本文選題：水滑石 + 吸附��； 參考：《東北石油大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：由于富含磷等營養(yǎng)物質(zhì)廢水的持續(xù)排放,造成水體富營養(yǎng)化,水體中藻類大量瘋長,溶氧量下降,水質(zhì)惡化,嚴(yán)重破壞生態(tài)壞境。磷進(jìn)入水環(huán)境的主要途徑是含磷工業(yè)廢水,生活污水的排放,因此,在污、廢水排放前有效地去除磷,是控制水體富營養(yǎng)化的重要手段。吸附法由于具有操作簡單、高效低耗、低污染和可循環(huán)等優(yōu)點(diǎn),已成為國內(nèi)外除磷研究的熱點(diǎn)之一。水滑石是典型的陰離子吸附劑在處理廢水中陰離子方面具有獨(dú)特優(yōu)勢。本文采用水熱法和共沉淀法制備不同類水滑石,通過X射線衍射(XRD)、掃描電鏡(SEM)和能譜(EDS)、傅里葉變換紅外光譜儀(FTIR)、比表面積及孔隙率分析儀(BET)及電位分析儀(Zeta)等手段對吸附劑進(jìn)行表征分析及吸附機(jī)理的研究,并應(yīng)用于模擬水溶液中的磷吸附,實(shí)驗(yàn)主要內(nèi)容包括:一、本文采用工藝簡單且廉價(jià)的水熱法改變層間二價(jià)陽離子,制備四種不同類型二元X/Al-LDHs(X為Mg、Zn、Ni、Co)樣品。研究表明:在25℃下,初始pH=6的條件下,Zn/Al-LDHs吸附效果最好,對磷酸根的去除率達(dá)92%,吸附量是24.965 mg/g,其磷吸附均符合準(zhǔn)二級動力學(xué)模型和Langmuir模型,吸附熱力學(xué)研究表明四種類水滑石吸附磷是吸熱且自發(fā)過程,吸附劑循環(huán)使用3次,去除率在60%以上。二、近一步重點(diǎn)研究不同三價(jià)陽離子的Ni/Co二元類水滑石,水熱法合成Ni/Co-C-LDHs,將類水滑石層間陰離子換層,共沉淀法制備Ni/Co-N-LDHs。通過對吸附劑結(jié)構(gòu)的表征和吸附性能的評價(jià),研究吸附機(jī)理。Ni/Co-N-LDHs比表面積為288.2683m2/g,利于吸附反應(yīng)。實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明,在25℃、pH=6條件下,去除率升高到98%,最大吸附容量為49.78 mgP/g。吸附動力學(xué)滿足準(zhǔn)二級動力學(xué)模型,證明主要是化學(xué)吸附過程。吸附等溫線符合Langmuir模型,說明吸附過程為單層吸附。熱力學(xué)研究表明磷吸附實(shí)驗(yàn)是吸熱且自發(fā)的,吸附機(jī)理主要是離子交換,同時(shí)包括表面吸附等過程,Ni/Co-N-LDHs循環(huán)使用3次,去除率仍在75%以上,有較好的再生性及穩(wěn)定性。
[Abstract]:Due to the continuous discharge of phosphorus rich nutrient wastewater, the eutrophication of water body is caused, the algae in the water body grows wildly, the dissolved oxygen quantity decreases, the water quality deteriorates, and the ecological environment is seriously damaged. The main way for phosphorus to enter the water environment is the discharge of industrial wastewater containing phosphorus and domestic sewage. Therefore, it is an important means to control eutrophication of water body to remove phosphorus effectively before sewage and wastewater discharge. Because of its advantages of simple operation, high efficiency and low consumption, low pollution and recyclability, adsorption method has become one of the hot spots in phosphorus removal at home and abroad. Hydrotalcite is a typical anionic adsorbent with unique advantages in the treatment of anions in wastewater. In this paper, different hydrotalcite-like materials were prepared by hydrothermal method and co-precipitation method. The adsorbent was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), energy spectrum (EDS), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), specific surface area and porosity analyzer (BET) and potential analyzer (Zeta). The main contents of the experiments are as follows: firstly, four kinds of binary X / Al-LDHs (X is MgZnZn-NiNiHs) samples were prepared by changing interlayer divalent cations by simple and cheap hydrothermal method. The results showed that the adsorption efficiency of Zn- / Al-LDHs was the best at 25 鈩，

本文編號：2063401