本文選題：氧化鈦基 + 石墨烯��； 參考：《陜西科技大學(xué)》2016年碩士論文

【摘要】：近年來,半導(dǎo)體光催化技術(shù)因其在清潔環(huán)境、光解水制氫及綠色有機(jī)合成等領(lǐng)域的潛在應(yīng)用而備受關(guān)注。而二氧化鈦(TiO2)因?yàn)樗膬r(jià)廉、易得、無毒無害、高的化學(xué)穩(wěn)定性、強(qiáng)的抗光腐蝕性等優(yōu)點(diǎn),成為了到目前為止研究最為廣泛也最深入的一種半導(dǎo)體光催化劑。然而,TiO2在環(huán)境保護(hù)過程中由于自身存在兩方面的缺陷而受到了限制：一方面,TiO2屬于寬禁帶的半導(dǎo)體,它對(duì)太陽(yáng)能的利用率很低,僅僅只能吸收波長(zhǎng)比較短的一部分紫外光(387nm)；另一方面,在光催化反應(yīng)過程中TiO2的光生載流子的復(fù)合率較高,導(dǎo)致光量子的效率較低。為解決上述問題,研究者們采取了很多不同的方法,如金屬或非金屬離子摻雜,貴金屬修飾,與獨(dú)特結(jié)構(gòu)的碳基納米材料的復(fù)合,如碳納米管,氧化石墨以及石墨烯,與其他半導(dǎo)體的耦合,包括Bi2WO6,WO3和CdS等等,以提高其在可見光區(qū)的應(yīng)用和光催化反應(yīng)中的量子效率。因此,本論文以TiO2為基體,通過選擇不同的復(fù)合相,構(gòu)建不同結(jié)構(gòu)形貌的氧化鈦基復(fù)合光催化材料,采用XRD、SEM、TEM、UV-vis、IR和XPS等分析手段對(duì)樣品進(jìn)行了檢測(cè)表征,并測(cè)試了不同的復(fù)合光催化劑對(duì)模擬有機(jī)污染物的光催化降解性能,探討了不同的復(fù)合相在提高TiO2的光催化性能上起到的作用。取得的主要研究成果如下：(1)以鈦酸丁酯為鈦源,采用簡(jiǎn)單的可控水解法制備了二氧化鈦/石墨烯/二氧化鈦三層核殼結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)合光催化劑,并研究了最外層不同TiO2的負(fù)載量對(duì)于光催化性能產(chǎn)生的影響。結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)：TiO2核材料的粒徑約為800nm,負(fù)載在最外層的TiO2顆粒尺寸約為30～50nm,所制備的三層核殼結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)合光催化劑表現(xiàn)出了對(duì)甲基橙模擬污染物優(yōu)異的光催化降解性能。(2)以SiO2為模板劑,采用控制鈦酸丁酯的水解以及表面反應(yīng)法成功制備出了石墨烯包裹二氧化鈦空心球納米復(fù)合材料。TiO2空心球的直徑約為350～400nm,厚度約15nm,最外層的石墨烯的厚度約為5nm。光催化實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明,還原的氧化石墨烯包裹在TiO2表面后,很大程度提高了樣品的光催化性能。(3)以P25為鈦源,通過兩步水熱法成功制備出了MoS2/TiO2復(fù)合光催化材料,其中TiO2納米帶的寬度在50～150nm之間,長(zhǎng)度約為幾個(gè)微米。當(dāng)適量的MoS2納米顆粒負(fù)載在TiO2納米帶表面時(shí),一方面增大了光催化劑的比表面積,使得在暗反應(yīng)過程中對(duì)模擬污染物的吸附得到增強(qiáng)；另一方面,MoS2納米顆粒負(fù)載在Ti02納米帶表面與之形成異質(zhì)結(jié)構(gòu),有效促進(jìn)了光生電子和空穴對(duì)的分離,從而提高了樣品的光催化性能。(4)以P25為鈦源,通過水熱以及煅燒的過程成功制備了MoO3/TiO2復(fù)合光催化材料。Mo03納米片沿著Ti02納米帶的表面生長(zhǎng),并與其相交形成三維的異質(zhì)結(jié)構(gòu)。MoO3/TiO2復(fù)合材料的光催化效果比純相的Ti02納米帶和Mo03納米片都優(yōu)異,這是由于在MoO3/TiO2異質(zhì)結(jié)構(gòu)的界面處形成了Ti-O-Mo鍵,使得電子可以直接從Ti02的價(jià)帶轉(zhuǎn)移到Mo03的導(dǎo)帶,擴(kuò)大了樣品的光響應(yīng)范圍。
[Abstract]:In recent years, semiconductor photocatalysis has attracted much attention because of its potential applications in the clean environment, photolysis of hydrogen and green organic synthesis, and titanium dioxide (TiO2) has become the most widely and deeply studied so far because of its low price, easy availability, innocuity, high chemical stability and strong anti photocorrosion. A semiconductor photocatalyst. However, TiO2 is limited by two defects in its environmental protection. On the one hand, TiO2 is a wide band of semiconductors, which is very low in utilization of solar energy and only only absorbs a fraction of the UV light (387nm) with shorter wavelengths; on the other hand, the photocatalytic reaction is over. In order to solve the above problems, the researchers have taken many different methods to solve these problems, such as metal or nonmetallic ion doping, noble metal modification, and the combination of carbon based nanomaterials with unique structures, such as carbon nanotubes, graphite oxide and graphene, and other semi conductors. The coupling of the body, including Bi2WO6, WO3 and CdS, etc. to improve the quantum efficiency in the application of visible light and the photocatalytic reaction. Therefore, this paper uses