本文選題：近紅外光譜技術(shù) + 嬰幼兒營養(yǎng)米粉　； 參考：《東華理工大學》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：雖然嬰幼兒營養(yǎng)米粉中蛋白質(zhì)、脂肪、膳食纖維、水分、灰分等的常規(guī)檢測方法相對成熟、準確度高,但預(yù)處理過程復雜、試劑消耗量大、成本高、耗時長,且需要專用儀器和設(shè)備,制約了檢測、生產(chǎn)及科研的效率。與常規(guī)檢測技術(shù)相比,近紅外光譜(NIR)技術(shù)具有高效、無需預(yù)處理、成本低、無損、綠色環(huán)保等優(yōu)點,可同時測定多目標組分的含量。本課題采取近紅外光譜技術(shù),并結(jié)合化學計量學法,開展了嬰幼兒營養(yǎng)米粉上述成分的定量分析研究。探討了近紅外光譜技術(shù)在預(yù)測建模中的重要問題,包括樣品的采集和制備、試驗參數(shù)的選擇、光譜的采集、數(shù)據(jù)處理及模型建立等,最后驗證建立的模型。主要研究內(nèi)容與結(jié)論如下:1、本課題收集了2015年至2016年食品藥品監(jiān)督管理部門在江西省境內(nèi)開展質(zhì)量監(jiān)管過程中抽檢的嬰幼兒營養(yǎng)米粉樣品,品牌包括亨氏、每一、雅士利、貝因美、美廬、安培等,并從中抽取160批次,采用傳統(tǒng)化學技術(shù)分別檢定了其中的蛋白質(zhì)、脂肪、膳食纖維、水分、灰分的含量,為近紅外光譜定量分析模型的校正提供了基礎(chǔ)。2、本課題采用近紅外光譜技術(shù)同時檢測了160個樣品中蛋白質(zhì)、脂肪、膳食纖維、水分和灰分的含量。對5項目標組分分別建立了數(shù)學模型,發(fā)現(xiàn)無論是定標集還是驗證集,5項目標組分的定量值和定標模型預(yù)測值間的相關(guān)系數(shù)都在0.90以上,說明線性相關(guān)性較好;其次,標準分析誤差比較接近,說明分析結(jié)果的穩(wěn)定性好;另外,相對分析誤差(RPD)均大于3,說明預(yù)測的精度高。以上研究結(jié)果表明,所建立的近紅外光譜定量分析模型可較準確地測定嬰幼兒米粉中的蛋白質(zhì)、脂肪、膳食纖維、水分和灰分的含量。3、對已建立的近紅外光譜定量分析模型進行了外部樣品驗證。采用近紅外模型預(yù)測重新收集到的未參與模型建立的50個樣品,對NIR和常規(guī)分析方法開展了t檢驗,得到樣品中蛋白質(zhì)、膳食纖維、脂肪、水分、灰分含量t值分別為-1.56、1.43、1.15、-1.03、0.98,均小于臨界值t(0.05,50)=2.01,表明兩種方法不存在顯著性差異,一致性較好。4、本論文研究了近紅外光譜法檢測嬰幼兒米粉中的蛋白質(zhì)、脂肪、膳食纖維、水分和灰分成分的應(yīng)用,為近紅外光譜技術(shù)在嬰幼兒營養(yǎng)米粉品質(zhì)的無損檢測和鑒定提供可行性依據(jù),同時為后續(xù)食品和藥品等的近紅外分析研究和應(yīng)用奠定了堅實的基礎(chǔ)。
[Abstract]:Although the routine detection methods of protein, fat, dietary fiber, moisture, ash and so on are relatively mature and accurate, the pretreatment process is complicated, the reagent consumption is large, the cost is high and the time is long. Special instruments and equipment are required to restrict the efficiency of testing, production and scientific research. Compared with the conventional detection technique, NIR has the advantages of high efficiency, no pretreatment, low cost, nondestructive, green environmental protection and so on. It can be used to determine the content of multi-target components at the same time. In this paper, the quantitative analysis of the above components of infant nutritious rice flour was carried out by using near infrared spectroscopy and chemometrics. The important problems of near infrared spectroscopy in prediction modeling are discussed, including sample collection and preparation, selection of test parameters, spectrum acquisition, data processing and modeling, etc. Finally, the established model is verified. The main contents and conclusions of the study are as follows: 1. This subject collected samples of infant nutritious rice flour from 2015 to 2016 when the Food and Drug Administration carried out quality supervision and control in Jiangxi Province. The brands include Heinz, each, Yashili. Beinmei, Meilu, Ampere, etc., and took 160 batches from them. The contents of protein, fat, dietary fiber, water and ash were determined by traditional chemical techniques. It provides a basis for calibration of quantitative analysis model of near infrared spectroscopy. In this paper, the contents of protein, fat, dietary fiber, moisture and ash in 160 samples were simultaneously determined by near infrared spectroscopy. The mathematical models of the five target components are established respectively. It is found that the correlation coefficients between the quantitative values of the five target components and the predicted values of the calibration model are above 0.90, indicating that the linear correlation is good. The relative analysis error (RPD) is higher than 3, which indicates that the prediction accuracy is high. The results show that the model can accurately determine protein, fat and dietary fiber in infant rice flour. The content of water and ash. 3. The established NIR quantitative analysis model was verified by external samples. Near-infrared model was used to predict 50 recollected samples which were not involved in the establishment of the model. T test was carried out on NIR and conventional analysis methods to obtain protein, dietary fiber, fat and moisture in the sample. The ash content t values were -1.56C 1.15U -1.03U 0.98, which were less than the critical value t (0.05n 50) 2.01, which indicated that there was no significant difference between the two methods, and the consistency was good. This paper studied the determination of protein, fat and dietary fiber in infant rice flour by near infrared spectroscopy (NIR), and the results showed that there was no significant difference between the two methods in the determination of protein, fat and dietary fiber in infant rice flour. The application of moisture and ash components provides a feasible basis for the nondestructive testing and identification of the quality of infant nutritious rice flour by near infrared spectroscopy. It also lays a solid foundation for the further research and application of near-infrared analysis of food and medicine.
【學位授予單位】：東華理工大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TS210.7;O657.33

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