【摘要】：非球形貴金屬納米粒子具有更加豐富、可調(diào)的表面等離子體共振(Surface Plasmon Resonance)行為,生物相容性較好,毒性低,以及豐富的表面可修飾性而被廣泛的應(yīng)用于生物方面。本論文中,我們合成了其中一類應(yīng)用較為廣泛的金納米棒,研究了對(duì)其光學(xué)性質(zhì)的調(diào)控及其在生物成像方面的應(yīng)用。論文主要包括以下四部分:第一章為緒論。首先介紹了非球形貴金屬納米粒子,著重介紹了金納米棒及其表面等離子體共振性質(zhì);其次,對(duì)近年來(lái)金納米棒的合成方法進(jìn)行了總結(jié),對(duì)金納米棒表面豐富的可修飾性進(jìn)行了介紹,以及介紹了其在生物方面的應(yīng)用;最后,提出了待解決的問(wèn)題和潛在應(yīng)用,提出本論文的工作設(shè)想;第二章研究了影響金納米棒表面修飾二氧化硅的因素,對(duì)修飾的準(zhǔn)確條件作了一系列考察,例如,影響二氧化硅修飾的條件包括溫度、pH、時(shí)間、正硅酸乙酯(TEOS)的濃度、金納米棒溶液中十六烷基三甲基溴化胺(CTAB)的濃度等因素,并研究了金納米棒表面二氧化硅層厚度調(diào)節(jié),以及繼而在二氧化硅層表面修飾氨基。通過(guò)實(shí)驗(yàn)條件的精確調(diào)控,提高實(shí)驗(yàn)的重復(fù)性。第三章首次提出了通過(guò)金納米棒的等離子體共振性質(zhì)增強(qiáng)金納米團(tuán)簇的熒光,實(shí)現(xiàn)其在生物成像中的應(yīng)用。以牛血清白蛋白(BSA)為配體合成的金納米團(tuán)簇具有較好的熒光性質(zhì)以及良好的生物相容性,但其量子產(chǎn)率較低,一般介于4%到7%之間,大大的限制了其更廣泛的應(yīng)用。我們?cè)O(shè)計(jì)了引入金納米棒,從而利用它的表面等離子體共振性質(zhì),以期達(dá)到提高金納米團(tuán)簇的熒光的效果,并且通過(guò)調(diào)控兩者之間的距離,考察對(duì)金納米團(tuán)簇?zé)晒獾挠绊憽?shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明,當(dāng)金納米棒—金納米團(tuán)簇組裝體兩者距離約為15 nm時(shí)(距離通過(guò)二氧化硅層調(diào)控),金納米團(tuán)簇的熒光強(qiáng)度增強(qiáng)達(dá)到最大,約為5倍;其熒光壽命與單純的金納米團(tuán)簇相比,有所縮短。且由于所得金納米棒—金納米團(tuán)簇組裝體表面有豐富的BSA基團(tuán),不需要對(duì)其進(jìn)一步修飾即可進(jìn)入細(xì)胞內(nèi),最終實(shí)現(xiàn)了其在細(xì)胞內(nèi)的雙功能成像(暗場(chǎng)成像和熒光成像)上的應(yīng)用。第四章為本論文的創(chuàng)新、特色之處以及工作展望。我們對(duì)已經(jīng)開(kāi)展的工作進(jìn)行了一些總結(jié),并對(duì)后續(xù)的研究工作進(jìn)行了展望。
[Abstract]:Non-spherical noble metal nanoparticles have been widely used in biological fields due to their rich, adjustable surface plasmon resonance (Surface Plasmon Resonance) behavior, good biocompatibility, low toxicity and rich surface modifiability. In this thesis, we have synthesized one kind of gold nanorods which are widely used, and studied their optical properties and their applications in biological imaging. The thesis mainly includes the following four parts: the first chapter is the introduction. Firstly, the non-spherical noble metal nanoparticles were introduced, and the gold nanorods and their surface plasmon resonance (SPR) properties were emphasized. Secondly, the synthesis methods of gold nanorods in recent years were summarized. The surface modification of gold nanorods is introduced, and its application in biology is introduced. Finally, the problems to be solved and potential applications are put forward, and the working ideas of this paper are put forward. In the second chapter, the factors affecting the surface modification of gold nanorods were studied, and a series of accurate conditions were investigated. For example, the modification conditions include temperature, pH, time, concentration of ethyl orthosilicate (TEOS). The concentration of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) in gold nanorods solution was studied. The thickness adjustment of silica layer on the surface of gold nanorods and the modification of amino groups on the surface of silica layer were studied. The repeatability of the experiment is improved by the precise regulation of the experimental conditions. In chapter 3, the fluorescence enhancement of gold nanoclusters by the plasmon resonance property of gold nanorods is proposed for the first time, and the application of gold nanorods in biological imaging is realized. Gold nanoclusters synthesized with bovine serum albumin (BSA) as ligands have good fluorescence properties and good biocompatibility, but their quantum yields are generally between 4% and 7%, which greatly limits their wider application. We designed the gold nanorods to make use of their surface plasmon resonance (SPR) properties in order to improve the fluorescence of gold nanoclusters and to investigate the effect on the fluorescence of gold nanoclusters by adjusting the distance between them. The experimental results show that when the distance between gold nanorods and gold nanoclusters is about 15 nm (the distance is controlled by silica layer), the fluorescence intensity of gold nanoclusters increases to the maximum, about 5 times. Its fluorescence lifetime is shorter than that of pure gold nanoclusters. Due to the abundant BSA groups on the surface of the gold nanorods and gold nanoclusters, the gold nanorods can enter the cells without further modification. Finally, it has been applied in cell bifunctional imaging (dark field imaging and fluorescence imaging). The fourth chapter is the innovation of this paper, features and work prospects. We have carried on some summary to the work already carried out, and has carried on the prospect to the follow-up research work.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：安徽師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：O614.123;TB383.1

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