【摘要】：兩性聚丙烯酰胺(AmPAM)是一種分子內(nèi)含有陰、陽離子基團水溶性高分子化合物,因有較好的溶解性、絮凝性、交聯(lián)性、增粘性等優(yōu)點,在水處理、造紙、石油和選礦等領(lǐng)域具有廣泛的應(yīng)用和發(fā)展前景。本文采用光引發(fā)方式,通過共聚法,選用三種不同陽離子單體甲基丙烯酰氧乙基三甲基氯化銨(DMC)、丙烯酰氧乙基三甲基氯化銨(DAC)、二甲基二烯丙基氯化銨(DMDAAC)分別于丙烯酰胺(AM)和丙烯酸鈉(AANa)共聚,合成不同類型的AmPAM;研究了反應(yīng)體系的單體配比、單體質(zhì)量分?jǐn)?shù)、引發(fā)劑的用量、光照時間、反應(yīng)溫度、溶液pH、尿素添加量等因素對產(chǎn)物特性粘數(shù)的影響,考察了聚合物的特性粘數(shù)和用量等因素對絮凝效果的影響。陽離子單體為DMC的兩性聚丙烯酰胺P(AM-DMC-AANa)最佳合成條件:n(AM):n(NaAA):n(DMC)=1:0.63:0.14,單體質(zhì)量分?jǐn)?shù)為38%,引發(fā)劑用量為0.06%,光照時間為2h,反應(yīng)溫度為35℃,溶液pH為7.5,尿素添加量為3%,所得產(chǎn)物特性粘數(shù)為834.13mL/g,陽離子度為7.91%,陰離子度為35.59%,AM殘留量為0.037%。紅外光譜和核磁氫譜分析表明:所得產(chǎn)物符合P(AM-DMC-AANa)的結(jié)構(gòu)特征;較佳絮凝條件為:特性粘數(shù)為834.13mL/g的絮凝劑用量為10mg/L,上清液透光率可達90%,沉降速率可達47cm/min。陽離子單體為DAC的兩性聚丙烯酰胺P(AM-DAC-AANa)最佳合成條件:n(AM):n(AANa):n(DAC)=1:0.70:0.20,單體質(zhì)量分?jǐn)?shù) 30%,光引發(fā)劑用量 0.08%,光照時間2.5h,反應(yīng)溫度30℃,溶液pH為7,尿素添加量為5%;所得產(chǎn)品特性粘數(shù)為1022.37mL/g,陽離子度為10.53%,陰離子度為36.84%,AM殘留量為0.031%。紅外光譜和核磁氫譜分析表明:所得產(chǎn)物符合P(AM-DAC-AANa)的結(jié)構(gòu)特征;較佳絮凝條件為:特性粘數(shù)為963.14mL/g的絮凝劑用量為10mg/L,上清液透光率可達98%,沉降速率可達58cm/min。陽離子單體為DMDAAC的兩性聚丙烯酰胺P(AM-DMDAAC-AANa)最佳合成條件:在 n(AM):n(AANa):n(DMDAAC)=1:0.65:0.16,單體質(zhì)量分?jǐn)?shù)為32%,引發(fā)劑用量為0.08%,光照時間為2.5h,反應(yīng)溫度為30℃,溶液pH為6.5,尿素添加量為3%;所得產(chǎn)物特性粘數(shù)為912.16mL/g,陽離子度為8.73%,陰離子度為35.82%,AM殘留量為0.033%。紅外光譜和核磁氫譜分析表明:所得產(chǎn)物符合P(AM-DMDAAC-AANa)的結(jié)構(gòu)特征。較佳絮凝條件為:特性粘數(shù)為912.16mL/g的絮凝劑用量為8mg/L,上清液透光率可達95%,沉降速率可達56cm/min。
[Abstract]:Amphoteric polyacrylamide (AmPAM) is a kind of water-soluble polymer compound with anionic and cationic groups, which has the advantages of good solubility, flocculation, crosslinking and viscosity, etc., in water treatment, papermaking, etc. Oil and mineral processing and other fields have a wide range of applications and development prospects. In this paper, photoinitiator and copolymerization are used. Three different cationic monomers, methacryloxy ethyl trimethylammonium chloride (DMC),) and (DAC), dimethyldiallylammonium chloride (DMDAAC), were copolymerized with acrylamide (AM) and sodium (AANa) respectively. The effects of monomer ratio, monomer mass fraction, amount of initiator, illumination time, reaction temperature, pH of solution and amount of urea on intrinsic viscosity of the product were studied. The effects of intrinsic viscosity and dosage of polymer on flocculation were investigated. The optimum conditions for the synthesis of amphoteric polyacrylamide P (AM-DMC-AANa) with cationic monomer DMC were as follows: 1: n (AM): n (NaAA): 1: 0.63: 0.14, mass fraction of monomer 38: 0.14, initiator dosage 0.06%, illumination time 2 h, reaction temperature 35 鈩，

本文編號：2192139