本文選題：石墨烯量子點(diǎn) + G-四鏈體/血紅素脫氧核酶�。� 參考：《吉林大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：近年來(lái)石墨烯量子點(diǎn)的出現(xiàn)引起了人們的廣泛關(guān)注,它將石墨烯與半導(dǎo)體量子點(diǎn)的優(yōu)秀性能集于一身。同時(shí)這種準(zhǔn)零維納米材料具有顯著的量子限域和邊緣效應(yīng),這使得石墨烯量子點(diǎn)擁有較高的光致發(fā)光性能。研究發(fā)現(xiàn)石墨烯量子點(diǎn)毒性低,化學(xué)惰性強(qiáng),在光致發(fā)光、水溶性、生物相容性等方面都具有良好的特性。因此,石墨烯量子點(diǎn)自其首次合成以來(lái)就廣泛應(yīng)用于細(xì)胞成像、能量?jī)?chǔ)存、疾病診斷、藥物傳輸、電化學(xué)分析或熒光生物傳感。石墨烯量子點(diǎn)作為熒光探針,與傳統(tǒng)的有機(jī)熒光染料相比具有獨(dú)特的光學(xué)性質(zhì),如較強(qiáng)的信號(hào)強(qiáng)度,較高的量子產(chǎn)率,較窄的吸收峰和依賴于可調(diào)尺寸的熒光信號(hào)。以石墨烯量子點(diǎn)的熒光信號(hào)為基礎(chǔ),我們?cè)O(shè)計(jì)并提出了熒光檢測(cè)或生物傳感方法,在待測(cè)物濃度與石墨烯量子點(diǎn)光熒光信號(hào)間建立起確定的對(duì)應(yīng)關(guān)系,從而通過(guò)對(duì)光信號(hào)的檢測(cè)進(jìn)而得出待測(cè)物的濃度。論文第一章中,首先我們分別對(duì)石墨烯量子點(diǎn)的基本性質(zhì)、主要合成方法及其在生物醫(yī)學(xué)分析領(lǐng)域的應(yīng)用進(jìn)行了闡釋。其次我們介紹了G-四鏈體/血紅素脫氧核酶的仿過(guò)氧化物酶催化活性及其對(duì)于下丘腦調(diào)節(jié)性多肽(辣根過(guò)氧化物酶)的替代作用。最后我們對(duì)本論文主要構(gòu)想和研究意義進(jìn)行了詳細(xì)的說(shuō)明。論文第二章,我們構(gòu)建了一個(gè)新穎、無(wú)標(biāo)記的咖啡酸熒光檢測(cè)平臺(tái)。檢測(cè)平臺(tái)的設(shè)計(jì)基于G-四鏈體/血紅素脫氧核酶的仿過(guò)氧化物酶催化活性。實(shí)驗(yàn)首先以特定的DNA序列和血紅素、氯化鉀合成G-四鏈體/血紅素脫氧核酶。在合成的脫氧核酶的催化下,過(guò)氧化氫被分解生成羥基自由基,羥基自由基具有較強(qiáng)的氧化性。然后咖啡酸被釋放出的羥基自由基氧化,生成相應(yīng)的醌類產(chǎn)物--咖啡醌。通常情況下,咖啡酸對(duì)于石墨烯量子點(diǎn)的熒光信號(hào)沒(méi)有影響,但當(dāng)咖啡酸被脫氧核酶和過(guò)氧化氫氧化后得到的咖啡醌則可以將石墨烯量子點(diǎn)的熒光信號(hào)有效猝滅。在最優(yōu)實(shí)驗(yàn)條件下,體系的熒光信號(hào)強(qiáng)度與咖啡酸的濃度具有很好的線性相關(guān)關(guān)系,咖啡酸的線性范圍為2μM~350μM,檢測(cè)限為200 n M。將該方法應(yīng)用于人血清樣品中咖啡酸的檢測(cè)時(shí)得到了令人滿意的結(jié)果。論文第三章,我們構(gòu)建了一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單、高效、低毒的尿酸生物傳感平臺(tái)。傳感平臺(tái)的設(shè)計(jì)以G-四鏈體/血紅素脫氧核酶的仿過(guò)氧化物酶催化活性和咖啡酸的引入為基礎(chǔ)。人體中的尿酸可以被尿酸酶分解,產(chǎn)生過(guò)氧化氫和尿囊素。由此我們可以通過(guò)檢測(cè)過(guò)氧化氫的濃度進(jìn)而實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)尿酸濃度的間接檢測(cè)。G-四鏈體/血紅素脫氧核酶在室溫下即可作為一種過(guò)氧化物酶將過(guò)氧化氫分解生成羥基自由基。由于羥基自由基具有強(qiáng)氧化性,可以將咖啡酸氧化成相應(yīng)的醌類物質(zhì),使得石墨烯量子點(diǎn)的熒光猝滅。在最優(yōu)實(shí)驗(yàn)條件下,體系的熒光信號(hào)強(qiáng)度與尿酸的濃度具有很好的線性相關(guān)關(guān)系,尿酸的線性范圍為2μM~300μM,檢測(cè)限為500 n M。將該方法應(yīng)用于人血清樣品和尿液樣品中尿酸的檢測(cè)時(shí)也得到了令人滿意的結(jié)果。
[Abstract]:The appearance of graphene quantum dots has attracted wide attention in recent years. It combines the excellent properties of graphene and semiconductor quantum dots. Meanwhile, the quasi zero dimensional nanomaterials have significant quantum confinement and edge effect. This makes the graphene quantum dots have high photoluminescence properties. Low toxicity, strong chemical inertness, good properties in photoluminescence, water solubility, biocompatibility and so on. Therefore, graphene quantum dots have been widely used in cell imaging, energy storage, disease diagnosis, drug transmission, electrochemistry analysis or fluorescence biological sensing since their first synthesis. Graphene quantum dots are used as fluorescence probes. Traditional organic fluorescent dyes have unique optical properties, such as strong signal intensity, high quantum yield, narrow absorption peak and dependent on adjustable fluorescent signals. Based on the fluorescence signals of graphene quantum dots, we designed and proposed a fluorescence