本文選題：ZnO + 水熱法　； 參考：《河北師范大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：近年來,ZnO無機(jī)納米材料被廣泛應(yīng)用于光催化降解有機(jī)污染物。為了改善和提高ZnO光催化性能,最常見的方法是對(duì)樣品進(jìn)行元素?fù)诫s或復(fù)合。稀土元素Ce具有獨(dú)特的最外層電子結(jié)構(gòu),即具有電子未完全充滿的4f殼層,能有效地調(diào)節(jié)ZnO超微粉體的性能和應(yīng)用。本文以各種鋅鹽和NaOH為原料,采用一步水熱法制備了ZnO、Ce/ZnO和CeO_2/ZnO復(fù)合超微粉體。以亞甲基藍(lán)(MB)和羅丹明B(RhB)為目標(biāo)污染物,分別研究了樣品的光催化活性。本論文的主要內(nèi)容如下:(1)以ZnCl_2和NaOH為原料,在高堿度的水熱條件下([Zn~(2+)]:[OH-]=1:7),制備出花狀、微片球狀、毛線球狀等三維結(jié)構(gòu)的ZnO光催化劑。以MB和RhB為目標(biāo)污染物,分別對(duì)樣品進(jìn)行了光催化降解實(shí)驗(yàn)。實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果顯示,微片球結(jié)構(gòu)ZnO的光催化性能最好,對(duì)MB(光照180 min)和RhB(光照400 min)的降解率都達(dá)到90%以上。(2)以Zn(CH_3COO)_2和NaOH為原料,在低堿度的水熱條件下(pH=7~10),制備出顆粒狀、管狀、片狀等一系列ZnO樣品。以MB和RhB為目標(biāo)污染物,分別對(duì)樣品進(jìn)行了光催化降解實(shí)驗(yàn)。實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果顯示,顆粒狀ZnO的光催化活性最好,對(duì)MB(光照120 min)和RhB(光照200 min)的降解率都達(dá)到90%以上,其次是具有中空結(jié)構(gòu)的管狀ZnO,而片狀結(jié)構(gòu)ZnO的光催化活性最差。(3)以Zn(NO_3)_2、Ce(NO_3)_3和NaOH為原料,制備出不同摻雜量Ce/ZnO光催化劑,以MB和RhB為目標(biāo)污染物,分別進(jìn)行了光催化降解實(shí)驗(yàn)。實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果顯示,不同摻雜量Ce/ZnO樣品對(duì)MB和RhB的光催化降解效果均比純相ZnO有所提高。摻雜量為1%的Ce/ZnO光催化性能最好,對(duì)MB(光照140 min)和RhB(光照180 min)的降解率分別為96.11%和63.79%。(4)以Zn(NO_3)_2、Ce(NO_3)_3和NaOH為原料,制備出不同復(fù)合量CeO_2/ZnO光催化劑,以MB和RhB為目標(biāo)污染物,分別進(jìn)行了光催化降解實(shí)驗(yàn)。實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果顯示,不同復(fù)合量CeO_2/ZnO樣品對(duì)MB和RhB的光催化降解效果均比純相ZnO好。其中CeO_2/ZnO(0.6:1)樣品光催化性能最好,對(duì)MB(光照120 min)和RhB(光照180 min)的降解率分別為93.11%和67.59%。
[Abstract]:In recent years, ZnO nanomaterials have been widely used in photocatalytic degradation of organic pollutants. In order to improve and improve the photocatalytic performance of ZnO, the most common method is doping or compounding the samples. The rare earth element ce has a unique outermost electronic structure, that is, a 4f shell with incomplete electrons, which can effectively regulate the properties and applications of ZnO ultrafine powders. In this paper, ZnO / ZnO and CeOS / ZnO composite ultrafine powders were prepared by one-step hydrothermal method using various zinc salts and NaOH as raw materials. The photocatalytic activities of the samples were studied by using methylene blue MBB and Rhodamine Bhh RhB as target pollutants. The main contents of this thesis are as follows: (1) using ZnCl2 and NaOH as raw materials, ZnO photocatalysts with three dimensional structure, such as flower-like, microsphere and wool spheroid, were prepared under high alkalinity hydrothermal conditions ([ZnH-] 1: 7). Using MB and RhB as target pollutants, photocatalytic degradation experiments were carried out on the samples. The experimental results show that ZnO has the best photocatalytic activity. The degradation rates of MBand RhB (under 400 mins) are over 90%. ZnO / Ch _ 3COOSP _ 2 and NaOH are used as raw materials to prepare granular and tubular particles under low alkalinity hydrothermal conditions. A series of ZnO samples such as flakes. Using MB and RhB as target pollutants, photocatalytic degradation experiments were carried out on the samples. The results showed that the photocatalytic activity of granular ZnO was the best, and the degradation rates of MBand RhB were above 90%. The second is tubular ZnO with hollow structure, while the photocatalytic activity of flake ZnO is the worst.) different doping amounts of Ce- / ZnO photocatalyst were prepared by using ZnN _ (no _ 3H) _ 2CeO _ 3T _ 3 and NaOH as raw materials, and MB and RhB were used as target pollutants respectively. The photocatalytic degradation experiments were carried out respectively. The experimental results show that the photocatalytic degradation of MB and RhB by CEO / ZnO samples with different doping amounts is better than that of pure ZnO. Ce / ZnO with doping amount of 1% has the best photocatalytic performance. The degradation rates of MBs (140 mins) and RhB (180min) are 96.11% and 63.79.1%, respectively. The ZnO / SnNo3 / Sn3 and NaOH are used as raw materials to prepare different amounts of CeO2- / -ZnO photocatalysts, with MB and RhB as the target pollutants. Photocatalytic degradation experiments were carried out respectively. The results showed that the photocatalytic degradation of MB and RhB was better than that of pure ZnO. The photocatalytic activity of CEO _ 2 / ZnO _ (0.6: 1) sample was the best, and the degradation rates of MBand RhB (180 min) were 93.11% and 67.59%, respectively.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：河北師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：O643.36

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