本文選題：腐植酸 + 氧化法��； 參考：《安徽工業(yè)大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：腐植酸是一種具有膠體性質(zhì)和多維空間結(jié)構(gòu)的高分子有機(jī)物,主要具有以下性質(zhì):1)酸性;2)絡(luò)合性;3)離子交換性4)吸附性;5)生理活性,因此腐植酸被廣泛應(yīng)用在農(nóng)業(yè)、工業(yè)、醫(yī)療等領(lǐng)域。通常采用堿溶酸析法從褐煤中提取腐植酸。為了提高腐植酸的產(chǎn)率,本文使用雙氧水作氧化劑,通過磁力加熱攪拌、超聲波降解、CuO催化等工藝技術(shù)來提高腐植酸產(chǎn)率,并利用傅里葉紅外光譜分析(FT-IR)、X射線光電子能譜分析(XPS)、Ba(OH)2和(CH3COO)2Ca陽離子交換法等手段分析表征腐植酸結(jié)構(gòu),得到以下主要結(jié)論:(1)堿溶酸析法提取的原生腐植酸產(chǎn)率為43.7%;H_2O_2直接氧化的產(chǎn)率為55.4%;H_2O_2-超聲得到的產(chǎn)率為52.3%;H_2O_2-CuO得到的最優(yōu)產(chǎn)率為57.5%。由于H_2O_2-超聲氧化性較強(qiáng),易使腐植酸氧化為CO_x、NO_x和水。因此采用H_2O_2-CuO氧化方案制備腐植酸最好;(2)制備提取的原生黃、棕、黑腐植酸的FT-IR表明其含有的相同C-H、O-C=O、C-C、O-C含碳官能團(tuán)結(jié)構(gòu);通過XPS對(duì)三種腐植酸中C、N、S、P等官能團(tuán)進(jìn)行表征,表明黑腐植酸無C=O結(jié)構(gòu),棕、黃腐植酸有C=O和C-H、O-C=O、C-O、C-C結(jié)構(gòu),且各個(gè)官能團(tuán)相對(duì)含量也各不相同;黃腐酸中沒有發(fā)現(xiàn)吡咯(N-5)和吡啶(N-6)官能團(tuán)結(jié)構(gòu),黑腐酸中無氮的Sp3雜化結(jié)構(gòu);黃腐酸中沒有檢測到含硫結(jié)構(gòu),棕、黑腐植酸不存在硫醇(吩)型;三種腐植酸都沒有檢測到含磷結(jié)構(gòu)。(3)通過比較三種氧化方法前后的羧基、酚羥基的含量,發(fā)現(xiàn)超聲氧化處理后的腐植酸的羧基含量增加,酚羥基含量減少。黃腐酸中羧基含量由5.22增加到6.67;棕腐酸5.19增到7.46;黑腐植酸由3.49變?yōu)?.63 mmol/g。
[Abstract]:Humic acid is a kind of macromolecular organic compounds with colloidal properties and multi-dimensional space structure, mainly having the following properties: 1) acid 2) complexing property 4) ion exchangeability (5) physiological activity. Therefore, humic acid is widely used in agriculture and industry. Medical and other fields Humic acid is usually extracted from lignite by alkali-soluble acid analysis. In order to improve the yield of humic acid, hydrogen peroxide was used as oxidant to improve the yield of humic acid by magnetic heating and stirring and ultrasonic degradation of CuO. The structure of humic acid was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The main conclusions are as follows: (1) the yield of primary humic acid extracted by alkali-soluble acid analysis method is 43.7%. The yield of direct oxidation of H _ 2O _ 2 is 55.4%. The optimum yield of H _ 2O _ 2-CuO is 57.5%. Because of the strong oxidation of H2O2- ultrasonic, humic acid can be oxidized into COxCOXNOX and water easily. Therefore, the FT-IR of the extracted primary yellow, brown and black humic acids, which were prepared by H_2O_2-CuO oxidation method, showed the same structure of C-HHO-Con C-CnOC-C functional groups, and characterized the functional groups such as C _ (N) N _ (N) Schion _ (P) in three kinds of humic acids by XPS, and the results were as follows: (1) in the three humic acids, the original yellow, brown and black humic acids were prepared by FT-IR. The results showed that black humic acid had no CnO structure, brown and yellow humic acid had Cno and C-HHO-CnOOOOC-C structures, and the relative contents of each functional group were different, pyrrolidine N-5) and pyridine-N-6) functional groups were not found in fulvic acid, and the nitrogen-free Sp3 hybrid structure was found in black humic acid. No sulfur-containing structure was detected in fulvic acid, and no thiol type was found in brown and black humic acid, and no phosphorus-containing structure was detected in any of the three kinds of humic acids. The contents of carboxyl and phenolic hydroxyl groups before and after the three oxidation methods were compared. It was found that the carboxyl content of humic acid increased and the phenolic hydroxyl content decreased after ultrasonic oxidation. Carboxyl content in fulvic acid increased from 5.22 to 6.67, brown rot acid increased from 5.19 to 7.46, and black humic acid changed from 3.49 to 4.63 mmol / g.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：安徽工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：O636.9

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本文編號(hào)：1806094