本文選題：空心蓮子草活性炭 + 頭孢氨芐　； 參考：《山東師范大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：本文以廉價易得,來源廣泛的多年生草本水生植物空心蓮子草為原料,采用磷酸活化法制得比表面積高、孔徑結(jié)構(gòu)發(fā)達的活性炭。運用BET比表面積分析儀、SEM掃描電鏡、孔徑分析儀和FTIR傅里葉紅外光譜等分析方法對其物化性質(zhì)進行表征,分析得出空心蓮子草活性炭對頭孢氨芐、日落黃和羅丹明B的吸附性能。同時,探究了吸附時間、吸附劑投加量、溶液pH、溫度對吸附效果的影響,并結(jié)合偽動力學(xué)模型、吸附等溫模型和熱力學(xué)模型對吸附機理進行了深入探討。并設(shè)計正交實驗,利用極差分析法,綜合考慮去除率和平衡吸附量兩個指標(biāo),得出最佳組合條件和各因素影響大小的順序。其主要結(jié)論如下:(1)磷酸活化法制備的活性炭具有表面凹凸不平,孔結(jié)構(gòu)豐富等特點。BET法測得的活性炭的比表面積為736.3 m2/g,孔徑容量的平均值為4.05 nm;孔徑結(jié)構(gòu)為典型的微孔-中孔混合結(jié)構(gòu),這種孔徑結(jié)構(gòu)能夠較大幅度的提高活性炭對大分子和小分子微粒的吸附特性。活性炭表面的官能團主要為磷酸基團、C=C、C-O和C-H基團等,有利于和吸附質(zhì)水解分子結(jié)合或發(fā)生反應(yīng),提高吸附性能。(2)空心蓮子草活性炭對水體中的這三種污染物有較好的吸附效果。在頭孢氨芐溶液濃度為35 mg/L時,去除率達93%,在溫度為308K下,最大平衡吸附量可達45 mg/g;在日落黃溶液濃度為150 mg/L時,去除率達96%,在溫度為308K下,最大平衡吸附量可達271 mg/g;在羅丹明B溶液濃度為100 mg/L時,去除率可達96%,最大平衡吸附量可達286 mg/g。(3)空心蓮子草活性炭對頭孢氨芐、日落黃和羅丹明B溶液的吸附與偽二級吸附模型模擬的機理相符合,表明化學(xué)吸附機制是限制活性炭吸附速率的主要原因,而顆粒內(nèi)傳質(zhì)阻力對吸附過程的阻止作用并不明顯。吸附等溫模型均符合Langmuir等溫模型,表明吸附過程屬于SX分子層吸附。吸附熱力學(xué)模型表明空心蓮子草活性炭對這三種物質(zhì)的吸附是一個自發(fā)的(ΔG0),無序性增加的吸熱(ΔH0)的過程,這與Langmuir等溫模型模擬的結(jié)果是一致的。
[Abstract]:In this paper, activated carbon with high specific surface area and well-developed pore size structure was prepared by phosphoric acid activation method with cheap and widely available perennial herbaceous aquatic plant lotus seed as raw material. The physicochemical properties of Cefalexin were characterized by BET specific surface area analyzer (BET), SEM scanning electron microscope (SEM), aperture analyzer and FTIR Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Adsorption properties of sunset yellow and rhodamine B. At the same time, the effects of adsorption time, dosage of adsorbent, pH of solution and temperature on the adsorption effect were investigated. The adsorption mechanism was also discussed in combination with pseudo-kinetic model, adsorption isothermal model and thermodynamic model. The orthogonal experiment was designed and the optimal combination conditions and the order of the influence of each factor were obtained by using the range analysis method and considering the removal rate and the equilibrium adsorption capacity. The main conclusions are as follows: (1) activated carbon prepared by phosphoric acid activation method has uneven surface. The specific surface area of activated carbon measured by BET method is 736.3 m2 / g, and the average pore size is 4.05 nm. This pore structure can greatly improve the adsorption characteristics of activated carbon to macromolecular and small molecular particles. The functional groups on the surface of activated carbon are mainly phosphoric acid groups, such as Con C-O and C-H groups, which are beneficial to the reaction with adsorbent hydrolysate molecules and improve the adsorption performance. (2) the activated carbon of lotus seed grass has a good adsorption effect on these three pollutants in water. When the concentration of cefalexin solution is 35 mg / L, the removal rate is 933%, and the maximum equilibrium adsorption capacity can reach 45 mg / g at 308 K, and at 150 mg / L of sunset yellow solution, the removal rate reaches 96%, and at 308K, When the concentration of Rhodamine B solution is 100 mg / L, the removal rate can reach 96, and the maximum equilibrium adsorption capacity can reach 286 mg / g 路g. (3) the active carbon of lotus seed grass can treat cefalexin, The adsorption mechanism of sunset yellow and Rhodamine B solution is consistent with the pseudo-second-order adsorption model, which indicates that the chemisorption mechanism is the main reason for limiting the adsorption rate of activated carbon, but the resistance of mass transfer in particles has no obvious effect on the adsorption process. The adsorption isotherm models all accord with Langmuir isotherm model, which indicates that the adsorption process belongs to SX molecular layer adsorption. The adsorption thermodynamic model showed that the adsorption of these three substances was a spontaneous (螖 G _ 0) process and a disordered endothermic (螖 H _ 0) process, which was consistent with the results of Langmuir isothermal model.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：X703;O647.3

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本文編號：2062640