detection or biological sensing method, in which the concentration and graphite are to be measured. In the first chapter, we explain the basic properties of the graphene quantum dots, the main synthesis methods and their application in the biomedical analysis domain. Secondly, we introduce G-. The catalytic activity of four chain body / heme deoxy ribozyme and its substitution effect on the hypothalamus regulatory polypeptide (horseradish peroxidase). Finally, we gave a detailed description of the main ideas and research significance of this paper. In the second chapter, we constructed a novel and unlabeled fluorescence detection platform for caffeic acid. The design of the detection platform is based on the catalytic activity of the G- four chain body / heme deoxylase. The experiment first syntheses the G- four chain body / heme deoxribozyme with a specific DNA sequence and hemin and potassium chloride. Under the catalysis of the synthesized deoxylase, hydrogen peroxide is decomposed into hydroxyl radical, and the hydroxyl radical is stronger. Oxidation. Then the caffeic acid is released by hydroxyl radical oxidation to produce the corresponding quinone product, coffee quinone. In general, the caffeic acid has no effect on the fluorescence signals of the graphene quantum dots, but coffee quinones obtained from the oxidation of the caffeic acid after the oxidation of the deoxy ribozyme and hydrogen peroxide can signal the fluorescence signals of the graphene quantum dots. Under the optimal experimental conditions, the fluorescence intensity of the system has a good linear correlation with the concentration of caffeic acid. The linear range of the caffeic acid is 2 M~350 mu M and the detection limit is 200 N M.. The method is satisfied with the application of this method to the detection of caffeic acid in human serum samples. The third chapter of the paper has been constructed. A simple, efficient, low toxic uric acid biosensor platform. The design of the sensing platform is based on the catalytic activity of the G- four chain body / heme deoxy ribozyme and the introduction of caffeic acid. The uric acid in the human body can be decomposed by urate, producing hydrogen peroxide and allantoin. Thus, we can detect the concentration of hydrogen peroxide. .G- four chain body / heme deoxy ribozyme can be used as a peroxidase to decompose hydrogen peroxide into hydroxyl radical at room temperature. Because the hydroxyl radical has strong oxidation, it can oxidize caffeic acid to the corresponding quinone, so that the fluorescence quenching of graphene quantum dots can be quenched. Under the optimal experimental conditions, the fluorescence intensity of the system has a good linear correlation with the concentration of uric acid. The linear range of uric acid is 2 M~300 mu M, and the detection limit is 500 N M.. The application of this method to the detection of uric acid in human serum samples and urine samples has also been satisfactory.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：吉林大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：O657.3

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