發(fā)布時間：2018-05-13 22:36

  本文選題：鉑納米粒子 + 石墨烯��； 參考：《山西大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展,進(jìn)入環(huán)境的污染物也越來越多,其中的酚類污染物和亞硝胺類污染物都是對人有致癌作用的小分子有機(jī)污染物。傳統(tǒng)的檢測方法(HPLC、GC、GC-MS、LC-MS等)雖然具有精確、自動化等優(yōu)點(diǎn),但往往需要復(fù)雜的樣品前處理,且成本高、耗時長。電化學(xué)傳感器可以克服上述缺點(diǎn),具有操作簡便、耗時短、成本低、靈敏度高等優(yōu)點(diǎn),近年來在環(huán)境污染物檢測方面的應(yīng)用越來越廣泛。而石墨烯自2004年發(fā)現(xiàn)以來已經(jīng)廣泛用于電化學(xué)傳感器的構(gòu)建。本論文基于石墨烯-鉑納米雜化材料構(gòu)建了檢測雙酚A和N-亞硝基二苯胺的電化學(xué)傳感器。本論文主要研究內(nèi)容如下:(1)通過簡單的濕化學(xué)方法成功合成了七-(2,3,6-三-O-甲基)-β-環(huán)糊精功能化的石墨烯/鉑納米粒子(TM-β-CD-Gr/PtNPs)。這一新的納米材料不僅具有Gr/PtNPs的優(yōu)越性能(大的比表面積、高的導(dǎo)電性和優(yōu)越的催化能力),同時具有環(huán)糊精的獨(dú)特性質(zhì)(超分子識別和富集能力),并在電化學(xué)檢測雙酚A方面具有顯著的協(xié)同作用�；谏鲜鰞�(yōu)點(diǎn),構(gòu)建了一個具有高靈敏度的檢測雙酚A的電化學(xué)傳感器。與Gr/PtNPs/GCE和TM-β-CD-Gr/GCE相比,雙酚A的氧化峰電流在TM-β-CD-Gr/PtNPs/GCE上顯著增強(qiáng)。在最優(yōu)條件下,雙酚A的峰電流與其濃度呈線性關(guān)系。其線性范圍為:5.0×10-8-8.0×10-5 mol L-1,檢出限為1.5×10-8 mol L-1(信噪比為3)。該傳感器簡便且性價比高,以后有望應(yīng)用于環(huán)境污染物中酚類污染物的痕量檢測。(2)通過簡單的濕化學(xué)方法成功合成了聚二烯丙基二甲基氯化銨(PDDA)固定的石墨烯/鉑納米粒子(PDDA-Gr/PtNPs)。這一新的納米材料具有Gr/PtNPs的優(yōu)越性能(大的比表面積、高的導(dǎo)電性和優(yōu)越的催化能力),并在電化學(xué)檢測NDPhA方面具有顯著的協(xié)同作用。基于上述優(yōu)點(diǎn),構(gòu)建了一個具有高靈敏度的檢測NDPhA的電化學(xué)傳感器。與裸電極和PDDA-Gr/GCE相比,NDPhA的氧化峰電流在PDDA-Gr/PtNPs/GCE上顯著增強(qiáng)。在最優(yōu)條件下,NDPhA的峰電流與其濃度呈線性關(guān)系。其線性范圍為:1.0×10-7-5.0×10-5 mol L-1,檢出限為3.3×10-8 mol L-1(信噪比為3)。該傳感器簡便且性價比高,以后有望應(yīng)用于環(huán)境污染物中亞硝胺類污染物的痕量檢測。(3)簡單總結(jié)了本論文所做的工作,指出了目前工作中存在的問題并提出了可能的解決方案,并對電化學(xué)傳感器在環(huán)境污染物檢測中的應(yīng)用進(jìn)行了展望。
[Abstract]:With the development of the economy, there are more and more pollutants entering the environment, of which phenolic and nitrosamines are small molecular organic pollutants that have carcinogenic effects. The traditional methods of detection (HPLC, GC, GC-MS, LC-MS, etc.) have the advantages of precision and automation, but they often need complex sample pretreatment and high cost. The electrochemical sensor can overcome the disadvantages mentioned above. It has the advantages of simple operation, short time, low cost and high sensitivity. In recent years, the application of the electrochemical sensor has become more and more widely used in environmental pollution detection. Since the discovery of graphene since 2004, it has been widely used in the construction of electrochemical sensing devices. This paper is based on graphene platinum nanohybrid. The electrochemical sensors for the detection of bisphenol A and N- nitroso two aniline are constructed. The main contents of this paper are as follows: (1) the graphene / platinum nanoparticles (TM- beta -CD-Gr/ PtNPs) of seven - (2,3,6- three -O- methyl) - beta cyclodextrin (TM- beta -CD-Gr/ PtNPs) have been successfully synthesized by a simple wet chemical method. This new nanomaterial not only has the advantage of Gr/PtNPs. The more performance (large specific surface area, high conductivity and superior catalytic ability), and the unique properties of cyclodextrin (supramolecular recognition and enrichment), and a remarkable synergy in the electrochemical detection of bisphenol A. Based on the above advantages, a high sensitivity electrochemical sensor for the detection of bisphenol A was constructed. And Gr/Pt Compared with TM- beta -CD-Gr/GCE, the peak current of the oxidation of bisphenol A increased significantly on TM- beta -CD-Gr/PtNPs/GCE. Under optimal conditions, the peak current of bisphenol A has a linear relationship with its concentration. Its linear range is 5 * 10-8-8.0 x 10-5 mol L-1, the detection limit is 1.5 * 10-8 mol L-1 (signal-to-noise ratio is 3). The sensor is simple and cost-effective, and then has a high performance price ratio. It is expected to be used for trace detection of phenolic pollutants in environmental pollutants. (2) the graphene / platinum nanoparticles (PDDA-Gr/PtNPs) fixed by polydiallyl two methyl ammonium chloride (PDDA) have been successfully synthesized by simple wet chemical method. This new nanomaterial has the superior properties of Gr/PtNPs (large specific surface area, high conductivity and superior). Catalytic ability), and has significant synergy in the electrochemical detection of NDPhA. Based on the above advantages, an electrochemical sensor with high sensitivity for detecting NDPhA is constructed. Compared with the bare electrode and PDDA-Gr/GCE, the peak current of the oxidation peak of NDPhA is significantly enhanced on PDDA-Gr/PtNPs/GCE. Under the optimal condition, the peak current of NDPhA and its concentration are concentrated. The linear range is: 1 x 10-7-5.0 x 10-5 mol L-1, the detection limit is 3.3 * 10-8 mol L-1 (signal-to-noise ratio is 3). The sensor is simple and cost-effective, and is expected to be applied to the trace detection of nitnoamine pollutants in environmental pollutants. (3) the work done in this paper is briefly summarized, and the existing work is pointed out. The possible solutions were proposed, and the application of electrochemical sensors in environmental pollutants detection was prospected.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：山西大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：O657.1;X830

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本文編號：1885148