本文選題：湍流 + 可燃?xì)怏w　； 參考：《中北大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著可燃?xì)怏w(蒸氣)的廣泛應(yīng)用,在其實(shí)際生產(chǎn)、儲(chǔ)運(yùn)、使用過(guò)程中引發(fā)的燃燒爆炸事故成為災(zāi)難性事故的主要形式之一。如何有效預(yù)防和控制可燃?xì)怏w(蒸氣)的燃爆事故仍是民用工業(yè)和軍用生產(chǎn)領(lǐng)域亟待解決的新課題。目前,國(guó)內(nèi)外主要是在宏觀靜止?fàn)顟B(tài)下對(duì)可燃?xì)怏w(蒸氣)爆炸特性參數(shù)進(jìn)行測(cè)試研究,而在實(shí)際生產(chǎn)生活中,燃爆事故的發(fā)生多是處于湍流流場(chǎng)中。因此探究湍流對(duì)可燃?xì)怏w(蒸氣)爆炸極限和火焰?zhèn)鞑ミ^(guò)程的影響具有重要的理論參考價(jià)值與實(shí)際應(yīng)用價(jià)值。本文參考相關(guān)測(cè)試標(biāo)準(zhǔn),借助FRTA爆炸極限測(cè)試儀和高速攝影儀,研究湍流對(duì)可燃?xì)怏w(蒸氣)的爆炸極限及火焰?zhèn)鞑ミ^(guò)程的影響,并依據(jù)相關(guān)燃燒、爆炸理論,對(duì)試驗(yàn)結(jié)果進(jìn)行定性和定量的分析、比較、總結(jié)。研究結(jié)果表明:(1)湍流狀態(tài)下可燃?xì)怏w(蒸氣)的爆炸范圍比宏觀靜止?fàn)顟B(tài)下變窄。湍流對(duì)可燃?xì)怏w爆炸范圍的影響幅度隨著它相對(duì)分子質(zhì)量的增大而增大,而對(duì)可燃蒸氣爆炸范圍的影響更為顯著。湍流強(qiáng)度的增大一定程度上降低了其發(fā)生火災(zāi)事故的危險(xiǎn)性。(2)湍流擾動(dòng)會(huì)促使火焰形態(tài)發(fā)生變化,即火焰前鋒陣面產(chǎn)生褶皺且邊界不清晰,而且湍流強(qiáng)度越大,火焰前鋒陣面褶皺越明顯,火焰邊界越模糊。在湍流的擾動(dòng)下,火焰?zhèn)鞑ニ俣让黠@增大。(3)在實(shí)際生產(chǎn)生活中,雖然隨著湍流強(qiáng)度的增大,可燃?xì)怏w(蒸氣)爆炸極限范圍縮小,但在高湍流強(qiáng)度下火焰?zhèn)鞑ニ俣燃涌?因此應(yīng)綜合考慮,合理選擇安全系數(shù)。綜上所述,本文研究成果豐富了湍流狀態(tài)下可燃?xì)怏w(蒸氣)的燃燒、爆炸理論,對(duì)評(píng)估常見(jiàn)可燃?xì)怏w(蒸氣)的燃爆危險(xiǎn)性,預(yù)防其燃爆事故的發(fā)生有重要意義。
[Abstract]:With the wide application of combustible gases (vapors), the combustion and explosion accidents caused by the production, storage, transportation and use of combustible gases have become one of the main forms of catastrophic accidents. How to effectively prevent and control the explosion of combustible gases (vapors) is still a new problem to be solved in the field of civil industry and military production. At present, at home and abroad, the explosion characteristics of combustible gas (vapor) are mainly measured and studied in the macroscopic static state, but in the actual production and life, most of the explosion accidents occur in the turbulent flow field. Therefore, it has important theoretical reference value and practical application value to explore the influence of turbulence on the explosion limit and flame propagation process of combustible gas (vapor). In this paper, the influence of turbulence on the explosion limit of combustible gas (vapor) and flame propagation process is studied with the aid of FRTA explosion limit tester and high speed photography, and according to the relevant combustion and explosion theory, The test results are analyzed, compared and summarized qualitatively and quantitatively. The results show that the explosion range of combustible gas (vapor) in turbulent state is narrower than that in macroscopic static state. The effect of turbulence on the explosion range of combustible gas increases with the increase of its relative molecular mass, but it is more obvious with the explosion range of flammable vapor. The increase of turbulence intensity reduces the danger of fire accident to some extent. The turbulence disturbance will cause the flame shape to change, that is, the front of the flame produces fold and the boundary is not clear, and the more turbulence intensity, the bigger the turbulence intensity is. The more obvious the fold on the front of the flame, the more blurred the flame boundary. Under turbulence disturbance, the flame propagation velocity is obviously increased. In real life, although with the increase of turbulence intensity, the limit range of combustible gas (vapor) explosion is reduced, but the flame propagation speed is accelerated under the high turbulence intensity. Therefore, comprehensive consideration should be given to the reasonable selection of safety factors. To sum up, the research results enrich the combustion and explosion theory of combustible gas (vapor) in turbulent state. It is of great significance to evaluate the explosion risk of common combustible gas (vapor) and to prevent the occurrence of explosion accident.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中北大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：O643.221

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本文編號(hào)：2027623