本文選題：對硝基苯酚 + 光催化　； 參考：《西華師范大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著社會經(jīng)濟的快速發(fā)展和人民生活水平的提高,環(huán)境污染問題成為全社會所面臨的核心問題。有機污染物的大量排放成為水環(huán)境日益惡化的重要原因之一,其中含對硝基苯酚的廢水成為比較突出的一種。近年來,隨著人們對半導(dǎo)體光催化技術(shù)的深入研究,發(fā)現(xiàn)其在催化還原有機污染物方面有著廣闊的應(yīng)用前景。半導(dǎo)體光催化技術(shù)因具有較高的催化氧化能力和回收再利用等優(yōu)點被廣泛應(yīng)用于廢水處理,但是目前的半導(dǎo)體光催化材料大多含有金屬組分,表現(xiàn)出光響應(yīng)范圍窄、帶隙較寬、價格昂貴、易對環(huán)境造成二次污染等缺點,在實際應(yīng)用中受到一定的限制。隨著一種不含金屬組分、價格低廉、合適的能帶結(jié)構(gòu)的石墨相氮化碳的開發(fā)與研究,開啟了聚合物類半導(dǎo)體光催化材料的研究方向。因此,開發(fā)一種高活性、高穩(wěn)定性、不含金屬組分的可見光催化劑成為光催化技術(shù)領(lǐng)域研究的熱點。根據(jù)上述問題,本論文合成了一類具有光致發(fā)光性質(zhì)的聚合物半導(dǎo)體光催化材料,并應(yīng)用于對硝基苯酚的催化還原的應(yīng)用中,具體內(nèi)容如下:1.以間苯二胺(mPD)和羅丹明B(RhB)為單體,過硫酸銨(APS)為引發(fā)劑,經(jīng)過高溫水熱法合成了具有光致發(fā)光性質(zhì)的聚間苯二胺-羅丹明B共聚物量子點(PmRDs)。實驗表明該聚合物具有良好的光致發(fā)光的性質(zhì),在一定波長范圍內(nèi)對可見光有良好的吸收能力,因此在對對硝基苯酚催化還原中表現(xiàn)出高效的催化性能。在氙燈的照射下,6 mg/m L的催化劑就能將1×10-3 M的對硝基苯酚(4-NP)在5 min完全催化,通過計算其速率常數(shù)可高達0.766 min-1(25℃)。我們還研究了不同pH、溫度、不同范圍的波長、催化劑量對4-NP的催化性能的影響。將合成的催化劑與其他含有金屬組分的催化劑相比較,發(fā)現(xiàn)PmRDs在可見光的照射下具有較高的催化活性。2.以間苯二胺和甲基橙(MO)為單體,在過硫酸銨引發(fā)劑的作用下,采用一步水熱法合成了間苯二胺-甲基橙共聚物催化劑(Pm-MO)。通過實驗發(fā)現(xiàn),在24W的節(jié)能燈的照射下,6 mg/m L的催化劑可將相同濃度的4-NP在6 min的時間內(nèi)完全催化,根據(jù)一級動力學(xué)方程,我們計算出該催化劑在25℃時其催化速率常數(shù)為0.30 min-1。其表現(xiàn)出優(yōu)異的催化性能可能是由于間苯二胺和甲基橙聚合后的能帶結(jié)構(gòu)比較匹配,帶隙較窄,光催化活性良好。3.羅丹明B和甲基橙屬于染料分子,在使用過程中可能對環(huán)境造成二次污染,因此我們發(fā)現(xiàn)葉綠素對紅光和藍紫光有較強吸收,而菠菜中含有豐富的葉綠素,因此該實驗利用間苯二胺和菠菜汁為原料,合成了具有光催化活性的聚合物材料。對該材料進行表征及光催化性能測試,發(fā)現(xiàn)該催化劑在紫外燈的照射下在60 min內(nèi)能將4-NP催化完全。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of social economy and the improvement of people's living standard, environmental pollution has become the core problem of the whole society. The discharge of organic pollutants has become one of the important reasons for the deterioration of water environment, and the wastewater containing p-nitrophenol has become a prominent one. In recent years, with the in-depth study of semiconductor photocatalytic technology, it is found that it has a broad application prospect in catalytic reduction of organic pollutants. Semiconductor photocatalytic technology has been widely used in wastewater treatment because of its high catalytic oxidation ability and recovery and reuse. However, most semiconductor photocatalytic materials contain metal components, showing a narrow range of light response and wide band gap. High price, easy to cause secondary pollution to the environment and so on, which is limited in practical application. With the development and research of a kind of graphite-phase carbon nitride with no metal component, low price and suitable energy band structure, the research direction of polymer semiconductor photocatalytic materials has been opened. Therefore, the development of a highly active, stable and metal-free visible light catalyst has become a hot spot in the field of photocatalysis technology. According to the above problems, a class of polymer semiconductor photocatalytic materials with photoluminescence properties were synthesized and applied to the catalytic reduction of p-nitrophenol. The main contents are as follows: 1. Poly (m-phenylenediamine-rhodamine B) copolymers with photoluminescence properties were synthesized by hydrothermal method using resorcinenediamine and rhodamine as monomers and ammonium persulfate (APS) as initiators. The experimental results show that the polymer has good photoluminescence properties and good absorption ability to visible light in a certain wavelength range, so it has high catalytic performance in the catalytic reduction of p-nitrophenol. Under the irradiation of xenon lamp, the catalyst of 6 mg/m / L can completely catalyze 1 脳 10-3 M p-nitrophenol 4-NPs for 5 min, and the rate constant can reach up to 0.766 min-1(25 鈩，

本文編號：1836622