發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-08-21 12:59

【摘要】：農(nóng)用薄膜在農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)中發(fā)揮著越來越重的作用,對(duì)其添加轉(zhuǎn)光劑使薄膜具有轉(zhuǎn)光作用可以顯著的提高農(nóng)作物對(duì)太陽(yáng)光的利用率,增加農(nóng)產(chǎn)品產(chǎn)量。傳統(tǒng)的轉(zhuǎn)光劑主要包括有機(jī)染料類、稀土配合物類、無(wú)機(jī)鹽類等,這些傳統(tǒng)轉(zhuǎn)光劑在實(shí)際生產(chǎn)和應(yīng)用中往往存在發(fā)光效率低下、易團(tuán)聚、成膜困難、生產(chǎn)成本高等缺點(diǎn)。因此研制更加高效的轉(zhuǎn)光材料對(duì)高效利用光能至關(guān)重要。本文制備了三種新型轉(zhuǎn)光材料,并將其制備成膜,取得較為滿意的效果。(1)以熒光效應(yīng)較強(qiáng)的稀土鋱為中心,選擇高分子長(zhǎng)鏈聚乙丙交酯為第一配體,對(duì)水溶液中形成的配合物進(jìn)行了研究。實(shí)驗(yàn)確定了鋱、聚乙丙交酯以及甘氨酸為優(yōu)良協(xié)配體的最佳用量。進(jìn)一步研究發(fā)現(xiàn),加入不同表面活性劑可以對(duì)配合物熒光強(qiáng)度產(chǎn)生增強(qiáng)的效果,其中十二烷基磺酸鈉效果最好;同時(shí)探究了酸堿性對(duì)體系熒光的影響。最終確定在pH為9的情況下,鋱:聚乙丙交酯:甘氨酸:十二烷基磺酸鈉為1:0.5:3:1時(shí)熒光效果最強(qiáng)。對(duì)于獲得的鋱-聚乙丙交酯-甘氨酸配合物,其熒光激發(fā)波長(zhǎng)為249nm,發(fā)射波長(zhǎng)為544 nm,將該配合物以摻雜法制備聚氯乙烯薄膜,得到的薄膜可將太陽(yáng)光的紫外光轉(zhuǎn)化為作物光合作用需要的可見光。(2)選擇熒光效應(yīng)較強(qiáng)的稀土元素銪為中心離子,以甲基苯駢三氮唑?yàn)榈谝慌潴w,以鄰菲羅啉為協(xié)配體,對(duì)乙醇溶液中形成的配合物熒光進(jìn)行了研究。試驗(yàn)確定了銪、甲基苯駢三氮唑和鄰苯二甲酸癸酯的最佳體積配比。進(jìn)一步研究發(fā)現(xiàn),加入表面活性劑十六烷基三甲基溴化銨會(huì)顯著的增強(qiáng)配合物的熒光。對(duì)于獲得的銪-甲基苯駢三氮唑-鄰苯二甲酸癸酯-十六烷基三甲基溴化銨配合物,將其摻雜到塑料薄膜中,并對(duì)薄膜熒光表征。得到熒光激發(fā)波長(zhǎng)為350 nm,發(fā)射波長(zhǎng)為613 nm,即得到可以使太陽(yáng)光的紫外部分轉(zhuǎn)換為農(nóng)作物光合作用所需要的紅橙光的稀土光轉(zhuǎn)換膜。(3)選用熒光效應(yīng)強(qiáng)的羅丹明B,以聚乙二醇1000為長(zhǎng)鏈,通過酯化反應(yīng)對(duì)其衍生,得到具有脂溶性長(zhǎng)鏈的羅丹明B衍生物。并對(duì)獲得的衍生物進(jìn)行紅外、熒光表征。對(duì)于獲得的羅丹明B衍生物,其熒光激發(fā)波長(zhǎng)為568 nm,而發(fā)射波長(zhǎng)為603 nm,將該衍生物以一定比例加到農(nóng)用塑料薄膜中,制備出可以使日光的黃綠光轉(zhuǎn)化為作物光合作用所需的紅橙光的有機(jī)光轉(zhuǎn)化膜。
[Abstract]:Agricultural film plays a more and more important role in agricultural production. Adding light conversion agent to the film can significantly improve the utilization ratio of agricultural crops to sunlight and increase the yield of agricultural products. The traditional transmitters mainly include organic dyes, rare earth complexes, inorganic salts and so on. These traditional transmitters often have the disadvantages of low luminous efficiency, easy agglomeration, difficult film formation and high production cost in practical production and application. Therefore, the development of more efficient light conversion materials is very important for the efficient use of light energy. In this paper, three new light conversion materials were prepared, and the films were prepared with satisfactory results. (1) with the rare earth terbium with strong fluorescence effect as the center, the polymer with long chain poly (ethylene lactide) as the first ligand was selected as the first ligand. The complex formed in aqueous solution was studied. The optimum dosage of terbium, poly (ethylene lactide) and glycine as excellent coligand was determined. It was found that the fluorescence intensity of the complex could be enhanced by adding different surfactants, and the effect of sodium dodecyl sulfonate was the best, and the effect of acid and alkalinity on the fluorescence of the system was also investigated. At pH 9, the fluorescence effect of terbium: poly (ethyllactide), glycine and sodium dodecyl sulfonate was 1: 0.5: 3: 1. For the terbium polyglycine complex, the fluorescence excitation wavelength and emission wavelength are 249 nm and 544 nm respectively. The film can convert UV light from solar light to visible light needed by crop photosynthesis. (2) Europium, a rare earth element with strong fluorescence effect, is selected as center ion, methyl benzotriazole as first ligand and o-phenanthroline as coligand. The fluorescence of complex formed in ethanol solution was studied. The optimum volume ratio of europium, methyl benzotriazole and decyl phthalate was determined. It was found that the addition of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide significantly enhanced the fluorescence of the complex. The complexes of europi-methyl benzotriazole-decyl phthalate and cetyltrimethylammonium bromide were doped into plastic film and characterized by fluorescence. The fluorescence excitation wavelength is 350 nm and the emission wavelength is 613 nm, that is, the rare earth light conversion film which can convert the ultraviolet part of the solar light into the red orange light needed for the photosynthesis of crops is obtained. (3) Rhodamine B with strong fluorescence effect is selected. Polyethylene glycol 1000 is a long chain, Rhodamine B derivatives with fat soluble long chain were obtained by esterification reaction. The obtained derivatives were characterized by IR and fluorescence. For the Rhodamine B derivative, the fluorescence excitation wavelength is 568 nm and the emission wavelength is 603 nm. An organic light conversion film was prepared, which can transform the yellowish green light from sunlight into the red orange light needed for crop photosynthesis.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號(hào)】：O641.4

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本文編號(hào)：2195806