發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-05-01 15:33

  本文選題：過渡金屬-氮摻雜碳材料 + 雜原子摻雜碳材料��； 參考：《中國科學(xué):化學(xué)》2017年05期

【摘要】：鉑基催化劑是目前氫氧燃料電池中實(shí)際應(yīng)用的陰極氧還原催化劑,由于鉑昂貴的價(jià)格以及稀缺性,開發(fā)非貴金屬氧還原催化劑對于氫氧燃料電池的規(guī)�；瘧�(yīng)用非常必要.碳基非貴金屬氧還原催化劑,包括金屬-氮摻雜碳(M N C)材料和非金屬雜原子摻雜碳材料,是目前最重要也是研究最廣泛的兩類非貴金屬氧還原催化劑.對其活性位點(diǎn)的認(rèn)知是研究熱點(diǎn)之一,也是明顯提高性能和宏量制備的關(guān)鍵所在.對于金屬-氮摻雜碳催化劑,目前受到廣泛認(rèn)可的活性位點(diǎn)包括:M N_x/C(x=1,2,3,4)、Nx C、包覆的納米金屬粒子活化的碳層等.對于非金屬雜原子摻雜碳材料(如氮摻雜碳材料),氮原子毗鄰的碳原子一般被認(rèn)為是活性位點(diǎn).但由于原料本身、制備過程等因素,可能引入痕量的金屬元素,嚴(yán)格意義上的非金屬雜原子摻雜碳材料難以制備,使得明確其活性位點(diǎn)非常困難.結(jié)合本研究組在該領(lǐng)域的工作,本文介紹了當(dāng)前上述兩類催化劑在研究方面的進(jìn)展,總結(jié)分析了幾種對活性位點(diǎn)探索和確認(rèn)的主流認(rèn)識(shí),以期有助于碳基非貴金屬氧還原催化劑的進(jìn)一步研究.
[Abstract]:Platinum-based catalyst is one of the practical cathodic oxygen reduction catalysts in hydrogen oxygen fuel cells. Because of the high price and scarcity of platinum, it is necessary to develop non-noble metal oxygen reduction catalysts for the large-scale application of hydrogen and oxygen fuel cells. Carbon-based non-noble metal oxygen reduction catalysts, including metal-nitrogen-doped carbon monoxide and nonmetallic heteroatom doped carbon materials, are the two most important and widely studied non-noble metal oxygen reduction catalysts at present. The recognition of its active sites is one of the hot topics, and also the key to improve its performance and macro preparation. For metal-nitrogen-doped carbon catalysts, the widely recognized active sites at present include: 1 / N ~ (x / C) / C ~ (2 +) N ~ (x) C, C ~ (2 +), carbon layer activated by coated nanometallic particles, and so on. Carbon atoms adjacent to nitrogen atoms are generally considered to be active sites for nonmetallic hetero-doped carbon materials (such as nitrogen doped carbon materials). However, due to the factors such as raw material itself, preparation process and so on, trace metal elements may be introduced, and it is difficult to prepare non-metallic hetero-atom doped carbon materials in strict sense, which makes it very difficult to identify their active sites. Combined with the work of our team in this field, this paper introduces the research progress of the two kinds of catalysts mentioned above, and summarizes and analyzes several main ideas on the exploration and confirmation of active sites. It is expected to be helpful to the further study of carbon-based non-noble metal oxygen reduction catalysts.
【作者單位】： 中國科學(xué)院長春應(yīng)用化學(xué)研究所先進(jìn)化學(xué)電源實(shí)驗(yàn)室;中國科學(xué)技術(shù)大學(xué);中國科學(xué)院長春應(yīng)用化學(xué)研究所電分析化學(xué)國家重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室;
【基金】：國家自然科學(xué)基金(編號(hào):21373199,21433003) 中國科學(xué)院先導(dǎo)專項(xiàng)(編號(hào):XDA09030104) 吉林省科技發(fā)展計(jì)劃(編號(hào):20150101066JC) 吉林省先進(jìn)低碳化學(xué)電源重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室(編號(hào):20160622037JC)資助項(xiàng)目
【分類號(hào)】：O643.361

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