發(fā)布時間：2018-03-09 17:50

  本文選題：陰離子聚丙烯酰胺　切入點(diǎn)：陽離子聚丙烯酰胺　出處：《安徽理工大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：聚丙烯酰胺是丙烯酰胺單體通過均聚或與其它單體共聚形成的一種高分子聚合物,因為其獨(dú)特的性質(zhì),在水處理、原油開采、造紙、食品衛(wèi)生等行業(yè)中得到了廣泛的應(yīng)用。隨著人口的增長、工業(yè)化進(jìn)程的加快,導(dǎo)致資源的需求量不斷攀升,當(dāng)前及今后相當(dāng)長一段時間內(nèi),我們都將面臨隨著水資源缺乏,水體日益復(fù)雜化以及原油開采量減少等一系列資源與環(huán)境問題,而聚丙烯酰胺對于這些問題的解決有著極其重要的作用。因此研發(fā)不同種類、性能優(yōu)良的絮凝劑,以滿足日益增長的消費(fèi)需求,具有非常重要的意義。本文采用共聚法合成三種離子型PAM,研究了單體配比、單體質(zhì)量分?jǐn)?shù)、引發(fā)劑質(zhì)量分?jǐn)?shù)、反應(yīng)溫度、紫外光照射時間、溶液pH值和尿素含量等因素對聚合產(chǎn)物固含量、特性粘數(shù)、離子度、產(chǎn)品轉(zhuǎn)化率以及溶解時間的影響,找出最優(yōu)的聚合反應(yīng)條件,為今后的工業(yè)化生產(chǎn)提供一定的實(shí)踐依據(jù)。(1)制備APAM的最優(yōu)反應(yīng)條件:n(AM):n(NaAA)=1:0.35,單體質(zhì)量分?jǐn)?shù)32%,引發(fā)劑質(zhì)量分?jǐn)?shù)0.04%,光照時間2.0小時,引發(fā)溫度為25℃C,溶液PH控制在6.5,尿素質(zhì)量分?jǐn)?shù)為4%,所得APAM固含量為41.39%,特性粘數(shù)為1260mL/g,丙烯酰胺殘留量為0.029%。(2)制備CPAM的最優(yōu)反應(yīng)條件:n(AM):n(DMDAAC)=1:0.18,單體質(zhì)量分?jǐn)?shù)25%,引發(fā)劑質(zhì)量分?jǐn)?shù)為0.02%,紫外光照射時間為2.5小時,引發(fā)溫度30℃,反應(yīng)體系pH控制為6,尿素質(zhì)量分?jǐn)?shù)占4%,所得CPAM的固含量33.82%,特性粘數(shù)為934mL/g,丙烯酰胺殘留量為0.040%。(3)制備 AmPAM 的最優(yōu)反應(yīng)條件:n(AM):n(NaAA):n(DMC)=1:0.63:0.14,單體質(zhì)量分?jǐn)?shù)為38%,引發(fā)劑質(zhì)量分?jǐn)?shù)為0.06%,光照時間為1.5小時,反應(yīng)體系pH控制為7.5,反應(yīng)溫度為40℃,所得AmPAM固含量為38.06%,特性粘數(shù)為845mL/g,丙烯酰胺殘留量為0.037%。(4)采用紅外光譜與核磁氫譜對合成的不同離子型聚合產(chǎn)物的組成和結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行分析,分析表明已經(jīng)制得了目標(biāo)產(chǎn)物。選取實(shí)驗合成的三種不同離子型的聚合產(chǎn)物對煤泥水作絮凝效果的比較,研究了三種離子型聚合產(chǎn)物絮凝效果的區(qū)別。通過實(shí)驗可以得出,聚合產(chǎn)物的種類、特性粘數(shù)、藥劑的投入量、以及煤泥水的濃度等都會對使用效果產(chǎn)生很大影響。實(shí)驗數(shù)據(jù)表明,當(dāng)聚合產(chǎn)物作用于望峰崗礦煤泥水時,可以取得很好的絮凝效果。
[Abstract]:Polyacrylamide is a polymer formed by acrylamide monomer through homopolymerization or copolymerization with other monomers because of its unique properties in water treatment, crude oil extraction, papermaking, Food hygiene and other industries have been widely used. With the growth of population and the acceleration of industrialization, the demand for resources is constantly rising. At present and for a long time to come, we will all be faced with the shortage of water resources. A series of resource and environmental problems, such as the increasing complexity of water bodies and the reduction of crude oil extraction, and polyacrylamide (PAM) play an extremely important role in solving these problems. Therefore, different kinds of flocculants with excellent performance are developed. In order to meet the increasing demand for consumption, it is very important to synthesize three kinds of ionic PAM by copolymerization. The ratio of monomer, mass fraction of monomer, mass fraction of initiator, reaction temperature and irradiation time of ultraviolet light are studied. The effects of pH value of solution and urea content on the solid content, intrinsic viscosity, ionic degree, conversion rate and dissolution time of the polymerization product were studied, and the optimum polymerization conditions were found out. To provide some practical basis for the future industrial production) the optimum reaction conditions for the preparation of APAM are as follows: 1: nn amm: 1: 0.35, 32 mass fraction of monomer, 0.04 mass fraction of initiator, 2.0 hours of illumination, and 1: 0: 0.35, mass fraction of monomer, mass fraction of initiator, and light time of 2.0 hours. The initiation temperature is 25 鈩，

本文編號：1589602