本文選題：光電化學分解水　切入點：光催化　出處：《江蘇大學》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：在當代社會中,人類主要使用的能源來源于煤、石油等化石燃料,占所有使用能源的85%左右。然而,不可再生資源的過度消耗導致了二氧化碳(CO_2)大量排放,加劇了全球溫室效應。因此,開發(fā)可替代綠色能源成為人類面臨的一個新挑戰(zhàn)。氫能,作為一種清潔、可再生、儲量豐富的能源,是現(xiàn)代能源結構優(yōu)化轉變的主要方向。相比于化石燃料,氫能燃燒熱值高,反應速度快,而且是一種可再生的二次能源。此外,氫能可以儲存于固體儲氫材料中,使其能夠應用于許多領域。因此,對氫能的技術研究和開發(fā)利用對于人類能源架構優(yōu)化和能源可持續(xù)發(fā)展具有重大意義。光電化學電池是一種開發(fā)氫能的新型技術,可實現(xiàn)工業(yè)化太陽能分解水制氫。在光電化學電池中,光電極是最重要的組成部分,光電極起到吸收光、產(chǎn)生電子-空穴對并促進電子轉移的作用。由于異質結光電極可以更高效的促進電子空穴對的分離,因此目前光電極的開發(fā)主要方向是構建新型異質結光電極。論文的主要工作如下:一、TiO_2/BiOCl復合異質結光電極矩陣的制備及其光電化學分解水制氫性能研究通過水熱、溶膠凝膠以及化學沉積的方法成功制備了TiO_2/BiOCl異質光電極。研究發(fā)現(xiàn),通過負載BiOCl,TiO_2光電極的光電化學性能有了質的提高。我們進一步研究了BiOCl負載量對其光電化學性能的影響規(guī)律,發(fā)現(xiàn)當負載BiOCl的循環(huán)次數(shù)為60次時,所制備樣品呈現(xiàn)出最佳的光電化學性能。二、MoS_2敏化TiO_2復合異質結光電極矩陣的制備及其光電化學分解水制氫性能研究通過水熱及溶膠凝膠過程成功構建了TiO_2/MoS_2異質結光電極。在此基礎上,我們系統(tǒng)化研究了MoS_2敏化作用對TiO_2光電極光電化學性能的影響規(guī)律,發(fā)現(xiàn)經(jīng)MoS_2敏化的TiO_2光電極的光電流強度與單一TiO_2光電極相比有了很大的提高。三、TiO_2/RGO/Cu_2O復合光電極的制備及其光電化學分解水制氫性能研究通過水熱、溶膠凝膠、旋涂及化學沉積的方法構建了TiO_2/RGO/Cu_2O異質結構的光電極。光電流及IPCE數(shù)據(jù)表明當Cu_2O負載循環(huán)次數(shù)為60次時,TiO_2/RGO/Cu_2O光電極呈現(xiàn)出最佳的光電化學性能。在此基礎上,我們還研究了該光電極的產(chǎn)氫性能,結果顯示由TiO_2/RGO/Cu_2O組成的光電極具有優(yōu)異的產(chǎn)氫速率。四、MgFe_2O_4/RGO/V_2O_5異質結制備及其光催化性能研究通過靜電紡絲和溶膠凝膠法制備出了V_2O_5/RGO/MgFe_2O_4異質結納米線,并對其光催化性能進行了研究。在經(jīng)過負載RGO及MgFe_2O_4形成三元異質一維納米材料后,其光催化性能在單一MgFe_2O_4基礎上有了大幅度提升。
[Abstract]:In contemporary society, the main sources of energy used by mankind are coal, petroleum and other fossil fuels, accounting for about 85 percent of all energy used. However, excessive consumption of non-renewable resources has led to massive emissions of carbon dioxide. Thus, the development of alternative green energy has become a new challenge for mankind. Hydrogen energy, as a clean, renewable and abundant energy source, Compared with fossil fuels, hydrogen energy has a high combustion calorific value, a fast reaction rate, and is a renewable secondary energy source. In addition, hydrogen energy can be stored in solid hydrogen storage materials. Therefore, the research and development of hydrogen energy technology is of great significance for the optimization of human energy architecture and the sustainable development of energy. Photochemical cells are a new technology for the development of hydrogen energy. Industrial solar energy can decompose water to produce hydrogen. In photochemical cells, the photoelectrode is the most important component, and the photoelectrode absorbs light. The generation of electron-hole pairs and the promotion of electron transfer. The main work of this paper is as follows: firstly, the preparation of TiO2 / BiOCl composite heterojunction photoelectrode matrix and the properties of photochemical decomposition of water to produce hydrogen are studied by hydrothermal method. Sol-gel and chemical deposition methods were used to prepare TiO_2/BiOCl heterogeneous photoelectrodes. The photoelectrochemical properties of BiOCl-TiO2 photoelectrode have been improved qualitatively. We have further studied the effect of BiOCl loading on its photochemical properties. It is found that when the number of cycles of loaded BiOCl is 60 times, The preparation of photoelectrode matrix of TiO_2 complex heterojunction and its photochemical decomposition properties of hydrogen production by photochemical decomposition of water have been successfully constructed by hydrothermal and sol-gel processes. On the basis of this, We have systematically studied the influence of MoS_2 sensitization on the electrochemical performance of TiO_2 optoelectronic aurora. It is found that the photocurrent intensity of the TiO_2 photoelectrode sensitized by MoS_2 is much higher than that of the single TiO_2 photoelectrode. The photoelectrode of TiO_2/RGO/Cu_2O heterostructure was constructed by spin-coating and chemical deposition. The photocurrent and IPCE data show that when the number of cycles of Cu_2O load is 60 times, TiO-2 / RGO-Cu2O photoelectrode presents the best photochemical performance. We also studied the hydrogen production performance of the photoelectrode. The results showed that the photoelectrode composed of TiO_2/RGO/Cu_2O had excellent hydrogen production rate. The preparation and photocatalytic properties of V_2O_5/RGO/MgFe_2O_4 heterojunction nanowires were prepared by electrospinning and sol-gel method. The photocatalytic properties of these materials were studied. After the formation of ternary heterogeneous one-dimensional nanomaterials by supported RGO and MgFe_2O_4, their photocatalytic properties were greatly improved on the basis of a single MgFe_2O_4.
【學位授予單位】：江蘇大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：O646.5;TQ116.2

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