本文選題：刺激響應型表面活性劑　切入點：囊泡　出處：《江南大學》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：環(huán)境刺激響應型表面活性劑可通過外界條件(如光、熱、磁、電、pH、濕度、壓力、電解質濃度等)的改變實現(xiàn)有序自組裝聚集體結構切換的調控,在可控藥物緩釋、可控微流體器件和納米微反應器等高新技術領域具有誘人的應用前景,與能源、信息和智能傳感器等領域的新材料和新技術開發(fā)密切相關,已成為智能流體的重要研究方向之一。pH響應表面活性劑智能流體具有調控方便、響應迅速、成本低和響應可逆等顯著特點。文獻中主要通過表面活性劑復配、表面活性劑溶液中引入功能性添加劑和表面活性劑單一組分進行pH響應表面活性劑智能流體的構建。本文由天然脂肪酸合成了分子結構中同時含有氧化胺基團和羧酸基團的α-羧基十三烷基二甲基氧化胺(CTAO)和α-羧基十五烷基二甲基氧化胺(CPAO),成功獲得了不需任何添加劑即可發(fā)生囊泡-蠕蟲狀膠束-球狀膠束多重轉變的pH響應智能流體單組分體系,在pH變化單位約為1的范圍內即出現(xiàn)兩次顯著的流變性能突變;考察了溫度和濃度對CTAO和CPAO形成的囊泡和蠕蟲狀膠束的影響,探討了CTAO和CPAO自組裝pH響應的作用機制;基于pH靈敏響應的智能流體,探索引入商品化的光致生酸劑,將其轉化為光響應的智能流體。主要工作概括如下:由天然脂肪酸經氯代、胺解、氧化三步合成表面活性劑CTAO和CPAO,用FT-IR和1H NMR等技術對表面活性劑的結構進行分析表征。利用酸堿滴定法、電導率儀、Zeta電位分析儀確定CTAO和CPAO的pKa1、pKa2值和等電點,并確定其在溶液中的分子存在形式。運用流變儀對不同pH值下CTAO/CPAO的流變行為進行考察,通過低溫透射電鏡(cyro-TEM)和掃描電子顯微鏡(SEM)對不同pH時CTAO和CPAO自組裝聚集體的微觀結構進行了表征。實驗發(fā)現(xiàn)在無需任何添加劑的條件下,所研究表面活性劑水溶液具有靈敏的pH響應特征:當pH較低時,CTAO(pH 2.0~5.6)和CPAO(pH 2.3~5.8)自組裝形成囊泡結構;當繼續(xù)升高pH時,CTAO(pH 6.0~6.7)和CPAO(pH 6.2~7.4)形成具有線性粘彈性流體行為特征的蠕蟲狀膠束,在很窄的pH范圍內零剪切粘度變化可達三個數(shù)量級;當pH高于中性時,CTAO(pH7)和CPAO(pH8)溶液中表面活性劑以球狀膠束形式存在。考察了溫度和濃度等對CTAO和CPAO囊泡體系和蠕蟲狀膠束結構的影響。通過測定不同pH條件下CTAO和CPAO溶液的表面張力,考察兩種氧化胺表面活性劑單個分子占據(jù)面積隨溶液pH變化的變化規(guī)律。實驗結果表明,隨著pH的增大,兩種表面活性劑表面張力和臨界膠束濃度均逐漸增加,說明分子存在形式和分子間相互作用發(fā)生變化,引起分子堆積參數(shù)發(fā)生改變,從而導致溶液中發(fā)生聚集體形貌的轉變。基于CTAO對pH靈敏的刺激響應性,探索將光致生酸劑引入pH響應體系,通過光照引發(fā)pH耦合變化,誘導自組裝膠束結構的轉變,得到了基于pH響應的光刺激響應智能流體。
[Abstract]:Environmental stimulation-responsive surfactants can be controlled by changing the external conditions (such as light, heat, magnetism, pH, humidity, pressure, electrolyte concentration, etc.). Controllable microfluidic devices and nanoscale microreactors have attractive application prospects, which are closely related to the development of new materials and technologies in the fields of energy, information and intelligent sensors. It has become one of the important research directions of intelligent fluid. Ph responsive surfactant intelligent fluid has many remarkable characteristics, such as convenient control, rapid response, low cost and reversible response. In this paper, functional additives and a single component of surfactant were introduced into surfactant solution to construct the intelligent surfactant fluid in pH response. In this paper, the molecular structure of surfactants containing amine oxide group and amine oxide group was synthesized from natural fatty acids. The 偽 -carboxyl 13 alkyl dimethyl amine oxide (CTAO) and 偽 -carboxyl 15 alkyl dimethyl amine oxide (CPAOO) of carboxylic acid group have been successfully obtained. The pH response of vesicle to vermicelle micelle to spherical micelle multifold transition can be obtained without any additive. Intelligent single component fluid system, Two significant rheological changes occurred in the pH range of about 1. The effects of temperature and concentration on the vesicles and worm-like micelles formed by CTAO and CPAO were investigated, and the mechanism of the pH response of CTAO and CPAO self-assembly was discussed. Based on the pH sensitive intelligent fluid, this paper explores the introduction of commercial photogenic acidogenic agent and converts it into a light responsive intelligent fluid. The main work is summarized as follows: chlorination and amination of natural fatty acids, Surface active agents CTAO and CPAOwere synthesized by oxidation and characterized by FT-IR and 1H NMR. The value and isoelectric point of CTAO and CPAO were determined by acid-base titration and Zeta potential analyzer. The rheological behavior of CTAO/CPAO at different pH values was investigated by rheometer. The microstructure of CTAO and CPAO self-assembled aggregates at different pH was characterized by low temperature transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and scanning electron microscope (SEM). The surfactant aqueous solution has the characteristics of sensitive pH response: CTAO (pH 2.0 ~ 5.6) and CPAO(pH 2.3 (5.8)) self-assemble vesicle structure when pH is low; CTAO (pH 6.0 ~ 6.7) and CPAO(pH 6.2n (7.4) form worm-like micelles with linear viscoelastic fluid behavior when pH continues to increase. The change of zero shear viscosity can reach three orders of magnitude in a narrow pH range. When pH was higher than neutral, the surfactants existed in the form of spherical micelles. The effects of temperature and concentration on the vesicles of CTAO and CPAO and the structure of wormlike micelles were investigated. CTAO and CPAO were determined under different pH conditions. The surface tension of the solution, The surface tension and critical micelle concentration of the two surfactants were increased with the increase of pH, the results showed that the surface tension and the critical micelle concentration of the two surfactants increased gradually with the increase of pH, and the surface tension and the critical micelle concentration of the two surfactants increased gradually with the increase of pH. The results show that the existing forms of molecules and the intermolecular interactions change, which leads to the change of molecular accumulation parameters, which leads to the transformation of the morphology of aggregates in solution. Based on the sensitivity of CTAO to pH stimulation, The photoinduced acidogenic agent was introduced into the pH response system, and the light induced pH coupling was used to induce the transformation of the self-assembled micelle structure. The photostimulation-responsive intelligent fluid based on the pH response was obtained.
【學位授予單位】：江南大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：O647.2

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