發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-05-16 12:28

  本文選題：電解水 + 析氫反應(yīng)�。� 參考：《深圳大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著能源危機(jī)以及環(huán)境污染的日益加劇,各種新能源和可再生能源的開發(fā)已受到世界各國(guó)的高度重視,而氫氣作為二次能源以其清潔無(wú)污染、高效、可儲(chǔ)存和運(yùn)輸?shù)葍?yōu)點(diǎn),被視為最為理想的能源載體。在目前的眾多制氫技術(shù)中電解水制氫對(duì)于未來(lái)解決能源危機(jī)和環(huán)境問(wèn)題具有極大的價(jià)值。催化在有效的工藝和系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)中起著至關(guān)重要的作用,能夠最大限度地提高原料的價(jià)值,同時(shí)可以減少?gòu)U物產(chǎn)生和能源需求。在電解水析氫反應(yīng)(HER)中,高效的電解水催化劑是非常必要的,當(dāng)前,主導(dǎo)的電解水催化劑為貴金屬鉑,其擁有優(yōu)異的催化活性,但是考慮到經(jīng)濟(jì)成本,我們需要尋找具有高效催化性能的新型催化劑。本文圍繞金屬鎳基材料展開研究,通過(guò)制備結(jié)構(gòu)新穎金屬鎳基HER催化劑并研究其析氫性能,得到了如下研究結(jié)果:1.通過(guò)簡(jiǎn)單的水熱法制備出可量產(chǎn)負(fù)載少量Pd納米顆粒(~6%原子比)的Ni_3P/Ni-Pd納米球。結(jié)果顯示Ni_3P/Ni-Pd納米球在酸性條件下電流密度達(dá)到10 mA·cm-2的過(guò)電勢(shì)(?10)為100 mV,在堿性條件下當(dāng)電流密度達(dá)到10 mA·cm-2的過(guò)電勢(shì)(?10)為160 mV,是理想的HER納米催化劑材料。2.采用水熱法制備了鎳鈷雙金屬氫氧化物,通過(guò)磷化得到形貌特殊的可高效催化電解海水的NiCoP納米花球。在酸性條件下電解海水時(shí),僅需要81mV的過(guò)電位就可以達(dá)到10 mA·cm-2的電流密度,在堿性條件下同樣表現(xiàn)出優(yōu)秀的HER催化活性和穩(wěn)定性。這種雙金屬磷化物大大降低了電解水陰極材料的經(jīng)濟(jì)成本。
[Abstract]:With the increasing of energy crisis and environmental pollution, the development of various new and renewable energy sources has been attached great importance in the world, and hydrogen as a secondary energy has the advantages of clean, pollution-free, efficient, storage and transportation. Is regarded as the most ideal energy carrier. Electrolysis of water for hydrogen production is of great value in solving energy crisis and environmental problems in the present hydrogen production technology. Catalysis plays a crucial role in the design of effective processes and systems, maximizing the value of raw materials and reducing waste generation and energy requirements. In the hydrogen evolution reaction of electrolytic water, efficient electrolytic water catalyst is very necessary. At present, the dominant electrolytic water catalyst is precious metal platinum, which has excellent catalytic activity, but considering the economic cost, We need to find new catalysts with high performance. In this paper, a novel metal nickel based HER catalyst was prepared and its hydrogen evolution properties were studied. The following results were obtained: 1. A simple hydrothermal method was used to prepare Ni_3P/Ni-Pd nanospheres which can produce a small amount of PD nanoparticles with a 6% atomic ratio. The results show that the overpotential of Ni_3P/Ni-Pd nanospheres with current density of 10 Ma cm-2 is 100mV in acidic condition and 160mV in alkaline condition. It is an ideal HER nanocatalyst material. Ni-Co bimetallic hydroxides were prepared by hydrothermal method, and NiCoP nanospheres with special morphology were obtained by phosphating. The current density of 10 Ma cm-2 can be reached only by the overpotential of 81mV when electrolyzing seawater under acidic conditions, and it also shows excellent catalytic activity and stability of HER in alkaline condition. The bimetallic phosphates greatly reduce the economic cost of electrolytic hydrocathode materials.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：深圳大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TQ116.2;O643.36

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本文編號(hào)：1896810