可以很容易的獲得規(guī)整排列的納米碗狀陣列,納米碗的深度和形貌也可以通過處理時間和溶劑類型進行調控;球表面疏水性較小、凝膠含量較低的樣品可以比較容易獲得規(guī)整排列的異形粒子陣列,通過對球的疏水性的大小和處理溶劑的調控,也可以對異形粒子陣列的形貌進行調控。
[Abstract]:Structured bowl arrays are widely used in optics, microreactors and so on. However, the problem is that the orientation of bowl arrays is not easy to control, and the traditional self-assembly method is not able to achieve uniformity of orientation. Therefore, it is always the focus of research to obtain the bowl-shaped array with regular orientation by a simple and universal method. Irregular particles, such as structured Janus particles of different shapes, have the possibility of obtaining complete photonic bandgap compared with normal spherical particles in terms of optical properties, or used to fabricate optical devices such as nanophones. So people pay more attention to this kind of particles, but it is more difficult to arrange the particles. If the outside field is used, there will be a lot of restrictions on the microspheres and application conditions, so how to easily control the orientation and morphology is also the focus of attention. In this paper, PS-DVB core-shell microspheres were prepared by two steps of dispersion polymerization, then the microspheres were arranged on the surface of water by injector method, and then the core-shell microspheres were treated with solvent. By adjusting the treatment conditions and the properties of the ball, we can obtain the structured nano-bowl structure or the special-shaped particle structure. The characteristic of this method is that it is easy to operate and the results are reproducible, and the problem of orientation can be solved well by using the similar operation to obtain regular bowl arrays or irregular particles. In the process of preparing microspheres, the hydrophobicity of PS-DVB core-shell microspheres can be improved by controlling the feeding time, adding the content of divinylbenzene, adding ammonium persulfate and methyl methacrylate. The gel content and shell thickness of the microspheres can be controlled by changing the polarity of the reaction medium, and the particle size of the microspheres can also be controlled. These factors play an important role in controlling the morphology of the spheres. In the process of solvent treatment, by controlling the gel content, surface hydrophobicity, solvent treatment time and the type of solvent treatment, the deformation of the ball can be controlled, and the morphology of the ball can be controlled. The gel content is low, the shell layer thin sample can easily obtain the regular arrangement of the nano-bowl array, the depth and morphology of the nano-bowl can also be controlled by the treatment time and the type of solvent, the hydrophobicity of the spherical surface is relatively small, It is easy to obtain irregular particle arrays with low gel content. The morphology of irregular particle arrays can also be controlled by controlling the hydrophobicity of the spheres and the treatment solvent.
【學位授予單位】：北京化工大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：O734
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本文編號：2260750