本文選題：鈉、鉀測(cè)量 + 火焰光度法　； 參考：《北京交通大學(xué)》2016年碩士論文

【摘要】：鈉(Na)、鉀(K)這兩種常量元素,在很多領(lǐng)域有著重要的作用,如土壤分析、人體醫(yī)學(xué)、農(nóng)業(yè)化肥、醫(yī)藥行業(yè)等。通常需要精確地測(cè)量出這兩種元素的含量,判斷其是否處于標(biāo)準(zhǔn)范圍之內(nèi),從而發(fā)揮正常的作用。本文對(duì)鈉、鉀元素含量的測(cè)量技術(shù)進(jìn)行了深入的研究。首先,通過(guò)對(duì)大量資料的學(xué)習(xí)和研究,對(duì)比分析了目前檢測(cè)方法和手段的缺點(diǎn)及不足,確定了本文的研究方法——火焰光度法,研究了鈉、鉀兩種堿金屬元素的焰色反應(yīng)特性及鈉、鉀原子發(fā)射光譜特性,分析了硅光電池光生電流強(qiáng)度與光照強(qiáng)度之間的關(guān)系,深入研究了原子發(fā)射光譜法,構(gòu)建了發(fā)射譜線強(qiáng)度與待測(cè)物濃度間關(guān)系的數(shù)學(xué)模型,推導(dǎo)出了鈉、鉀含量測(cè)量的算法,并設(shè)計(jì)了火焰光度法的工作流程。其次,根據(jù)本文構(gòu)建的數(shù)學(xué)模型和推導(dǎo)出的算法,應(yīng)用火焰光度法原理,完成了測(cè)量系統(tǒng)的整體方案設(shè)計(jì)。在進(jìn)一步完成鈉、鉀光電轉(zhuǎn)換模塊、氣路模塊、控制模塊、顯示模塊、信號(hào)輸入模塊及數(shù)據(jù)輸出模塊的設(shè)計(jì)以及軟件編寫(xiě)的基礎(chǔ)上,開(kāi)發(fā)完成了基于MSP430f149微處理器的鈉、鉀含量測(cè)量系統(tǒng)和PC端的人機(jī)交互界面。通過(guò)搭建實(shí)驗(yàn)平臺(tái),對(duì)測(cè)量系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行整體的裝機(jī)、運(yùn)行及調(diào)試,實(shí)現(xiàn)了樣品液氣化、光強(qiáng)信號(hào)與數(shù)字信號(hào)的轉(zhuǎn)換、鈉、鉀雙通道同時(shí)標(biāo)定測(cè)量、數(shù)據(jù)動(dòng)態(tài)顯示、歷史數(shù)據(jù)查詢及清除、良好的LCD操作界面、數(shù)據(jù)傳輸打印、測(cè)量系統(tǒng)程序?qū)崟r(shí)在線更新以及與PC端人機(jī)交互界面通信等功能。PC端人機(jī)交互界面,采用LabVIEW開(kāi)發(fā)設(shè)計(jì),具有與測(cè)量系統(tǒng)通信、數(shù)據(jù)信息顯示、數(shù)據(jù)自動(dòng)導(dǎo)出存儲(chǔ)以及生成并顯示標(biāo)準(zhǔn)曲線的功能。最后,通過(guò)大量的重復(fù)測(cè)量實(shí)驗(yàn)驗(yàn)證,本文提出的測(cè)量方法方便、快捷、精確高,該測(cè)量系統(tǒng)具有操作簡(jiǎn)便、智能化程度高、功能多樣化、工作穩(wěn)定、成本低等優(yōu)點(diǎn)。
[Abstract]:The two major elements, sodium, sodium, potassium and potassium, play an important role in many fields, such as soil analysis, human medicine, agricultural chemical fertilizer, pharmaceutical industry, and so on. The content of these two elements usually needs to be measured accurately to determine whether they are within the standard range and thus play a normal role. In this paper, the measurement technology of sodium and potassium is studied. First of all, through the study and study of a large amount of data, the shortcomings and shortcomings of the current detection methods and means are compared and analyzed, and the flame photometric method, which is the research method in this paper, is determined, and the sodium is studied. The characteristics of flame reaction and the atomic emission spectra of sodium and potassium of two kinds of alkali metal elements of potassium are analyzed. The relationship between the intensity of photovoltaic current and the intensity of illumination of silicon photovoltaic cells is analyzed, and the atomic emission spectrometry is deeply studied. The mathematical model of the relationship between the intensity of emission line and the concentration of the substance to be measured is established. The algorithm of measuring the content of sodium and potassium is deduced and the working flow of flame photometry is designed. Secondly, according to the mathematical model and the algorithm derived in this paper, the overall scheme design of the measurement system is completed by applying the principle of flame photometry. On the basis of further completing the design of sodium, potassium optoelectronic conversion module, gas path module, control module, display module, signal input module and data output module, as well as software programming, the sodium based on MSP430f149 microprocessor is developed. Potassium content measurement system and PC interface. By setting up the experimental platform, the whole measuring system is installed, operated and debugged, and the sample liquid gasification, the conversion of light intensity signal and digital signal, the simultaneous calibration and measurement of sodium and potassium channels, and the dynamic display of data are realized. The functions of historical data query and clearance, good LCD operation interface, data transmission and printing, real-time online updating of measuring system program and communication with PC man-machine interactive interface, etc., are developed and designed with LabVIEW. It has the functions of communicating with the measurement system, displaying the data information, automatically exporting and storing the data and generating and displaying the standard curve. Finally, through a large number of repeated measurement experiments, the measurement method proposed in this paper is convenient, fast and accurate. The system has the advantages of simple operation, high intelligence, diverse functions, stable work and low cost.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號(hào)】：O657.3

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