TiO2 as the matrix to construct a titanium oxide based composite photocatalyst of different structure morphology by selecting different composite phases and using XRD, SEM, TEM, UV-vis, IR and XPS to analyze the sample. The photocatalytic degradation performance of different composite photocatalysts on simulated organic pollutants was tested and the effects of different composite phases on the photocatalytic properties of TiO2 were investigated. The main achievements were as follows: (1) two oxidation was prepared by simple controllable hydrolysis of butyl titanate as titanium source. Titanium / graphene / titanium dioxide three layer shell structure composite photocatalyst was used to study the effect of the loading amount of the outer TiO2 on the photocatalytic performance. The results showed that the particle size of the TiO2 nuclear material was about 800nm, the size of the TiO2 particle loaded at the most outer layer was about 30 to 50nm, and the composite photocatalyst of the three layer core shell structure was prepared. The photocatalytic degradation performance of methyl orange simulated pollutants was excellent. (2) using SiO2 as a template, using the hydrolysis of butyl titanate and the surface reaction method, the diameter of the.TiO2 hollow sphere coated with graphene coated titanium dioxide hollow spheres was about 350 ~ 400nm, the thickness was about 15nm and the thickness of the most outer layer of graphene. The results of 5nm. photocatalytic experiment showed that the reduction of graphene oxide wrapped on the surface of TiO2 greatly improved the photocatalytic properties of the samples. (3) the MoS2/TiO2 composite photocatalyst was successfully prepared by two steps of hydrothermal method with P25 as the titanium source. The width of the TiO2 nanoribbons was between 50 and 150nm and the length was about several microns. When the amount of MoS2 nanoparticles is loaded on the surface of TiO2 nanoscale, the specific surface area of the photocatalyst is increased on the one hand, and the adsorption of simulated pollutants is enhanced during the dark reaction; on the other hand, the MoS2 nanoparticles are loaded on the surface of the Ti02 nanometers to form a heterogeneous structure, which effectively promotes the separation of the photoelectron and hole pairs. The photocatalytic properties of the samples were improved. (4) P25 was used as a titanium source, and the surface growth of the MoO3/TiO2 composite photocatalyst.Mo03 nanoscale along the Ti02 nanoscale was successfully prepared by the hydrothermal process and the calcining process. The photocatalytic effect of the heterogeneous structure of.MoO3/TiO2 composite was compared with that of the pure phase Ti02 nanometers and Mo. 03 nanoscale films are excellent, which is due to the formation of a Ti-O-Mo bond at the interface of the MoO3/TiO2 heterostructure, which allows electrons to be transferred directly from the valence band of Ti02 to the guide band of Mo03, expanding the photoresponse range of the sample.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：陜西科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號(hào)】：O643.36;O644.1

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